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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-128

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महेश्वर उवाच ।
तिलोत्तमा नाम पुरा ब्रह्मणा योषिदुत्तमा ।
तिलं तिलं समुद्धृत्य रत्नानां निर्मिता शुभा ॥१॥
1. maheśvara uvāca ,
tilottamā nāma purā brahmaṇā yoṣiduttamā ,
tilaṁ tilaṁ samuddhṛtya ratnānāṁ nirmitā śubhā.
1. maheśvaraḥ uvāca tilottamā nāma purā brahmaṇā yoṣit
uttamā tilam tilam samuddhṛtya ratnānām nirmitā śubhā
1. Maheśvara said: 'Formerly, a most excellent and beautiful woman named Tilottamā was created by Brahmā, who fashioned her by gathering up individual 'bits' (tila) of jewels, one by one.'
साभ्यगच्छत मां देवि रूपेणाप्रतिमा भुवि ।
प्रदक्षिणं लोभयन्ती मां शुभे रुचिरानना ॥२॥
2. sābhyagacchata māṁ devi rūpeṇāpratimā bhuvi ,
pradakṣiṇaṁ lobhayantī māṁ śubhe rucirānanā.
2. sā abhyagacchata mām devi rūpeṇa apratimā bhuvi
pradakṣiṇam lobhayantī mām śubhe rucirānanā
2. O goddess, she approached me with a form unequalled on earth, enticing me by circumambulating me. O auspicious one with a charming face.
यतो यतः सा सुदती मामुपाधावदन्तिके ।
ततस्ततो मुखं चारु मम देवि विनिर्गतम् ॥३॥
3. yato yataḥ sā sudatī māmupādhāvadantike ,
tatastato mukhaṁ cāru mama devi vinirgatam.
3. yataḥ yataḥ sā sudatī mām upādhāvat antike
tataḥ tataḥ mukham cāru mama devi vinirgatam
3. O goddess, wherever that beautiful-toothed one ran near me, from that direction a lovely face of mine emerged.
तां दिदृक्षुरहं योगाच्चतुर्मूर्तित्वमागतः ।
चतुर्मुखश्च संवृत्तो दर्शयन्योगमात्मनः ॥४॥
4. tāṁ didṛkṣurahaṁ yogāccaturmūrtitvamāgataḥ ,
caturmukhaśca saṁvṛtto darśayanyogamātmanaḥ.
4. tām didṛkṣuḥ aham yogāt caturmūrtitvam āgataḥ
caturmukhaḥ ca saṃvṛttaḥ darśayan yogam ātmanaḥ
4. Wishing to see her, I, through my spiritual discipline (yoga), attained a four-bodied form. I thus became four-faced, demonstrating my own spiritual power (yoga).
पूर्वेण वदनेनाहमिन्द्रत्वमनुशास्मि ह ।
उत्तरेण त्वया सार्धं रमाम्यहमनिन्दिते ॥५॥
5. pūrveṇa vadanenāhamindratvamanuśāsmi ha ,
uttareṇa tvayā sārdhaṁ ramāmyahamanindite.
5. pūrveṇa vadanena aham indratvam anuśāsmi ha
uttareṇa tvayā sārdham ramāmi aham anindite
5. With my eastern face, I indeed govern the position of Indra. O blameless one, with my northern face, I rejoice together with you.
पश्चिमं मे मुखं सौम्यं सर्वप्राणिसुखावहम् ।
दक्षिणं भीमसंकाशं रौद्रं संहरति प्रजाः ॥६॥
6. paścimaṁ me mukhaṁ saumyaṁ sarvaprāṇisukhāvaham ,
dakṣiṇaṁ bhīmasaṁkāśaṁ raudraṁ saṁharati prajāḥ.
6. paścimam me mukham saumyam sarvaprāṇisukhāvaham
dakṣiṇam bhīmasaṃkāśam raudram saṃharati prajāḥ
6. me paścimam mukham saumyam sarvaprāṇisukhāvaham
dakṣiṇam bhīmasaṃkāśam raudram prajāḥ saṃharati
6. My western face is gentle and brings happiness to all beings. My southern face is terrifying and fierce, destroying creatures.
जटिलो ब्रह्मचारी च लोकानां हितकाम्यया ।
देवकार्यार्थसिद्ध्यर्थं पिनाकं मे करे स्थितम् ॥७॥
7. jaṭilo brahmacārī ca lokānāṁ hitakāmyayā ,
devakāryārthasiddhyarthaṁ pinākaṁ me kare sthitam.
7. jaṭilaḥ brahmacārī ca lokānām hitakāmyayā
devakāryārthasiddhyartham pinākam me kare sthitam
7. jaṭilaḥ brahmacārī ca lokānām hitakāmyayā
devakāryārthasiddhyartham me pinākam kare sthitam
7. With matted hair and living as a celibate (brahmacārī), for the sake of the welfare of the worlds and for the accomplishment of the gods' purpose, my Pināka (bow) is held in my hand.
इन्द्रेण च पुरा वज्रं क्षिप्तं श्रीकाङ्क्षिणा मम ।
दग्ध्वा कण्ठं तु तद्यातं तेन श्रीकण्ठता मम ॥८॥
8. indreṇa ca purā vajraṁ kṣiptaṁ śrīkāṅkṣiṇā mama ,
dagdhvā kaṇṭhaṁ tu tadyātaṁ tena śrīkaṇṭhatā mama.
8. indreṇa ca purā vajram kṣiptam śrīkāṅkṣiṇā mama
dagdhvā kaṇṭham tu tat yātam tena śrīkaṇṭhatā mama
8. ca purā śrīkāṅkṣiṇā indreṇa mama vajram kṣiptam tu
dagdhvā kaṇṭham tat yātam tena mama śrīkaṇṭhatā
8. And formerly, by Indra, who desired glory (śrī), the thunderbolt was thrown at me. Having burnt my throat, it departed. Therefore, the designation of Śrīkaṇṭha (the glorious-throated one) came to be mine.
उमोवाच ।
वाहनेषु प्रभूतेषु श्रीमत्स्वन्येषु सत्सु ते ।
कथं गोवृषभो देव वाहनत्वमुपागतः ॥९॥
9. umovāca ,
vāhaneṣu prabhūteṣu śrīmatsvanyeṣu satsu te ,
kathaṁ govṛṣabho deva vāhanatvamupāgataḥ.
