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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-26

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वैशंपायन उवाच ।
द्वैपायनवचः श्रुत्वा कुपिते च धनंजये ।
व्यासमामन्त्र्य कौन्तेयः प्रत्युवाच युधिष्ठिरः ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
dvaipāyanavacaḥ śrutvā kupite ca dhanaṁjaye ,
vyāsamāmantrya kaunteyaḥ pratyuvāca yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.
1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca dvaipāyanavacaḥ śrutvā kupite ca
dhanaṃjaye vyāsam āmantrya kaunteyaḥ pratyuvāca yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca dvaipāyanavacaḥ śrutvā ca dhanaṃjaye
kupite kaunteyaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ vyāsam āmantrya pratyuvāca
1. Vaiśampāyana said: Having heard the words of Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa), and while Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna) was angered, Kuntī's son Yudhiṣṭhira addressed Vyāsa and spoke in reply.
न पार्थिवमिदं राज्यं न च भोगाः पृथग्विधाः ।
प्रीणयन्ति मनो मेऽद्य शोको मां नर्दयत्ययम् ॥२॥
2. na pārthivamidaṁ rājyaṁ na ca bhogāḥ pṛthagvidhāḥ ,
prīṇayanti mano me'dya śoko māṁ nardayatyayam.
2. na pārthivam idam rājyam na ca bhogāḥ pṛthagvidhāḥ
prīṇayanti manaḥ me adya śokaḥ mām nardayati ayam
2. idam pārthivam rājyam na me manaḥ adya prīṇayanti
ca pṛthagvidhāḥ bhogāḥ na ayam śokaḥ mām nardayati
2. This earthly kingdom does not satisfy my mind today, nor do various enjoyments, for this sorrow (śoka) afflicts me.
श्रुत्वा च वीरहीनानामपुत्राणां च योषिताम् ।
परिदेवयमानानां शान्तिं नोपलभे मुने ॥३॥
3. śrutvā ca vīrahīnānāmaputrāṇāṁ ca yoṣitām ,
paridevayamānānāṁ śāntiṁ nopalabhe mune.
3. śrutvā ca vīrahīnānām aputrāṇām ca yoṣitām
paridevayamānānām śāntim na upalabhe mune
3. mune vīrahīnānām ca aputrāṇām yoṣitām
paridevayamānānām śrutvā śāntim na upalabhe
3. O Sage, hearing of women deprived of their heroes and of childless women who are lamenting, I do not find peace (śānti).
इत्युक्तः प्रत्युवाचेदं व्यासो योगविदां वरः ।
युधिष्ठिरं महाप्राज्ञं धर्मज्ञो वेदपारगः ॥४॥
4. ityuktaḥ pratyuvācedaṁ vyāso yogavidāṁ varaḥ ,
yudhiṣṭhiraṁ mahāprājñaṁ dharmajño vedapāragaḥ.
4. iti uktaḥ pratyuvāca idam vyāsaḥ yogavidām varaḥ
yudhiṣṭhiram mahāprājñam dharmajñaḥ vedapāragaḥ
4. iti uktaḥ yogavidām varaḥ dharmajñaḥ vedapāragaḥ
vyāsaḥ mahāprājñam yudhiṣṭhiram idam pratyuvāca
4. Thus addressed, Vyāsa, who was the best among those knowing spiritual discipline (yoga), the knower of natural law (dharma), and the master of the Vedas, replied this to Yudhiṣṭhira, the greatly wise.
न कर्मणा लभ्यते चिन्तया वा नाप्यस्य दाता पुरुषस्य कश्चित् ।
पर्याययोगाद्विहितं विधात्रा कालेन सर्वं लभते मनुष्यः ॥५॥
5. na karmaṇā labhyate cintayā vā; nāpyasya dātā puruṣasya kaścit ,
paryāyayogādvihitaṁ vidhātrā; kālena sarvaṁ labhate manuṣyaḥ.
5. na karmaṇā labhyate cintayā vā
na api asya dātā puruṣasya kaścit
paryāyayogāt vihitam vidhātrā
kālena sarvam labhate manuṣyaḥ
5. manuṣyaḥ na karmaṇā vā cintayā
labhyate kaścit api dātā puruṣasya
asya na sarvam vihitam vidhātrā
paryāyayogāt kālena labhate
5. A person does not obtain things by action (karma) or by mere thought; nor is anyone the giver of these things to an individual (puruṣa). Rather, whatever has been ordained by the Creator (vidhātṛ) through the combination of circumstances, a person obtains everything in due time.
न बुद्धिशास्त्राध्ययनेन शक्यं प्राप्तुं विशेषैर्मनुजैरकाले ।
मूर्खोऽपि प्राप्नोति कदाचिदर्थान्कालो हि कार्यं प्रति निर्विशेषः ॥६॥
6. na buddhiśāstrādhyayanena śakyaṁ; prāptuṁ viśeṣairmanujairakāle ,
mūrkho'pi prāpnoti kadācidarthā;nkālo hi kāryaṁ prati nirviśeṣaḥ.
