Skip to content
אתר זה לא תומך בגרסאות ישנות של אינטרנט אקספלורר
מומלץ להשתמש בדפדפן גוגל כרום או פיירפוקס מוזילה
(או באינטרנט אקספלורר / edge עדכני)
Enjoy Learning Sanskrit tips, tools, resources and more...

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-5

Use the following checkboxes to set the display options for this chapter (You can also control the display of each verse separately):
what would you like to see in each verse:
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्त्वा ययौ व्यासो धृतराष्ट्राय धीमते ।
धृतराष्ट्रोऽपि तच्छ्रुत्वा ध्यानमेवान्वपद्यत ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktvā yayau vyāso dhṛtarāṣṭrāya dhīmate ,
dhṛtarāṣṭro'pi tacchrutvā dhyānamevānvapadyata.
1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca evam uktvā yayau vyāsaḥ dhṛtarāṣṭrāya
dhīmate dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ api tat śrutvā dhyānam eva anvapadyata
1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca.
vyāsaḥ evam uktvā dhīmate dhṛtarāṣṭrāya yayau.
dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ api tat śrutvā dhyānam eva anvapadyata.
1. Vaiśampāyana said: Having spoken thus, Vyāsa departed to the wise Dhṛtarāṣṭra. Dhṛtarāṣṭra, having heard that, then resorted solely to meditation (dhyāna).
स मुहूर्तमिव ध्यात्वा विनिःश्वस्य मुहुर्मुहुः ।
संजयं संशितात्मानमपृच्छद्भरतर्षभ ॥२॥
2. sa muhūrtamiva dhyātvā viniḥśvasya muhurmuhuḥ ,
saṁjayaṁ saṁśitātmānamapṛcchadbharatarṣabha.
2. sa muhūrtam iva dhyātvā viniḥśvasya muhuḥ muhuḥ
sañjayam saṃśitātmanam apṛcchat bharatarṣabha
2. sa bharatarṣabhaḥ muhūrtam iva dhyātvā muhuḥ
muhuḥ viniḥśvasya saṃśitātmanam sañjayam apṛcchat
2. He (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), the best among the Bharatas, having pondered for a moment, and sighing repeatedly, asked Sanjaya, who possessed a disciplined self (ātman).
संजयेमे महीपालाः शूरा युद्धाभिनन्दिनः ।
अन्योन्यमभिनिघ्नन्ति शस्त्रैरुच्चावचैरपि ॥३॥
3. saṁjayeme mahīpālāḥ śūrā yuddhābhinandinaḥ ,
anyonyamabhinighnanti śastrairuccāvacairapi.
3. sañjaya ime mahīpālāḥ śūrāḥ yuddhābhinandinaḥ
anyonnyam abhinighnanti śastraiḥ uccāvacaiḥ api
3. sañjaya ime śūrāḥ yuddhābhinandinaḥ mahīpālāḥ
anyonnyam uccāvacaiḥ śastraiḥ api abhinighnanti
3. O Sanjaya, these brave kings, who delight in battle, are striking each other with various kinds of weapons.
पार्थिवाः पृथिवीहेतोः समभित्यक्तजीविताः ।
न च शाम्यन्ति निघ्नन्तो वर्धयन्तो यमक्षयम् ॥४॥
4. pārthivāḥ pṛthivīhetoḥ samabhityaktajīvitāḥ ,
na ca śāmyanti nighnanto vardhayanto yamakṣayam.
4. pārthivāḥ pṛthivīhetoḥ samabhityaktajīvitāḥ na
ca śāmyanti nighnantaḥ vardhayantaḥ yamakṣayam
4. pārthivāḥ pṛthivīhetoḥ samabhityaktajīvitāḥ ca
na śāmyanti nighnantaḥ yamakṣayam vardhayantaḥ
4. These kings, for the sake of the earth (kingdom), have completely abandoned their lives. And yet, they do not cease killing, thus increasing the realm of Yama.
भौममैश्वर्यमिच्छन्तो न मृष्यन्ते परस्परम् ।
मन्ये बहुगुणा भूमिस्तन्ममाचक्ष्व संजय ॥५॥
5. bhaumamaiśvaryamicchanto na mṛṣyante parasparam ,
manye bahuguṇā bhūmistanmamācakṣva saṁjaya.
5. bhaumam aiśvaryam icchantaḥ na mṛṣyante parasparam
manye bahuguṇā bhūmiḥ tat mama ācakṣva sañjaya
5. bhaumam aiśvaryam icchantaḥ parasparam na mṛṣyante.
manye bhūmiḥ bahuguṇā.
tat mama ācakṣva sañjaya
5. Desiring earthly dominion, they do not tolerate one another. I consider this earth (bhūmi) to be extremely valuable; therefore, O Sanjaya, tell me about that.