9. umā uvāca vāhaneṣu prabhūteṣu śrīmatsu anyeṣu
satsu te katham govṛṣabhaḥ deva vāhanatvam upāgataḥ
9. umā uvāca deva te prabhūteṣu śrīmatsu anyeṣu
vāhaneṣu satsu katham govṛṣabhaḥ vāhanatvam upāgataḥ
9. Umā spoke: 'O god, when there are many other splendid vehicles available to you, how did a bull come to be your mount?'
महेश्वर उवाच ।
सुरभीं ससृजे ब्रह्मामृतधेनुं पयोमुचम् ।
सा सृष्टा बहुधा जाता क्षरमाणा पयोऽमृतम् ॥१०॥
10. maheśvara uvāca ,
surabhīṁ sasṛje brahmāmṛtadhenuṁ payomucam ,
sā sṛṣṭā bahudhā jātā kṣaramāṇā payo'mṛtam.
10. maheśvaraḥ uvāca surabhīm sasṛje brahmā amṛtadhenum
payomucam sā sṛṣṭā bahudhā jātā kṣaramāṇā payaḥ amṛtam
10. maheśvaraḥ uvāca brahmā amṛtadhenum payomucam surabhīm
sasṛje sā sṛṣṭā bahudhā jātā payaḥ amṛtam kṣaramāṇā
10. Maheśvara said: Brahmā created Surabhī, the immortal cow (amṛtadhenu) yielding milk. She, being created, multiplied in many ways, constantly exuding immortal milk.
तस्या वत्समुखोत्सृष्टः फेनो मद्गात्रमागतः ।
ततो दग्धा मया गावो नानावर्णत्वमागताः ॥११॥
11. tasyā vatsamukhotsṛṣṭaḥ pheno madgātramāgataḥ ,
tato dagdhā mayā gāvo nānāvarṇatvamāgatāḥ.
11. tasyāḥ vatsamukha utsuṣṭaḥ phenaḥ mat-gātram āgataḥ
tataḥ dagdhā mayā gāvaḥ nānāvarṇatvam āgatāḥ
11. tasyāḥ vatsamukha utsuṣṭaḥ phenaḥ mat-gātram āgataḥ
tataḥ mayā dagdhāḥ gāvaḥ nānāvarṇatvam āgatāḥ
11. The foam released from the mouth of her calf landed on my body. Consequently, the cows were burnt by me and became multi-colored.
ततोऽहं लोकगुरुणा शमं नीतोऽर्थवेदिना ।
वृषं चेमं ध्वजार्थं मे ददौ वाहनमेव च ॥१२॥
12. tato'haṁ lokaguruṇā śamaṁ nīto'rthavedinā ,
vṛṣaṁ cemaṁ dhvajārthaṁ me dadau vāhanameva ca.
12. tataḥ aham lokaguruṇā śamam nītaḥ arthavedinā
vṛṣam ca imam dhvajārtham me dadau vāhanam eva ca
12. tataḥ aham lokaguruṇā arthavedinā śamam nītaḥ ca
imam vṛṣam me dhvajārtham vāhanam eva ca dadau
12. Then I was pacified by the world's preceptor (guru), who understands the true purpose. He also gave me this bull, to be both my emblem and my vehicle.
उमोवाच ।
निवासा बहुरूपास्ते विश्वरूपगुणान्विताः ।
तांश्च संत्यज्य भगवञ्श्मशाने रमसे कथम् ॥१३॥
13. umovāca ,
nivāsā bahurūpāste viśvarūpaguṇānvitāḥ ,
tāṁśca saṁtyajya bhagavañśmaśāne ramase katham.
13. umā uvāca nivāsāḥ bahurūpāḥ te viśvarūpaguṇānvitāḥ
tān ca saṃtyajya bhagavan śmaśāne ramase katham
13. umā uvāca te nivāsāḥ bahurūpāḥ viśvarūpaguṇānvitāḥ
ca tān saṃtyajya bhagavan katham śmaśāne ramase
13. Umā said: Your residences are numerous, endowed with qualities of the universal form. O Lord (bhagavan), how is it that you abandon them and delight in the cremation ground?
केशास्थिकलिले भीमे कपालघटसंकुले ।
गृध्रगोमायुकलिले चिताग्निशतसंकुले ॥१४॥
14. keśāsthikalile bhīme kapālaghaṭasaṁkule ,
gṛdhragomāyukalile citāgniśatasaṁkule.
14. keśāsthikalile bhīme kapālaghaṭasaṃkule
gṛdhragomāyukalile citāgniśatasaṃkule
14. keśāsthikalile bhīme kapālaghaṭasaṃkule
gṛdhragomāyukalile citāgniśatasaṃkule
14. It is terrifying, filled with hair and bones, crowded with skulls and pots, teeming with vultures and jackals, and full of hundreds of pyre fires.
अशुचौ मांसकलिले वसाशोणितकर्दमे ।
विनिकीर्णामिषचये शिवानादविनादिते ॥१५॥
15. aśucau māṁsakalile vasāśoṇitakardame ,
vinikīrṇāmiṣacaye śivānādavinādite.
15. aśucau māṃsakalile vasāśoṇitakardame
vinikīrṇāmiṣacaye śivānādavinādite
15. aśucau māṃsakalile vasāśoṇitakardame
vinikīrṇāmiṣacaye śivānādavinādite
15. It is impure, filled with flesh, mired in fat and blood, with scattered heaps of raw meat, and made resonant by the howls of jackals.
महेश्वर उवाच ।
मेध्यान्वेषी महीं कृत्स्नां विचरामि निशास्वहम् ।
न च मेध्यतरं किंचिच्छ्मशानादिह विद्यते ॥१६॥
16. maheśvara uvāca ,
medhyānveṣī mahīṁ kṛtsnāṁ vicarāmi niśāsvaham ,
na ca medhyataraṁ kiṁcicchmaśānādiha vidyate.
16. maheśvara uvāca medhya anveṣī mahīm kṛtsnām vicarāmi
niśāsu aham na ca medhyataram kiṃcit śmaśānāt iha vidyate
16. aham medhya anveṣī kṛtsnām mahīm niśāsu vicarāmi
ca iha śmaśānāt kiṃcit medhyataram na vidyate
16. Maheśvara said: 'I, searching for purity, wander the entire earth at night. And here, nothing purer than a cremation ground exists.'
तेन मे सर्ववासानां श्मशाने रमते मनः ।
न्यग्रोधशाखासंछन्ने निर्भुक्तस्रग्विभूषिते ॥१७॥
17. tena me sarvavāsānāṁ śmaśāne ramate manaḥ ,
nyagrodhaśākhāsaṁchanne nirbhuktasragvibhūṣite.
