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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-293

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वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु धृतराष्ट्रस्य वै सखा ।
सूतोऽधिरथ इत्येव सदारो जाह्नवीं ययौ ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
etasminneva kāle tu dhṛtarāṣṭrasya vai sakhā ,
sūto'dhiratha ityeva sadāro jāhnavīṁ yayau.
1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca | etasmin eva kāle tu dhṛtarāṣṭrasya
vai sakhā | sūtaḥ adhirathaḥ iti eva sadāraḥ jāhnavīṃ yayau
1. Vaishampayana said: At this very time, Adhiratha, who was Dhritarashtra's charioteer and friend, went to the Jahnavi (Ganga) accompanied by his wife.
तस्य भार्याभवद्राजन्रूपेणासदृशी भुवि ।
राधा नाम महाभागा न सा पुत्रमविन्दत ।
अपत्यार्थे परं यत्नमकरोच्च विशेषतः ॥२॥
2. tasya bhāryābhavadrājanrūpeṇāsadṛśī bhuvi ,
rādhā nāma mahābhāgā na sā putramavindata ,
apatyārthe paraṁ yatnamakarocca viśeṣataḥ.
2. tasya bhāryā abhavat rājan rūpeṇa
asadṛśī bhuvi rādhā nāma mahābhāgā
na sā putram avindata apatyārthe
param yatnam akarot ca viśeṣataḥ
2. O King, his wife, Radha by name, was exceedingly beautiful on earth and greatly blessed. However, she did not bear any sons, and thus she made extraordinary efforts, particularly, for the sake of having offspring.
सा ददर्शाथ मञ्जूषामुह्यमानां यदृच्छया ।
दत्तरक्षाप्रतिसरामन्वालभनशोभिताम् ।
ऊर्मीतरङ्गैर्जाह्नव्याः समानीतामुपह्वरम् ॥३॥
3. sā dadarśātha mañjūṣāmuhyamānāṁ yadṛcchayā ,
dattarakṣāpratisarāmanvālabhanaśobhitām ,
ūrmītaraṅgairjāhnavyāḥ samānītāmupahvaram.
3. sā dadarśa atha mañjūṣām uhyamānām
yadṛcchayā datta rakṣā pratisarām
anvālambhana śobhitām ūrmī
taraṅgaiḥ jāhnavyāḥ samānītām upahvaram
3. Then, by chance, she saw a casket being carried along, adorned with protective threads and consecrated by touch. It had been brought near the bank by the waves and surges of the Ganges (Jāhnavī).
सा तां कौतूहलात्प्राप्तां ग्राहयामास भामिनी ।
ततो निवेदयामास सूतस्याधिरथस्य वै ॥४॥
4. sā tāṁ kautūhalātprāptāṁ grāhayāmāsa bhāminī ,
tato nivedayāmāsa sūtasyādhirathasya vai.
4. sā tām kautūhalāt prāptām grāhayāmāsa bhāminī
tataḥ nivedayāmāsa sūtasya adhirathasya vai
4. Out of curiosity, the beautiful lady (Radha) had that retrieved (casket) brought to her, and then she reported the matter to Adhiratha, the charioteer.
स तामुद्धृत्य मञ्जूषामुत्सार्य जलमन्तिकात् ।
यन्त्रैरुद्घाटयामास सोऽपश्यत्तत्र बालकम् ॥५॥
5. sa tāmuddhṛtya mañjūṣāmutsārya jalamantikāt ,
yantrairudghāṭayāmāsa so'paśyattatra bālakam.
5. saḥ tām uddhṛtya mañjūṣām utsārya jalam antikāt
yantraiḥ udghāṭayāmāsa saḥ apaśyat tatra bālakam
5. Having taken that casket out (of the water) and removed the water from its vicinity, he opened it with instruments. Inside, he saw a child.
तरुणादित्यसंकाशं हेमवर्मधरं तथा ।
मृष्टकुण्डलयुक्तेन वदनेन विराजता ॥६॥
6. taruṇādityasaṁkāśaṁ hemavarmadharaṁ tathā ,
mṛṣṭakuṇḍalayuktena vadanena virājatā.