बहूनि च सहस्राणि प्रयुतान्यर्बुदानि च ।
कोट्यश्च लोकवीराणां समेताः कुरुजाङ्गले ॥६॥
6. bahūni ca sahasrāṇi prayutānyarbudāni ca ,
koṭyaśca lokavīrāṇāṁ sametāḥ kurujāṅgale.
6. bahūni ca sahasrāṇi prayutāni arbudāni ca
koṭyaḥ ca lokavīrāṇām sametāḥ kurujāṅgale
6. ca bahūni sahasrāṇi ca prayutāni arbudāni
ca koṭyaḥ lokavīrāṇām kurujāṅgale sametāḥ
6. Many thousands, tens of thousands, hundreds of millions, and even crores of the world's heroes have assembled in Kuru-Jāṅgala.
देशानां च परीमाणं नगराणां च संजय ।
श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वेन यत एते समागताः ॥७॥
7. deśānāṁ ca parīmāṇaṁ nagarāṇāṁ ca saṁjaya ,
śrotumicchāmi tattvena yata ete samāgatāḥ.
7. deśānām ca parīmāṇam nagarāṇām ca sañjaya
śrotum icchāmi tattvena yataḥ ete samāgatāḥ
7. sañjaya ca deśānām ca nagarāṇām parīmāṇam
tattvena śrotum icchāmi yataḥ ete samāgatāḥ
7. O Sañjaya, I wish to hear precisely the extent of the countries and cities from which these (warriors) have assembled.
दिव्यबुद्धिप्रदीपेन युक्तस्त्वं ज्ञानचक्षुषा ।
प्रसादात्तस्य विप्रर्षेर्व्यासस्यामिततेजसः ॥८॥
8. divyabuddhipradīpena yuktastvaṁ jñānacakṣuṣā ,
prasādāttasya viprarṣervyāsasyāmitatejasaḥ.
8. divyabuddhipradīpena yuktaḥ tvam jñānacakṣuṣā
prasādāt tasya viprarṣeḥ vyāsasya amitatejasaḥ
8. tvam divyabuddhipradīpena jñānacakṣuṣā yuktaḥ
tasya amitatejasaḥ viprarṣeḥ vyāsasya prasādāt
8. You are endowed with the lamp of divine intellect and the eye of knowledge, by the grace of that seer among brahmins (viprarṣi), Vyāsa, who possesses immeasurable splendor.
संजय उवाच ।
यथाप्रज्ञं महाप्राज्ञ भौमान्वक्ष्यामि ते गुणान् ।
शास्त्रचक्षुरवेक्षस्व नमस्ते भरतर्षभ ॥९॥
9. saṁjaya uvāca ,
yathāprajñaṁ mahāprājña bhaumānvakṣyāmi te guṇān ,
śāstracakṣuravekṣasva namaste bharatarṣabha.
9. sañjaya uvāca yathāprajñam mahāprājña bhaumān vakṣyāmi
te guṇān śāstracakṣuḥ avekṣasva namaḥ te bharatarṣabha
9. sañjaya uvāca mahāprājña bharatarṣabha te yathāprajñam
bhaumān guṇān vakṣyāmi śāstracakṣuḥ avekṣasva te namaḥ
9. Sañjaya said: "O greatly wise one, O best of the Bhāratas (bharatarṣabha), I will recount to you, as far as my understanding permits, the earthly matters and qualities. Perceive them with the eye of scripture (śāstra). Salutations to you."
द्विविधानीह भूतानि त्रसानि स्थावराणि च ।
त्रसानां त्रिविधा योनिरण्डस्वेदजरायुजाः ॥१०॥
10. dvividhānīha bhūtāni trasāni sthāvarāṇi ca ,
trasānāṁ trividhā yoniraṇḍasvedajarāyujāḥ.
10. dvividhāni iha bhūtāni trasāni sthāvarāṇi ca
| trasānām trividhā yoniḥ aṇḍasvedajarāyujāḥ
10. iha bhūtāni dvividhāni (santi) trasāni ca sthāvarāṇi (ca)
trasānām yoniḥ trividhā (asti) - aṇḍasvedajarāyujāḥ (ca)
10. Here, living beings are of two types: moving and stationary. Of the moving beings, the origin (yoni) is threefold: egg-born, sweat-born, and womb-born.
त्रसानां खलु सर्वेषां श्रेष्ठा राजञ्जरायुजाः ।
जरायुजानां प्रवरा मानवाः पशवश्च ये ॥११॥
11. trasānāṁ khalu sarveṣāṁ śreṣṭhā rājañjarāyujāḥ ,
jarāyujānāṁ pravarā mānavāḥ paśavaśca ye.