17. tena me sarvavāsānām śmaśāne ramate manaḥ
nyagrodhaśākhāsaṃchanne nirbhuktasragvibhūṣite
17. tena me manaḥ sarvavāsānām śmaśāne ramate
nyagrodhaśākhāsaṃchanne nirbhuktasragvibhūṣite
17. Therefore, my mind delights in the cremation ground, among all dwellings. [It is a place] covered by banyan tree branches and adorned with used garlands.
तत्र चैव रमन्ते मे भूतसंघाः शुभानने ।
न च भूतगणैर्देवि विनाहं वस्तुमुत्सहे ॥१८॥
18. tatra caiva ramante me bhūtasaṁghāḥ śubhānane ,
na ca bhūtagaṇairdevi vināhaṁ vastumutsahe.
18. tatra ca eva ramante me bhūtasaṃghāḥ śubhānanē
na ca bhūtagaṇaiḥ dēvi vinā aham vastum utsahē
18. śubhānanē me bhūtasaṃghāḥ tatra eva ramante ca
dēvi aham bhūtagaṇaiḥ vinā vastum na utsahē
18. And there, O fair-faced one, my hosts of beings indeed delight. Nor, O goddess, am I able to exist without these multitudes of beings.
एष वासो हि मे मेध्यः स्वर्गीयश्च मतो हि मे ।
पुण्यः परमकश्चैव मेध्यकामैरुपास्यते ॥१९॥
19. eṣa vāso hi me medhyaḥ svargīyaśca mato hi me ,
puṇyaḥ paramakaścaiva medhyakāmairupāsyate.
19. ēṣaḥ vāsaḥ hi me mēdhyaḥ svargīyaḥ ca mataḥ hi
me puṇyaḥ paramakaḥ ca eva mēdhyakāmaiḥ upāsyatē
19. hi ēṣaḥ me vāsaḥ mēdhyaḥ ca svargīyaḥ me mataḥ
hi puṇyaḥ ca eva paramakaḥ mēdhyakāmaiḥ upāsyatē
19. Indeed, this abode of mine is considered by me to be pure (mēdhya) and leading to heaven. It is supremely meritorious and worshipped by those who desire purity.
उमोवाच ।
भगवन्सर्वभूतेश सर्वधर्मभृतां वर ।
पिनाकपाणे वरद संशयो मे महानयम् ॥२०॥
20. umovāca ,
bhagavansarvabhūteśa sarvadharmabhṛtāṁ vara ,
pinākapāṇe varada saṁśayo me mahānayam.
20. umā uvāca bhagavan sarvabhūtēśa sarvadharma bhṛtām
vara pinākapāṇe varada saṃśayaḥ me mahān ayam
20. umā uvāca bhagavan sarvabhūtēśa sarvadharma bhṛtām vara pinākapāṇe varada,
ayam me mahān saṃśayaḥ (asti)
20. Uma said: O Lord (bhagavan), Lord of all beings, O best among all upholders of (dharma), O wielder of the Pinaka bow, O giver of boons, I have this great doubt.
अयं मुनिगणः सर्वस्तपस्तप इति प्रभो ।
तपोन्वेषकरो लोके भ्रमते विविधाकृतिः ॥२१॥
21. ayaṁ munigaṇaḥ sarvastapastapa iti prabho ,
taponveṣakaro loke bhramate vividhākṛtiḥ.
21. ayam munigaṇaḥ sarvaḥ tapaḥ tapaḥ iti prabho
tapoanvēṣakaraḥ lōkē bhramate vividhākṛtiḥ
21. prabho,
ayam sarvaḥ munigaṇaḥ tapaḥ tapaḥ iti (vadantaḥ) lōkē vividhākṛtiḥ tapoanvēṣakaraḥ bhramate
21. O Lord (prabhu), this entire host of sages wanders in the world, exclaiming 'austerity (tapas)! austerity (tapas)!' and seeking (tapas), appearing in various forms.
अस्य चैवर्षिसंघस्य मम च प्रियकाम्यया ।
एतं ममेह संदेहं वक्तुमर्हस्यरिंदम ॥२२॥
22. asya caivarṣisaṁghasya mama ca priyakāmyayā ,
etaṁ mameha saṁdehaṁ vaktumarhasyariṁdama.
22. asya ca eva ṛṣisaṃghasya mama ca priyakāmyayā
etam mama iha saṃdeham vaktum arhasi arindama
22. arindama asya eva ṛṣisaṃghasya ca mama ca
priyakāmyayā iha etam mama saṃdeham vaktum arhasi
22. O conqueror of enemies, for the welfare of this assembly of sages and for my own sake, you should clarify this doubt that I have here.
धर्मः किंलक्षणः प्रोक्तः कथं वाचरितुं नरैः ।
शक्यो धर्ममविन्दद्भिर्धर्मज्ञ वद मे प्रभो ॥२३॥
23. dharmaḥ kiṁlakṣaṇaḥ proktaḥ kathaṁ vācarituṁ naraiḥ ,
śakyo dharmamavindadbhirdharmajña vada me prabho.
23. dharmaḥ kiṃlakṣaṇaḥ proktaḥ katham vā ācaritum naraiḥ
śakyaḥ dharmam avindadbhiḥ dharmajña vada me prabho
23. dharmajña prabho dharmaḥ kiṃlakṣaṇaḥ proktaḥ vā dharmam
avindadbhiḥ naraiḥ katham ācaritum śakyaḥ vada me
23. O knower of (dharma), O Lord, what are the characteristics of this intrinsic nature (dharma) said to be? And how can it be practiced by people who do not grasp this intrinsic nature (dharma)? Please tell me.
नारद उवाच ।
ततो मुनिगणः सर्वस्तां देवीं प्रत्यपूजयत् ।
वाग्भिरृग्भूषितार्थाभिः स्तवैश्चार्थविदां वर ॥२४॥
24. nārada uvāca ,
tato munigaṇaḥ sarvastāṁ devīṁ pratyapūjayat ,
vāgbhirṛgbhūṣitārthābhiḥ stavaiścārthavidāṁ vara.
24. nāradaḥ uvāca tataḥ munigaṇaḥ sarvaḥ tām devīm prati apūjayat
vāgbhiḥ ṛgbhūṣitārthābhiḥ stavaiḥ ca arthavidām vara
24. nāradaḥ uvāca arthavidām vara tataḥ sarvaḥ munigaṇaḥ vāgbhiḥ
ṛgbhūṣitārthābhiḥ ca stavaiḥ tām devīm prati apūjayat
24. Nārada said: Then, O best among those who understand meaning, all the assembly of sages honored that goddess. They praised her with words whose meanings were embellished by Vedic verses, and with hymns.