6. taruṇādityasaṃkāśam hemavarmadharam tathā
mṛṣṭakuṇḍalayuktena vadanena virājatā
6. Resembling the rising sun and wearing golden armor, he was also resplendent, adorned with polished earrings, by means of his face.
स सूतो भार्यया सार्धं विस्मयोत्फुल्ललोचनः ।
अङ्कमारोप्य तं बालं भार्यां वचनमब्रवीत् ॥७॥
7. sa sūto bhāryayā sārdhaṁ vismayotphullalocanaḥ ,
aṅkamāropya taṁ bālaṁ bhāryāṁ vacanamabravīt.
7. saḥ sūtaḥ bhāryayā sārdham vismayotphullalocanaḥ
aṅkam āropya tam bālam bhāryām vacanam abravīt
7. That charioteer, together with his wife, his eyes wide open in astonishment, placed that child on his lap and spoke to his wife.
इदमत्यद्भुतं भीरु यतो जातोऽस्मि भामिनि ।
दृष्टवान्देवगर्भोऽयं मन्येऽस्मान्समुपागतः ॥८॥
8. idamatyadbhutaṁ bhīru yato jāto'smi bhāmini ,
dṛṣṭavāndevagarbho'yaṁ manye'smānsamupāgataḥ.
8. idam atyadbhutam bhīru yataḥ jātaḥ asmi bhāmini
dṛṣṭavān devagarbhaḥ ayam manye asmān samupāgataḥ
8. O timid, beautiful one, this is truly marvelous! Since my birth, I have never seen such a divine child. I believe this one has come to us.
अनपत्यस्य पुत्रोऽयं देवैर्दत्तो ध्रुवं मम ।
इत्युक्त्वा तं ददौ पुत्रं राधायै स महीपते ॥९॥
9. anapatyasya putro'yaṁ devairdatto dhruvaṁ mama ,
ityuktvā taṁ dadau putraṁ rādhāyai sa mahīpate.
9. anapatyasya putraḥ ayam devaiḥ dattaḥ dhruvam mama
iti uktvā tam dadau putram rādhāyai saḥ mahīpate
9. "To me, who was childless, this son has surely been given by the gods," having said this, he gave that son to Rādhā, O king.
प्रतिजग्राह तं राधा विधिवद्दिव्यरूपिणम् ।
पुत्रं कमलगर्भाभं देवगर्भं श्रिया वृतम् ॥१०॥
10. pratijagrāha taṁ rādhā vidhivaddivyarūpiṇam ,
putraṁ kamalagarbhābhaṁ devagarbhaṁ śriyā vṛtam.
10. pratijagrāha tam rādhā vidhivat divyarūpiṇam
putram kamalagarbhābham devagarbham śriyā vṛtam
10. Radha duly accepted him, the son with a divine form, resembling the inside of a lotus, a divine offspring, and endowed with splendor.
पुपोष चैनं विधिवद्ववृधे स च वीर्यवान् ।
ततः प्रभृति चाप्यन्ये प्राभवन्नौरसाः सुताः ॥११॥
11. pupoṣa cainaṁ vidhivadvavṛdhe sa ca vīryavān ,
tataḥ prabhṛti cāpyanye prābhavannaurasāḥ sutāḥ.
11. pupoṣa ca enam vidhivat vavṛdhe sa ca vīryavān
tataḥ prabhṛti ca api anye prābhavan aurasāḥ sutāḥ
11. She nursed him properly, and he grew up powerful. From that time onwards, other legitimate sons were also born.
वसुवर्मधरं दृष्ट्वा तं बालं हेमकुण्डलम् ।
नामास्य वसुषेणेति ततश्चक्रुर्द्विजातयः ॥१२॥
12. vasuvarmadharaṁ dṛṣṭvā taṁ bālaṁ hemakuṇḍalam ,
nāmāsya vasuṣeṇeti tataścakrurdvijātayaḥ.