11. trasānām khalu sarveṣām śreṣṭhāḥ rājan jarāyujāḥ
| jarāyujānām pravarāḥ mānavāḥ paśavaḥ ca ye
11. rājan khalu sarveṣām trasānām jarāyujāḥ śreṣṭhāḥ (santi) ye
ca mānavāḥ paśavaḥ (santi te) jarāyujānām pravarāḥ (santi)
11. Indeed, O King, among all moving beings, the womb-born are the best. Among the womb-born, humans and animals are considered the most prominent.
नानारूपाणि बिभ्राणास्तेषां भेदाश्चतुर्दश ।
अरण्यवासिनः सप्त सप्तैषां ग्रामवासिनः ॥१२॥
12. nānārūpāṇi bibhrāṇāsteṣāṁ bhedāścaturdaśa ,
araṇyavāsinaḥ sapta saptaiṣāṁ grāmavāsinaḥ.
12. nānārūpāṇi bibhrāṇāḥ teṣām bhedāḥ caturdaśa
| araṇyavāsinaḥ sapta sapta eṣām grāmavāsinaḥ
12. nānārūpāṇi bibhrāṇāḥ teṣām bhedāḥ caturdaśa (santi) eṣām
sapta araṇyavāsinaḥ (santi) ca sapta grāmavāsinaḥ (santi)
12. Assuming various forms, they have fourteen divisions. Seven of these are forest-dwellers, and seven are village-dwellers.
सिंहव्याघ्रवराहाश्च महिषा वारणास्तथा ।
ऋक्षाश्च वानराश्चैव सप्तारण्याः स्मृता नृप ॥१३॥
13. siṁhavyāghravarāhāśca mahiṣā vāraṇāstathā ,
ṛkṣāśca vānarāścaiva saptāraṇyāḥ smṛtā nṛpa.
13. siṃhavyāghravarāhāḥ ca mahiṣāḥ vāraṇāḥ tathā |
ṛkṣāḥ ca vānarāḥ ca eva sapta āraṇyāḥ smṛtāḥ nṛpa
13. nṛpa,
siṃhavyāghravarāhāḥ ca mahiṣāḥ tathā vāraṇāḥ ca ṛkṣāḥ ca vānarāḥ ca eva (ete) sapta āraṇyāḥ smṛtāḥ (santi)
13. Lions, tigers, boars, buffaloes, elephants, bears, and monkeys—these seven, O King, are remembered as forest-dwellers.
गौरजो मनुजो मेषो वाज्यश्वतरगर्दभाः ।
एते ग्राम्याः समाख्याताः पशवः सप्त साधुभिः ॥१४॥
14. gaurajo manujo meṣo vājyaśvataragardabhāḥ ,
ete grāmyāḥ samākhyātāḥ paśavaḥ sapta sādhubhiḥ.
14. gauḥ ajaḥ manu-jaḥ meṣaḥ vājī aśvatara-gardabhāḥ
ete grāmyāḥ samākhyātāḥ paśavaḥ sapta sādhubhiḥ
14. sādhubhiḥ ete gauḥ,
ajaḥ,
manu-jaḥ,
meṣaḥ,
vājī,
aśvatara-gardabhāḥ sapta grāmyāḥ paśavaḥ samākhyātāḥ
14. Cows, goats, humans, sheep, horses, mules, and donkeys—these seven domestic animals are thus declared by the sages.
एते वै पशवो राजन्ग्राम्यारण्याश्चतुर्दश ।
वेदोक्ताः पृथिवीपाल येषु यज्ञाः प्रतिष्ठिताः ॥१५॥
15. ete vai paśavo rājangrāmyāraṇyāścaturdaśa ,
vedoktāḥ pṛthivīpāla yeṣu yajñāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ.
15. ete vai paśavaḥ rājan grāmya-araṇyāḥ ca caturdaśa
veda-uktāḥ pṛthivī-pāla yeṣu yajñāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ
15. rājan pṛthivī-pāla,
ete vai grāmya-araṇyāḥ ca caturdaśa veda-uktāḥ paśavaḥ,
yeṣu yajñāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ
15. O King, O protector of the earth, these are indeed the fourteen domestic and wild animals, as declared in the Vedas, upon which the Vedic sacrifices (yajñas) are performed.
ग्राम्याणां पुरुषः श्रेष्ठः सिंहश्चारण्यवासिनाम् ।
सर्वेषामेव भूतानामन्योन्येनाभिजीवनम् ॥१६॥
16. grāmyāṇāṁ puruṣaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ siṁhaścāraṇyavāsinām ,
sarveṣāmeva bhūtānāmanyonyenābhijīvanam.
16. grāmyāṇām puruṣaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ siṃhaḥ ca araṇya-vāsinām
sarveṣām eva bhūtānām anyonyena abhijīvanam
16. grāmyāṇām puruṣaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ,
ca araṇya-vāsinām siṃhaḥ (śreṣṭhaḥ).
sarveṣām eva bhūtānām anyonyena abhijīvanam (bhavati).