महेश्वर उवाच ।
अहिंसा सत्यवचनं सर्वभूतानुकम्पनम् ।
शमो दानं यथाशक्ति गार्हस्थ्यो धर्म उत्तमः ॥२५॥
25. maheśvara uvāca ,
ahiṁsā satyavacanaṁ sarvabhūtānukampanam ,
śamo dānaṁ yathāśakti gārhasthyo dharma uttamaḥ.
25. maheśvaraḥ uvāca ahiṃsā satyavacanam sarvabhūtānukampanam
śamaḥ dānam yathāśakti gārhasthyaḥ dharmaḥ uttamaḥ
25. maheśvaraḥ uvāca ahiṃsā satyavacanam sarvabhūtānukampanam
śamaḥ yathāśakti dānam ca gārhasthyaḥ uttamaḥ dharmaḥ
25. Maheśvara said: Non-violence, truthful speech, compassion for all beings, mental tranquility, and giving according to one's capacity - these constitute the excellent intrinsic nature (dharma) for a householder.
परदारेष्वसंकल्पो न्यासस्त्रीपरिरक्षणम् ।
अदत्तादानविरमो मधुमांसस्य वर्जनम् ॥२६॥
26. paradāreṣvasaṁkalpo nyāsastrīparirakṣaṇam ,
adattādānaviramo madhumāṁsasya varjanam.
26. para-dāreṣu asaṅkalpaḥ nyāsa-strī-parirakṣaṇam
a-dattā-dāna-viramaḥ madhu-māṃsasya varjanam
26. para-dāreṣu asaṅkalpaḥ nyāsa-strī-parirakṣaṇam
a-dattā-dāna-viramaḥ madhu-māṃsasya varjanam
26. Not coveting other men's wives, protecting women entrusted (as deposits), refraining from taking what has not been given, and avoiding honey and meat.
एष पञ्चविधो धर्मो बहुशाखः सुखोदयः ।
देहिभिर्धर्मपरमैः कर्तव्यो धर्मसंचयः ॥२७॥
27. eṣa pañcavidho dharmo bahuśākhaḥ sukhodayaḥ ,
dehibhirdharmaparamaiḥ kartavyo dharmasaṁcayaḥ.
27. eṣaḥ pañca-vidhaḥ dharmaḥ bahu-śākhaḥ sukha-udayaḥ
dehibhiḥ dharma-paramaiḥ kartavyaḥ dharma-sañcayaḥ
27. eṣaḥ pañca-vidhaḥ bahu-śākhaḥ sukha-udayaḥ dharmaḥ
dharma-paramaiḥ dehibhiḥ dharma-sañcayaḥ kartavyaḥ
27. This five-fold constitution (dharma), with its many branches, leads to happiness. It should be accumulated (practiced) by embodied beings who are supremely devoted to the constitution (dharma).
उमोवाच ।
भगवन्संशयं पृष्टस्तं मे व्याख्यातुमर्हसि ।
चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य यो धर्मः स्वे स्वे वर्णे गुणावहः ॥२८॥
28. umovāca ,
bhagavansaṁśayaṁ pṛṣṭastaṁ me vyākhyātumarhasi ,
cāturvarṇyasya yo dharmaḥ sve sve varṇe guṇāvahaḥ.
28. umā uvāca bhagavan saṃśayam pṛṣṭaḥ tam me vyākhyātum
arhasi cāturvarṇyasya yaḥ dharmaḥ sve sve varṇe guṇā-vahaḥ
28. umā uvāca bhagavan tam pṛṣṭaḥ saṃśayam me vyākhyātum
arhasi yaḥ cāturvarṇyasya dharmaḥ sve sve varṇe guṇā-vahaḥ
28. Umā spoke: 'O venerable one, I have asked a doubt; you ought to explain to me which constitution (dharma) of the four social classes (varṇas) is beneficial for each respective class.'
ब्राह्मणे कीदृशो धर्मः क्षत्रिये कीदृशो भवेत् ।
वैश्ये किंलक्षणो धर्मः शूद्रे किंलक्षणो भवेत् ॥२९॥
29. brāhmaṇe kīdṛśo dharmaḥ kṣatriye kīdṛśo bhavet ,
vaiśye kiṁlakṣaṇo dharmaḥ śūdre kiṁlakṣaṇo bhavet.
29. brāhmaṇe kīdṛśaḥ dharmaḥ kṣatriye kīdṛśaḥ bhavet
vaiśye kim-lakṣaṇaḥ dharmaḥ śūdre kim-lakṣaṇaḥ bhavet
29. brāhmaṇe dharmaḥ kīdṛśaḥ kṣatriye kīdṛśaḥ bhavet
vaiśye dharmaḥ kim-lakṣaṇaḥ śūdre kim-lakṣaṇaḥ bhavet
29. What kind of constitution (dharma) is appropriate for a brāhmaṇa, what kind for a kṣatriya? What characteristic of the constitution (dharma) for a vaiśya, and what characteristic for a śūdra?
महेश्वर उवाच ।
न्यायतस्ते महाभागे संशयः समुदीरितः ।
भूमिदेवा महाभागाः सदा लोके द्विजातयः ॥३०॥
30. maheśvara uvāca ,
nyāyataste mahābhāge saṁśayaḥ samudīritaḥ ,
bhūmidevā mahābhāgāḥ sadā loke dvijātayaḥ.
30. maheśvara uvāca nyāyatas te mahābhāge saṃśayaḥ
samudiritaḥ bhūmidevāḥ mahābhāgāḥ sadā loke dvijātayaḥ
30. maheśvara uvāca mahābhāge te saṃśayaḥ nyāyatas
samudiritaḥ dvijātayaḥ bhūmidevāḥ mahābhāgāḥ sadā loke
30. Maheśvara said: "O greatly fortunate one, your doubt has been properly raised. The twice-born (dvijātayaḥ), who are the gods of the earth, are always highly fortunate in this world."
उपवासः सदा धर्मो ब्राह्मणस्य न संशयः ।
स हि धर्मार्थमुत्पन्नो ब्रह्मभूयाय कल्पते ॥३१॥
31. upavāsaḥ sadā dharmo brāhmaṇasya na saṁśayaḥ ,
sa hi dharmārthamutpanno brahmabhūyāya kalpate.