12. vasuvarmadharam dṛṣṭvā tam bālam hemakuṇḍalam
nāma asya vasuṣeṇa iti tataḥ cakruḥ dvijātayaḥ
12. After seeing that boy adorned with the armor of the Vasus and golden earrings, the Brahmins (dvijātayaḥ) then named him "Vasuṣeṇa."
एवं स सूतपुत्रत्वं जगामामितविक्रमः ।
वसुषेण इति ख्यातो वृष इत्येव च प्रभुः ॥१३॥
13. evaṁ sa sūtaputratvaṁ jagāmāmitavikramaḥ ,
vasuṣeṇa iti khyāto vṛṣa ityeva ca prabhuḥ.
13. evam sa sūtaputratvam jagāma amitavikramaḥ
vasuṣeṇa iti khyātaḥ vṛṣaḥ iti eva ca prabhuḥ
13. In this way, he of immeasurable valor attained the status of a charioteer's son. He became known as Vasuṣeṇa, and indeed, also as Vṛṣa, the mighty one.
स ज्येष्ठपुत्रः सूतस्य ववृधेऽङ्गेषु वीर्यवान् ।
चारेण विदितश्चासीत्पृथाया दिव्यवर्मभृत् ॥१४॥
14. sa jyeṣṭhaputraḥ sūtasya vavṛdhe'ṅgeṣu vīryavān ,
cāreṇa viditaścāsītpṛthāyā divyavarmabhṛt.
14. saḥ jyeṣṭhaputraḥ sūtasya vavṛdhe aṅgeṣu vīryavān
cāreṇa viditaḥ ca āsīt pṛthāyāḥ divyavarmabhṛt
14. He, the eldest son of the charioteer (sūta), grew up powerful in his body. And through a spy, he became known as Pṛthā's son, bearing divine armor.
सूतस्त्वधिरथः पुत्रं विवृद्धं समये ततः ।
दृष्ट्वा प्रस्थापयामास पुरं वारणसाह्वयम् ॥१५॥
15. sūtastvadhirathaḥ putraṁ vivṛddhaṁ samaye tataḥ ,
dṛṣṭvā prasthāpayāmāsa puraṁ vāraṇasāhvayam.
15. sūtaḥ tu adhirathaḥ putram vivṛddham samaye tataḥ
dṛṣṭvā prasthāpayām āsa puram vāraṇasāhvayam
15. Adhiratha, the charioteer (sūta), having seen his son grown up at the proper time, then sent him to the city named Vāraṇā.
तत्रोपसदनं चक्रे द्रोणस्येष्वस्त्रकर्मणि ।
सख्यं दुर्योधनेनैवमगच्छत्स च वीर्यवान् ॥१६॥
16. tatropasadanaṁ cakre droṇasyeṣvastrakarmaṇi ,
sakhyaṁ duryodhanenaivamagacchatsa ca vīryavān.
16. tatra upasadanam cakre droṇasya īṣvastrakarmaṇi
sakhyam duryodhanena evam agacchat saḥ ca vīryavān
16. There, he undertook discipleship with Droṇa in the art of archery and weaponcraft. And thus, the powerful one formed a friendship with Duryodhana.
द्रोणात्कृपाच्च रामाच्च सोऽस्त्रग्रामं चतुर्विधम् ।
लब्ध्वा लोकेऽभवत्ख्यातः परमेष्वासतां गतः ॥१७॥
17. droṇātkṛpācca rāmācca so'stragrāmaṁ caturvidham ,
labdhvā loke'bhavatkhyātaḥ parameṣvāsatāṁ gataḥ.
17. droṇāt kṛpāt ca rāmāt ca saḥ astragrāmam caturvidham
labdhvā loke abhavat khyātaḥ parameṣvāsatām gataḥ
17. Having obtained the four kinds of weapon systems (astra-grāmam) from Droṇa, Kṛpa, and Rāma (Parashurama), he became famous in the world, having attained the state of being a supreme archer.