6. na buddhishāstraadhyayanena śakyam
prāptum viśeṣaiḥ manujaiḥ akāle
mūrkhaḥ api prāpnoti kadācit arthān
kālaḥ hi kāryam prati nirviśeṣaḥ
6. viśeṣaiḥ manujaiḥ akāle
buddhishāstraadhyayanena prāptum na śakyam
api mūrkhaḥ kadācit arthān prāpnoti
hi kālaḥ kāryam prati nirviśeṣaḥ
6. It is not possible for even distinguished individuals to achieve things at the wrong time through the study of wisdom-texts. Even a fool sometimes obtains his objectives, for time is impartial (nirviśeṣa) regarding all actions.
नाभूतिकाले च फलं ददाति शिल्पं न मन्त्राश्च तथौषधानि ।
तान्येव कालेन समाहितानि सिध्यन्ति चेध्यन्ति च भूतिकाले ॥७॥
7. nābhūtikāle ca phalaṁ dadāti; śilpaṁ na mantrāśca tathauṣadhāni ,
tānyeva kālena samāhitāni; sidhyanti cedhyanti ca bhūtikāle.
7. na abhūtikāle ca phalam dadāti
śilpam na mantrāḥ ca tathā auṣadhāni
tāni eva kālena samāhitāni
sidhyanti ca idhyanti ca bhūtikāle
7. abhūtikāle ca śilpam na phalam
dadāti mantrāḥ ca tathā auṣadhāni
na tāni eva kālena samāhitāni
bhūtikāle sidhyanti ca idhyanti ca
7. Neither skill, nor sacred formulas (mantra), nor medicines yield results at an inappropriate time. Those very same things, when properly applied at the right time, succeed and prosper during the opportune moment.
कालेन शीघ्राः प्रविवान्ति वाताः कालेन वृष्टिर्जलदानुपैति ।
कालेन पद्मोत्पलवज्जलं च कालेन पुष्यन्ति नगा वनेषु ॥८॥
8. kālena śīghrāḥ pravivānti vātāḥ; kālena vṛṣṭirjaladānupaiti ,
kālena padmotpalavajjalaṁ ca; kālena puṣyanti nagā vaneṣu.
8. kālena śīghrāḥ pravivānti vātāḥ kālena vṛṣṭiḥ jaladān upaiti
kālena padmautpalavat jalam ca kālena puṣyanti nagāḥ vaneṣu
8. kālena śīghrāḥ vātāḥ pravivānti kālena vṛṣṭiḥ jaladān upaiti
kālena jalam ca padmautpalavat kālena nagāḥ vaneṣu puṣyanti
8. In due course of time, swift winds blow. In due course of time, rain reaches the clouds. In due course of time, water (becomes adorned) with lotuses and water-lilies. And in due course of time, trees in the forests flourish.
कालेन कृष्णाश्च सिताश्च रात्र्यः कालेन चन्द्रः परिपूर्णबिम्बः ।
नाकालतः पुष्पफलं नगानां नाकालवेगाः सरितो वहन्ति ॥९॥
9. kālena kṛṣṇāśca sitāśca rātryaḥ; kālena candraḥ paripūrṇabimbaḥ ,
nākālataḥ puṣpaphalaṁ nagānāṁ; nākālavegāḥ sarito vahanti.
9. kālena kṛṣṇāḥ ca sitāḥ ca rātryaḥ
kālena candraḥ paripūrṇabimbaḥ
na ākālataḥ puṣpapdalam nagānām
na ākālavegāḥ saritaḥ vahanti
9. kālena rātryaḥ kṛṣṇāḥ ca sitāḥ ca,
kālena candraḥ paripūrṇabimbaḥ.
nagānām puṣpapdalam ākālataḥ na [bhavati],
saritaḥ ākālavegāḥ na vahanti.
9. In due course, nights become dark and white, and in due course, the moon becomes a full orb. The flowers and fruits of trees do not appear out of season, nor do rivers flow with untimely speed.
नाकालमत्ताः खगपन्नगाश्च मृगद्विपाः शैलमहाग्रहाश्च ।
नाकालतः स्त्रीषु भवन्ति गर्भा नायान्त्यकाले शिशिरोष्णवर्षाः ॥१०॥
10. nākālamattāḥ khagapannagāśca; mṛgadvipāḥ śailamahāgrahāśca ,
nākālataḥ strīṣu bhavanti garbhā; nāyāntyakāle śiśiroṣṇavarṣāḥ.
10. na ākālamattāḥ khagapannagāḥ ca
mṛgadvipāḥ śailamahāgrahāḥ ca na
ākālataḥ strīṣu bhavanti garbhāḥ
na āyānti akāle śiśiroṣṇavarṣāḥ
10. khagapannagāḥ ca mṛgadvipāḥ śailamahāgrahāḥ ca ākālamattāḥ na [bhavanti].
strīṣu garbhāḥ ākālataḥ na bhavanti.
śiśiroṣṇavarṣāḥ akāle na āyānti.
10. Birds and snakes, deer and elephants, and mountains and great celestial bodies are not excited at the wrong time. Pregnancies do not occur in women out of season, nor do winter, summer, and monsoon arrive at the wrong time.