16. Among domestic creatures, the human (puruṣa) is supreme, and among forest-dwellers, the lion is supreme. Indeed, the subsistence of all beings is based on mutual dependence.
उद्भिज्जाः स्थावराः प्रोक्तास्तेषां पञ्चैव जातयः ।
वृक्षगुल्मलतावल्ल्यस्त्वक्सारास्तृणजातयः ॥१७॥
17. udbhijjāḥ sthāvarāḥ proktāsteṣāṁ pañcaiva jātayaḥ ,
vṛkṣagulmalatāvallyastvaksārāstṛṇajātayaḥ.
17. udbhij-jāḥ sthāvarāḥ proktāḥ teṣām pañca eva
jātayaḥ vṛkṣagulmalatāvallyaḥ tvaksārāḥ tṛṇajātayaḥ
17. udbhij-jāḥ sthāvarāḥ proktāḥ.
teṣām pañca eva jātayaḥ (santi): vṛkṣagulmalatāvallyaḥ,
tvaksārāḥ,
tṛṇajātayaḥ.
17. Plants (udbhijja), which are immobile (sthāvara) beings, are declared to be of five kinds: trees, shrubs, creepers/vines, hollow-stemmed plants, and grass species.
एषां विंशतिरेकोना महाभूतेषु पञ्चसु ।
चतुर्विंशतिरुद्दिष्टा गायत्री लोकसंमता ॥१८॥
18. eṣāṁ viṁśatirekonā mahābhūteṣu pañcasu ,
caturviṁśatiruddiṣṭā gāyatrī lokasaṁmatā.
18. eṣām viṃśatiḥ ekonā mahābhūteṣu pañcasu |
caturviṃśatiḥ uddiṣṭā gāyatrī lokasaṃmatā
18. eṣām pañcasu mahābhūteṣu ekonā viṃśatiḥ
lokasaṃmatā gāyatrī caturviṃśatiḥ uddiṣṭā
18. Among these, nineteen [categories] are present within the five great elements (mahābhūta). The Gāyatrī, universally acknowledged, is declared to be twenty-four.
य एतां वेद गायत्रीं पुण्यां सर्वगुणान्विताम् ।
तत्त्वेन भरतश्रेष्ठ स लोकान्न प्रणश्यति ॥१९॥
19. ya etāṁ veda gāyatrīṁ puṇyāṁ sarvaguṇānvitām ,
tattvena bharataśreṣṭha sa lokānna praṇaśyati.
19. yaḥ etām veda gāyatrīm puṇyām sarvaguṇānvitām |
tattvena bharataśreṣṭha saḥ lokān na praṇaśyati
19. bharataśreṣṭha yaḥ etām puṇyām sarvaguṇānvitām
gāyatrīm tattvena veda saḥ lokān na praṇaśyati
19. O best among the Bhāratas (bharataśreṣṭha), he who truly understands this sacred Gāyatrī, which is endowed with all excellent qualities, does not perish from the worlds [of rebirth].
भूमौ हि जायते सर्वं भूमौ सर्वं प्रणश्यति ।
भूमिः प्रतिष्ठा भूतानां भूमिरेव परायणम् ॥२०॥
20. bhūmau hi jāyate sarvaṁ bhūmau sarvaṁ praṇaśyati ,
bhūmiḥ pratiṣṭhā bhūtānāṁ bhūmireva parāyaṇam.
20. bhūmau hi jāyate sarvam bhūmau sarvam praṇaśyati
| bhūmiḥ pratiṣṭhā bhūtānām bhūmiḥ eva parāyaṇam
20. hi sarvam bhūmau jāyate,
sarvam bhūmau praṇaśyati bhūmiḥ bhūtānām pratiṣṭhā,
bhūmiḥ eva parāyaṇam
20. Indeed, everything originates on earth, and everything perishes on earth. The earth is the foundation of all beings, and the earth alone is their ultimate resort.
यस्य भूमिस्तस्य सर्वं जगत्स्थावरजङ्गमम् ।
तत्राभिगृद्धा राजानो विनिघ्नन्तीतरेतरम् ॥२१॥
21. yasya bhūmistasya sarvaṁ jagatsthāvarajaṅgamam ,
tatrābhigṛddhā rājāno vinighnantītaretaram.
21. yasya bhūmiḥ tasya sarvam jagat sthāvarajaṅgamam
| tatra abhigṛddhā rājānaḥ vinighnanti itaretaram
21. yasya bhūmiḥ tasya sarvam sthāvarajaṅgamam jagat
tatra abhigṛddhā rājānaḥ itaretaram vinighnanti
21. To whom the earth belongs, to him belongs the entire world, both animate and inanimate. Because of their extreme greed for it, kings kill one another there.