संधाय धार्तराष्ट्रेण पार्थानां विप्रिये स्थितः ।
योद्धुमाशंसते नित्यं फल्गुनेन महात्मना ॥१८॥
18. saṁdhāya dhārtarāṣṭreṇa pārthānāṁ vipriye sthitaḥ ,
yoddhumāśaṁsate nityaṁ phalgunena mahātmanā.
18. sandhāya dhārtarāṣṭreṇa pārthānāṃ vipriye sthitaḥ
yoddhum āśaṃsate nityaṃ phalgunena mahātmanā
18. Having formed an alliance with the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana), and being engaged in an act of hostility towards the Pārthas (Pāṇḍavas), he constantly desires to fight with the great-souled Arjuna (Phalguna).
सदा हि तस्य स्पर्धासीदर्जुनेन विशां पते ।
अर्जुनस्य च कर्णेन यतो दृष्टो बभूव सः ॥१९॥
19. sadā hi tasya spardhāsīdarjunena viśāṁ pate ,
arjunasya ca karṇena yato dṛṣṭo babhūva saḥ.
19. sadā hi tasya spardhā āsīt arjunena viśām pate
arjunasya ca karṇena yataḥ dṛṣṭaḥ babhūva saḥ
19. Indeed, O lord of men, there was always a rivalry between him (Karṇa) and Arjuna, and between Arjuna and Karṇa, ever since he (Karṇa) was first seen.
तं तु कुण्डलिनं दृष्ट्वा वर्मणा च समन्वितम् ।
अवध्यं समरे मत्वा पर्यतप्यद्युधिष्ठिरः ॥२०॥
20. taṁ tu kuṇḍalinaṁ dṛṣṭvā varmaṇā ca samanvitam ,
avadhyaṁ samare matvā paryatapyadyudhiṣṭhiraḥ.
20. tam tu kuṇḍalinam dṛṣṭvā varmaṇā ca samanvitam
avadhyam samare matvā paryatapyat yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
20. But, having seen him (Karṇa) adorned with earrings and endowed with armor, and having considered him invulnerable in battle, Yudhiṣṭhira grieved deeply.
यदा तु कर्णो राजेन्द्र भानुमन्तं दिवाकरम् ।
स्तौति मध्यंदिने प्राप्ते प्राञ्जलिः सलिले स्थितः ॥२१॥
21. yadā tu karṇo rājendra bhānumantaṁ divākaram ,
stauti madhyaṁdine prāpte prāñjaliḥ salile sthitaḥ.
21. yadā tu karṇaḥ rājendra bhānumantam divākaram
stauti madhyaṃdine prāpte prāñjaliḥ salile sthitaḥ
21. But, O best of kings, when midday arrived, Karṇa, standing in water with joined palms, would praise the radiant sun (divākara).
तत्रैनमुपतिष्ठन्ति ब्राह्मणा धनहेतवः ।
नादेयं तस्य तत्काले किंचिदस्ति द्विजातिषु ॥२२॥
22. tatrainamupatiṣṭhanti brāhmaṇā dhanahetavaḥ ,
nādeyaṁ tasya tatkāle kiṁcidasti dvijātiṣu.
22. tatra enam upatiṣṭhanti brāhmaṇāḥ dhanahetavaḥ
na adeyam tasya tatkāle kiṃcit asti dvijātiṣu
22. At that time, Brahmins, motivated by wealth, approached him. Among the twice-born (dvijāti), there was nothing at that time that he would not give.
तमिन्द्रो ब्राह्मणो भूत्वा भिक्षां देहीत्युपस्थितः ।
स्वागतं चेति राधेयस्तमथ प्रत्यभाषत ॥२३॥
23. tamindro brāhmaṇo bhūtvā bhikṣāṁ dehītyupasthitaḥ ,
svāgataṁ ceti rādheyastamatha pratyabhāṣata.
23. tam indraḥ brāhmaṇaḥ bhūtvā bhikṣām dehi iti upasthitaḥ
svāgatam ca iti rādheyaḥ tam atha pratyabhāṣata
23. Indra, having assumed the form of a Brahmin, approached him (Karna) saying, 'Give alms!' Then Radheya (Karna) replied to him, 'Welcome!'