31. upavāsaḥ sadā dharmaḥ brāhmaṇasya na saṃśayaḥ
saḥ hi dharmārtham utpannaḥ brahmabhūyāya kalpate
31. upavāsaḥ sadā brāhmaṇasya dharmaḥ na saṃśayaḥ
saḥ hi dharmārtham utpannaḥ brahmabhūyāya kalpate
31. Fasting is always the proper practice (dharma) for a Brahmin; there is no doubt about it. Such a Brahmin is indeed born for the sake of (dharma) and is qualified to attain the state of brahman.
तस्य धर्मक्रिया देवि व्रतचर्या च न्यायतः ।
तथोपनयनं चैव द्विजायैवोपपद्यते ॥३२॥
32. tasya dharmakriyā devi vratacaryā ca nyāyataḥ ,
tathopanayanaṁ caiva dvijāyaivopapadyate.
32. tasya dharmakriyā devi vratacaryā ca nyāyataḥ
tathā upanayanam ca eva dvijāya eva upapadyate
32. devi tasya dharmakriyā ca vratacaryā ca nyāyataḥ
tathā ca eva upanayanam dvijāya eva upapadyate
32. O goddess, his prescribed religious actions (dharma-kriyā) and the observance of vows are justly performed. Likewise, the sacred thread initiation (upanayana) is appropriate only for a twice-born (dvija).
गुरुदैवतपूजार्थं स्वाध्यायाभ्यसनात्मकः ।
देहिभिर्धर्मपरमैश्चर्तव्यो धर्मसंभवः ॥३३॥
33. gurudaivatapūjārthaṁ svādhyāyābhyasanātmakaḥ ,
dehibhirdharmaparamaiścartavyo dharmasaṁbhavaḥ.
33. gurudaivatapūjārtham svādhyāyābhyasanātmakaḥ
dehibhiḥ dharmaparāmaiḥ caritavyaḥ dharmasaṃbhavaḥ
33. gurudaivatapūjārtham svādhyāyābhyasanātmakaḥ
dharmasaṃbhavaḥ dehibhiḥ dharmaparāmaiḥ ca caritavyaḥ
33. That which arises from the natural law (dharma) - dedicated to the worship of preceptors and deities, and characterized by the diligent study of the Vedas - should be undertaken by embodied beings who are supremely devoted to their natural law (dharma).
उमोवाच ।
भगवन्संशयो मेऽत्र तं मे व्याख्यातुमर्हसि ।
चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य धर्मं हि नैपुण्येन प्रकीर्तय ॥३४॥
34. umovāca ,
bhagavansaṁśayo me'tra taṁ me vyākhyātumarhasi ,
cāturvarṇyasya dharmaṁ hi naipuṇyena prakīrtaya.
34. umā uvāca bhagavan saṃśayaḥ me atra tam me vyākhyātum
arhasi cāturvarṇyasya dharmam hi naipuṇyena prakīrtaya
34. umā uvāca bhagavan me atra saṃśayaḥ tam me vyākhyātum
arhasi hi cāturvarṇyasya dharmam naipuṇyena prakīrtaya
34. Uma said: "O Lord, I have a doubt regarding this; you should explain it to me. Indeed, describe with precision the natural law (dharma) of the four social classes."
महेश्वर उवाच ।
रहस्यश्रवणं धर्मो वेदव्रतनिषेवणम् ।
व्रतचर्यापरो धर्मो गुरुपादप्रसादनम् ॥३५॥
35. maheśvara uvāca ,
rahasyaśravaṇaṁ dharmo vedavrataniṣevaṇam ,
vratacaryāparo dharmo gurupādaprasādanam.
35. maheśvaraḥ uvāca rahasyaśravaṇam dharmaḥ vedavrataniṣevaṇam
vratacaryāparaḥ dharmaḥ gurupādaprasādanam
35. maheśvaraḥ uvāca rahasyaśravaṇam dharmaḥ vedavrataniṣevaṇam
vratacaryāparaḥ dharmaḥ gurupādaprasādanam
35. Maheśvara said: "Listening to confidential teachings is a natural law (dharma); observing the Vedic vows (vrata) is a natural law (dharma); dedicated adherence to vows is a natural law (dharma); and propitiating the feet of one's spiritual teacher (guru) is a natural law (dharma)."
भैक्षचर्यापरो धर्मो धर्मो नित्योपवासिता ।
नित्यस्वाध्यायिता धर्मो ब्रह्मचर्याश्रमस्तथा ॥३६॥
36. bhaikṣacaryāparo dharmo dharmo nityopavāsitā ,
nityasvādhyāyitā dharmo brahmacaryāśramastathā.
36. bhaikṣacaryāparaḥ dharmaḥ dharmaḥ nitya upavāsitā
nityasvādhyāyitā dharmaḥ brahmacarya āśramaḥ tathā
36. bhaikṣacaryāparaḥ dharmaḥ nitya upavāsitā dharmaḥ
nityasvādhyāyitā dharmaḥ tathā brahmacarya āśramaḥ
36. Devotion to begging for alms is a natural law (dharma); constant fasting is a natural law (dharma); consistent self-study (svādhyāya) is a natural law (dharma); and similarly, the stage of life (āśrama) of a celibate student (brahmacarya).
गुरुणा त्वभ्यनुज्ञातः समावर्तेत वै द्विजः ।
विन्देतानन्तरं भार्यामनुरूपां यथाविधि ॥३७॥
37. guruṇā tvabhyanujñātaḥ samāvarteta vai dvijaḥ ,
vindetānantaraṁ bhāryāmanurūpāṁ yathāvidhi.
37. guruṇā tu abhyanujñātaḥ samāvarteta vai dvijaḥ
vindeta anantaram bhāryām anurūpām yathāvidhi
37. tu guruṇā abhyanujñātaḥ dvijaḥ vai samāvarteta
anantaram anurūpām bhāryām yathāvidhi vindeta
37. But a twice-born (dvija), having been permitted by his spiritual teacher (guru), should indeed return (from the guru's residence). Thereafter, he should find a suitable wife in accordance with the prescribed rules.
शूद्रान्नवर्जनं धर्मस्तथा सत्पथसेवनम् ।
धर्मो नित्योपवासित्वं ब्रह्मचर्यं तथैव च ॥३८॥
38. śūdrānnavarjanaṁ dharmastathā satpathasevanam ,
dharmo nityopavāsitvaṁ brahmacaryaṁ tathaiva ca.
38. śūdrānnavarjanaṃ dharmaḥ tathā satpathasevanam
dharmaḥ nitya upavāsitvam brahmacaryam tathā eva ca
38. Avoidance of food from a śūdra is a religious duty (dharma), as is adherence to the path of the virtuous. Constant fasting is a religious duty (dharma), and likewise celibacy (brahmacarya).
आहिताग्निरधीयानो जुह्वानः संयतेन्द्रियः ।
विघसाशी यताहारो गृहस्थः सत्यवाक्शुचिः ॥३९॥
39. āhitāgniradhīyāno juhvānaḥ saṁyatendriyaḥ ,
vighasāśī yatāhāro gṛhasthaḥ satyavākśuciḥ.
39. āhitāgniḥ adhīyānaḥ juhvānaḥ saṃyata indriyaḥ
vighasa āśī yata āhāraḥ gṛhasthaḥ satyavāk śuciḥ
39. A householder (gṛhastha) is one who has consecrated the sacred fires, studies (the Vedas), performs Vedic fire rituals (homa), has controlled senses, eats remnants (after guests and dependents), has a regulated diet, is truthful in speech, and is pure.
अतिथिव्रतता धर्मो धर्मस्त्रेताग्निधारणम् ।
इष्टीश्च पशुबन्धांश्च विधिपूर्वं समाचरेत् ॥४०॥
40. atithivratatā dharmo dharmastretāgnidhāraṇam ,
iṣṭīśca paśubandhāṁśca vidhipūrvaṁ samācaret.
40. atithivratatā dharmaḥ dharmaḥ tretāgni dhāraṇam
iṣṭīḥ ca paśubandhān ca vidhipūrvam samācaret
40. Observance of the guest vow is a religious duty (dharma), and the maintenance of the three sacred fires is also a religious duty (dharma). One should perform the iṣṭi rituals and rituals involving animal offerings according to scriptural injunctions.
यज्ञश्च परमो धर्मस्तथाहिंसा च देहिषु ।
अपूर्वभोजनं धर्मो विघसाशित्वमेव च ॥४१॥
41. yajñaśca paramo dharmastathāhiṁsā ca dehiṣu ,
apūrvabhojanaṁ dharmo vighasāśitvameva ca.
41. yajñaḥ ca paramaḥ dharmaḥ tathā ahiṃsā ca dehiṣu
apūrvabhojanam dharmaḥ vighasāśitvam eva ca
41. The Vedic ritual (yajña) is the supreme religious duty (dharma), and so too is non-violence (ahiṃsā) towards embodied beings. Eating food that has not been eaten before (by others) is a religious duty (dharma), and indeed so is the practice of eating remnants.
भुक्ते परिजने पश्चाद्भोजनं धर्म उच्यते ।
ब्राह्मणस्य गृहस्थस्य श्रोत्रियस्य विशेषतः ॥४२॥
42. bhukte parijane paścādbhojanaṁ dharma ucyate ,
brāhmaṇasya gṛhasthasya śrotriyasya viśeṣataḥ.
42. bhukte parijane paścāt bhojanam dharmaḥ ucyate
brāhmaṇasya gṛhasthasya śrotriyasya viśeṣataḥ
42. गृहस्थस्य ब्राह्मणस्य श्रोत्रियस्य विशेषतः
परिजने भुक्ते पश्चात् भोजनम् धर्मः उच्यते
42. It is declared to be the proper conduct (dharma) for a householder, especially for a brāhmaṇa who is learned in the Vedas, to partake of his meal only after his dependents have eaten.
दंपत्योः समशीलत्वं धर्मश्च गृहमेधिनाम् ।
गृह्याणां चैव देवानां नित्यं पुष्पबलिक्रिया ॥४३॥
43. daṁpatyoḥ samaśīlatvaṁ dharmaśca gṛhamedhinām ,
gṛhyāṇāṁ caiva devānāṁ nityaṁ puṣpabalikriyā.
43. dampatyoḥ samaśīlatvam dharmaḥ ca gṛhamedhinām
gṛhyāṇām ca eva devānām nityam puṣpabalikriyā
43. दंपत्योः समशीलत्वम् च गृहमेधिनाम् धर्मःगृह्याणाम् देवानाम् च एव नित्यम् पुष्पबलिक्रिया।
43. The proper conduct (dharma) for householders includes the couple having a harmonious disposition, as well as the regular offering of flowers and oblations to the domestic deities.
नित्योपलेपनं धर्मस्तथा नित्योपवासिता ।
सुसंमृष्टोपलिप्ते च साज्यधूमोद्गमे गृहे ॥४४॥
44. nityopalepanaṁ dharmastathā nityopavāsitā ,
susaṁmṛṣṭopalipte ca sājyadhūmodgame gṛhe.
44. nityopalepanam dharmaḥ tathā nityopavāsitā
susaṃmṛṣṭopaliptae ca sājyadhūmodgame gṛhe
44. नित्योपलेपनम् धर्मः तथा नित्योपवासिता (च धर्मः)च गृहे सुसंमृष्टोपलिप्ते साज्यधूमोद्गमे (अवस्था अपि धर्मः)।
44. Daily smearing (of the dwelling) is considered proper conduct (dharma), and so too is constant fasting. Maintaining a home that is well-swept and smeared, and from which the smoke of ghee rises, is also part of this conduct.
एष द्विजजने धर्मो गार्हस्थ्यो लोकधारणः ।
द्विजातीनां सतां नित्यं सदैवैष प्रवर्तते ॥४५॥
45. eṣa dvijajane dharmo gārhasthyo lokadhāraṇaḥ ,
dvijātīnāṁ satāṁ nityaṁ sadaivaiṣa pravartate.
45. eṣaḥ dvijajane dharmaḥ gārhasthyaḥ lokadhāraṇaḥ
dvijātīnām satām nityam sadā eva eṣaḥ pravartate
45. एषः गार्हस्थ्यः लोकधारणः धर्मः द्विजजने (अस्ति)एषः द्विजातीनाम् सताम् नित्यम् सदा एव प्रवर्तते।
45. This householder's proper conduct (dharma), which sustains the world, is applicable to the twice-born. Indeed, this (dharma) always prevails among the virtuous among the twice-born.
यस्तु क्षत्रगतो देवि त्वया धर्म उदीरितः ।
तमहं ते प्रवक्ष्यामि तं मे शृणु समाहिता ॥४६॥
46. yastu kṣatragato devi tvayā dharma udīritaḥ ,
tamahaṁ te pravakṣyāmi taṁ me śṛṇu samāhitā.
46. yaḥ tu kṣatra-gataḥ devi tvayā dharmaḥ udīritaḥ
tam aham te pravakṣyāmi tam me śṛṇu samāhitā
46. devi tvayā yaḥ kṣatra-gataḥ dharmaḥ udīritaḥ
tam aham te pravakṣyāmi tam me samāhitā śṛṇu
46. O goddess, I shall now explain to you that natural law (dharma) which has been declared by you concerning the warrior class. Listen to it from me with concentrated attention.
क्षत्रियस्य स्मृतो धर्मः प्रजापालनमादितः ।
निर्दिष्टफलभोक्ता हि राजा धर्मेण युज्यते ॥४७॥
47. kṣatriyasya smṛto dharmaḥ prajāpālanamāditaḥ ,
nirdiṣṭaphalabhoktā hi rājā dharmeṇa yujyate.
47. kṣatriyasya smṛtaḥ dharmaḥ prajā-pālanam āditaḥ
nirdiṣṭa-phala-bhoktā hi rājā dharmeṇa yujyate
47. kṣatriyasya dharmaḥ āditaḥ prajā-pālanam smṛtaḥ
hi nirdiṣṭa-phala-bhoktā rājā dharmeṇa yujyate
47. The natural law (dharma) for a warrior (kṣatriya) is primarily remembered as the protection of subjects. Indeed, a king, being the enjoyer of the prescribed fruits (of rule), is endowed with this natural law (dharma).
प्रजाः पालयते यो हि धर्मेण मनुजाधिपः ।
तस्य धर्मार्जिता लोकाः प्रजापालनसंचिताः ॥४८॥
48. prajāḥ pālayate yo hi dharmeṇa manujādhipaḥ ,
tasya dharmārjitā lokāḥ prajāpālanasaṁcitāḥ.
48. prajāḥ pālayate yaḥ hi dharmeṇa manuja-adhipaḥ
tasya dharma-arjitāḥ lokāḥ prajā-pālana-saṃcitāḥ
48. yaḥ manuja-adhipaḥ hi dharmeṇa prajāḥ pālayate
tasya dharma-arjitāḥ prajā-pālana-saṃcitāḥ lokāḥ
48. The lord of men (manujādhipa) who protects his subjects according to natural law (dharma) - for him, worlds (lokas) are earned by that natural law (dharma), accumulated through the protection of his subjects.
तत्र राज्ञः परो धर्मो दमः स्वाध्याय एव च ।
अग्निहोत्रपरिस्पन्दो दानाध्ययनमेव च ॥४९॥
49. tatra rājñaḥ paro dharmo damaḥ svādhyāya eva ca ,
agnihotraparispando dānādhyayanameva ca.
49. tatra rājñaḥ paraḥ dharmaḥ damaḥ svādhyāyaḥ eva
ca agni-hotra-parispandaḥ dāna-adhyayanam eva ca
49. tatra rājñaḥ paraḥ dharmaḥ damaḥ svādhyāyaḥ eva
ca agni-hotra-parispandaḥ dāna-adhyayanam eva ca
49. In that context, for a king, the supreme natural law (dharma) is self-control and scriptural study. Furthermore, the performance of the agnihotra fire ritual, giving (dāna), and continued study are also enjoined.
यज्ञोपवीतधारणं यज्ञो धर्मक्रियास्तथा ।
भृत्यानां भरणं धर्मः कृते कर्मण्यमोघता ॥५०॥
50. yajñopavītadhāraṇaṁ yajño dharmakriyāstathā ,
bhṛtyānāṁ bharaṇaṁ dharmaḥ kṛte karmaṇyamoghatā.
50. yajñopavīta-dhāraṇam yajñaḥ dharma-kriyāḥ tathā
bhṛtyānām bharaṇam dharmaḥ kṛte karmaṇi amoghatā
50. yajñopavīta-dhāraṇam (dharmaḥ) yajñaḥ
(dharmaḥ) tathā dharma-kriyāḥ
(dharmaḥ) bhṛtyānām bharaṇam dharmaḥ
kṛte karmaṇi amoghatā (dharmaḥ)
50. The wearing of the sacred thread, the performance of a (Vedic ritual) yajña, and actions pertaining to one's natural law (dharma) are prescribed. Similarly, the maintenance of one's dependents is a duty (dharma), and unfailing effectiveness in actions undertaken is also considered a (dharma).
सम्यग्दण्डे स्थितिर्धर्मो धर्मो वेदक्रतुक्रियाः ।
व्यवहारस्थितिर्धर्मः सत्यवाक्यरतिस्तथा ॥५१॥
51. samyagdaṇḍe sthitirdharmo dharmo vedakratukriyāḥ ,
vyavahārasthitirdharmaḥ satyavākyaratistathā.
51. samyak-daṇḍe sthitiḥ dharmaḥ dharmaḥ veda-kratu-kriyāḥ
vyavahāra-sthitiḥ dharmaḥ satya-vākya-ratiḥ tathā
51. samyak-daṇḍe sthitiḥ dharmaḥ; veda-kratu-kriyāḥ dharmaḥ; vyavahāra-sthitiḥ dharmaḥ; tathā satya-vākya-ratiḥ (dharmaḥ).
51. Adherence to proper justice is a principle of natural law (dharma). Actions related to Vedic rituals (yajña) are a (dharma). Established legal and social conduct is a duty (dharma), and devotion to truthful speech is likewise a (dharma).
आर्तहस्तप्रदो राजा प्रेत्य चेह महीयते ।
गोब्राह्मणार्थे विक्रान्तः संग्रामे निधनं गतः ।
अश्वमेधजिताँल्लोकान्प्राप्नोति त्रिदिवालये ॥५२॥
52. ārtahastaprado rājā pretya ceha mahīyate ,
gobrāhmaṇārthe vikrāntaḥ saṁgrāme nidhanaṁ gataḥ ,
aśvamedhajitāँllokānprāpnoti tridivālaye.
52. ārta-hasta-pradaḥ rājā pretya ca iha
mahīyate go-brāhmaṇa-arthe vikrāntaḥ
saṃgrāme nidhanam gataḥ
aśvamedha-jitān lokān prāpnoti tridivālaye
52. rājā ārta-hasta-pradaḥ,
iha ca pretya mahīyate.
yaḥ go-brāhmaṇa-arthe vikrāntaḥ saṃgrāme nidhanam gataḥ,
saḥ tridivālaye aśvamedha-jitān lokān prāpnoti.
52. The king who extends a helping hand to the distressed is honored both in this world and after death. One who, valiant for the sake of cows and brahmins, meets death in battle, attains in the celestial abode the worlds won by performers of the (Vedic ritual) aśvamedha.
वैश्यस्य सततं धर्मः पाशुपाल्यं कृषिस्तथा ।
अग्निहोत्रपरिस्पन्दो दानाध्ययनमेव च ॥५३॥
53. vaiśyasya satataṁ dharmaḥ pāśupālyaṁ kṛṣistathā ,
agnihotraparispando dānādhyayanameva ca.
53. vaiśyasya satatam dharmaḥ pāśupālyam kṛṣiḥ tathā
agnihotra-parispandaḥ dāna-adhyayanam eva ca
53. vaiśyasya satatam dharmaḥ pāśupālyam,
kṛṣiḥ,
tathā agnihotra-parispandaḥ,
dāna-adhyayanam ca eva (asti).
53. For the vaiśya, the constant intrinsic nature (dharma) involves animal husbandry, agriculture, and similarly, the performance of the (Vedic fire ritual) agnihotra, along with giving (dāna) and studying (adhyayana).
वाणिज्यं सत्पथस्थानमातिथ्यं प्रशमो दमः ।
विप्राणां स्वागतं त्यागो वैश्यधर्मः सनातनः ॥५४॥
54. vāṇijyaṁ satpathasthānamātithyaṁ praśamo damaḥ ,
viprāṇāṁ svāgataṁ tyāgo vaiśyadharmaḥ sanātanaḥ.
54. vāṇijyam satpathasthānam ātithyam praśamaḥ damaḥ
viprāṇām svāgatam tyāgaḥ vaiśyadharmaḥ sanātanaḥ
54. vāṇijyam satpathasthānam ātithyam praśamaḥ damaḥ
viprāṇām svāgatam tyāgaḥ sanātanaḥ vaiśyadharmaḥ
54. Commerce, dwelling on the right path, hospitality, mental tranquility, self-restraint, welcoming Brahmins (vipras), and generosity - this is the eternal intrinsic nature (dharma) of a vaiśya.
तिलान्गन्धान्रसांश्चैव न विक्रीणीत वै क्वचित् ।
वणिक्पथमुपासीनो वैश्यः सत्पथमाश्रितः ॥५५॥
55. tilāngandhānrasāṁścaiva na vikrīṇīta vai kvacit ,
vaṇikpathamupāsīno vaiśyaḥ satpathamāśritaḥ.
55. tilān gandhān rasān ca eva na vikrīṇīta vai kvacit
vaṇikpatham upāsīnaḥ vaiśyaḥ satpatham āśritaḥ
55. vaiśyaḥ vaṇikpatham upāsīnaḥ satpatham āśritaḥ
tilān gandhān rasān ca eva kvacit vai na vikrīṇīta
55. One should never sell sesame, perfumes, or juices; a vaiśya, following the path of trade, should always resort to the right path.
सर्वातिथ्यं त्रिवर्गस्य यथाशक्ति यथार्हतः ।
शूद्रधर्मः परो नित्यं शुश्रूषा च द्विजातिषु ॥५६॥
56. sarvātithyaṁ trivargasya yathāśakti yathārhataḥ ,
śūdradharmaḥ paro nityaṁ śuśrūṣā ca dvijātiṣu.
56. sarvātithyam trivargasya yathāśakti yathārhati
śūdradharmaḥ paraḥ nityam śuśrūṣā ca dvijātiṣu
56. yathāśakti yathārhati trivargasya sarvātithyam
ca dvijātiṣu śuśrūṣā paraḥ nityam śūdradharmaḥ
56. Providing hospitality to all, according to one's capacity and suitability, to those pursuing the three aims of life; this is the supreme and eternal intrinsic nature (dharma) of a śūdra, along with service to the twice-born (dvijātis).
स शूद्रः संशिततपाः सत्यसंधो जितेन्द्रियः ।
शुश्रूषन्नतिथिं प्राप्तं तपः संचिनुते महत् ॥५७॥
57. sa śūdraḥ saṁśitatapāḥ satyasaṁdho jitendriyaḥ ,
śuśrūṣannatithiṁ prāptaṁ tapaḥ saṁcinute mahat.
57. saḥ śūdraḥ saṃśitatapāḥ satyasaṃdhaḥ jitendriyaḥ
śuśrūṣan atithim prāptam tapaḥ saṃcinute mahat
57. saḥ śūdraḥ saṃśitatapāḥ satyasaṃdhaḥ jitendriyaḥ
prāptam atithim śuśrūṣan mahat tapaḥ saṃcinute
57. That śūdra, who is firm in austerity, true to his vows, and has conquered his senses, accumulates great spiritual merit (tapas) by serving a guest who has arrived.
त्यक्तहिंसः शुभाचारो देवताद्विजपूजकः ।
शूद्रो धर्मफलैरिष्टैः संप्रयुज्येत बुद्धिमान् ॥५८॥
58. tyaktahiṁsaḥ śubhācāro devatādvijapūjakaḥ ,
śūdro dharmaphalairiṣṭaiḥ saṁprayujyeta buddhimān.
58. tyaktahiṃsaḥ śubhācāraḥ devatādvijapūjakaḥ śūdraḥ
dharmaphalaiḥ iṣṭaiḥ saṃprayujyeta buddhimān
58. buddhimān śūdraḥ tyaktahiṃsaḥ śubhācāraḥ
devatādvijapūjakaḥ iṣṭaiḥ dharmaphalaiḥ saṃprayujyeta
58. An intelligent (buddhimān) śūdra, who has abandoned violence, has good conduct, and worships deities and the twice-born, would be endowed with the desired fruits of natural law (dharma).
एतत्ते सर्वमाख्यातं चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य शोभने ।
एकैकस्येह सुभगे किमन्यच्छ्रोतुमिच्छसि ॥५९॥
59. etatte sarvamākhyātaṁ cāturvarṇyasya śobhane ,
ekaikasyeha subhage kimanyacchrotumicchasi.
59. etat te sarvam ākhyātam cāturvarṇyasya śobhane
ekaikasya iha subhage kim anyat śrotum icchasi
59. śobhane subhage te etat sarvam cāturvarṇyasya ekaikasya iha ākhyātam,
kim anyat śrotum icchasi?
59. O beautiful one (śobhane), all this concerning the four social classes has been explained to you, regarding each one (ekaikasya) here. O fortunate one (subhage), what else do you wish to hear?