नाकालतो म्रियते जायते वा नाकालतो व्याहरते च बालः ।
नाकालतो यौवनमभ्युपैति नाकालतो रोहति बीजमुप्तम् ॥११॥
11. nākālato mriyate jāyate vā; nākālato vyāharate ca bālaḥ ,
nākālato yauvanamabhyupaiti; nākālato rohati bījamuptam.
11. na ākālataḥ mriyate jāyate vā
na ākālataḥ vyāharate ca bālaḥ
na ākālataḥ yauvanam abhyupaiti
na ākālataḥ rohati bījam uptam
11. [janaḥ] ākālataḥ na mriyate vā [na] jāyate.
bālaḥ ākālataḥ ca na vyāharate.
[janaḥ] ākālataḥ yauvanam na abhyupaiti.
uptam bījam ākālataḥ na rohati.
11. One does not die or take birth untimely. A child does not speak untimely. One does not attain youth untimely, nor does a sown seed sprout untimely.
नाकालतो भानुरुपैति योगं नाकालतोऽस्तं गिरिमभ्युपैति ।
नाकालतो वर्धते हीयते च चन्द्रः समुद्रश्च महोर्मिमाली ॥१२॥
12. nākālato bhānurupaiti yogaṁ; nākālato'staṁ girimabhyupaiti ,
nākālato vardhate hīyate ca; candraḥ samudraśca mahormimālī.
12. na ākālataḥ bhānuḥ upaiti yogam
na ākālataḥ astam girim abhyupaiti
na ākālataḥ vardhate hīyate ca
candraḥ samudraḥ ca mahormimālī
12. bhānuḥ ākālataḥ yogam na upaiti.
[bhānuḥ] ākālataḥ astam girim na abhyupaiti.
candraḥ ca mahormimālī samudraḥ ca ākālataḥ na vardhate ca na hīyate.
12. The sun does not rise (attain conjunction) untimely, nor does it set (approach the setting mountain) untimely. The moon and the ocean, adorned with great waves, do not grow or wane untimely.
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
गीतं राज्ञा सेनजिता दुःखार्तेन युधिष्ठिर ॥१३॥
13. atrāpyudāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
gītaṁ rājñā senajitā duḥkhārtena yudhiṣṭhira.
13. atra api udāharanti imam itihāsam purātanam
gītam rājñā senajitā duḥkhārtena yudhiṣṭhira
13. yudhiṣṭhira atra api udāharanti imam purātanam
itihāsam gītam rājñā senajitā duḥkhārtena
13. Here, they also recount this ancient narrative (itihāsa), which was sung by King Senajit, who was afflicted by sorrow, O Yudhiṣṭhira.
सर्वानेवैष पर्यायो मर्त्यान्स्पृशति दुस्तरः ।
कालेन परिपक्वा हि म्रियन्ते सर्वमानवाः ॥१४॥
14. sarvānevaiṣa paryāyo martyānspṛśati dustaraḥ ,
kālena paripakvā hi mriyante sarvamānavāḥ.
14. sarvān eva eṣa paryāyaḥ martyān spṛśati dustaraḥ
kālena paripākvā hi mriyante sarvamānavāḥ
14. eṣa dustaraḥ paryāyaḥ eva sarvān martyān spṛśati
hi sarvamānavāḥ kālena paripākvā mriyante
14. Indeed, this inescapable cycle (saṃsāra) affects all mortals, as it is difficult to overcome. For, all human beings, having matured by time, inevitably die.
घ्नन्ति चान्यान्नरा राजंस्तानप्यन्ये नरास्तथा ।
संज्ञैषा लौकिकी राजन्न हिनस्ति न हन्यते ॥१५॥
15. ghnanti cānyānnarā rājaṁstānapyanye narāstathā ,
saṁjñaiṣā laukikī rājanna hinasti na hanyate.
15. ghnanti ca anyān narāḥ rājan tān api anye narāḥ
tathā saṃjñā eṣā laukikī rājan na hinasti na hanyate
15. rājan narāḥ ca anyān ghnanti tathā api anye narāḥ
tān rājan eṣā laukikī saṃjñā na hinasti na hanyate
15. And men kill others, O King, and likewise other men kill them. This is merely a conventional designation (saṃjñā), O King; it neither harms nor is harmed.
हन्तीति मन्यते कश्चिन्न हन्तीत्यपि चापरे ।
स्वभावतस्तु नियतौ भूतानां प्रभवाप्ययौ ॥१६॥
16. hantīti manyate kaścinna hantītyapi cāpare ,
svabhāvatastu niyatau bhūtānāṁ prabhavāpyayau.
16. hanti iti manyate kaścit na hanti iti api ca apare
svabhāvataḥ tu niyatau bhūtānām prabhavāpyayau
16. kaścit hanti iti manyate ca api apare na hanti
iti tu bhūtānām prabhavāpyayau svabhāvataḥ niyatau
16. Someone may think, 'He kills,' while others may think, 'He does not kill.' However, the origination and dissolution of all beings are naturally determined by their intrinsic nature (svabhāva).
नष्टे धने वा दारे वा पुत्रे पितरि वा मृते ।
अहो कष्टमिति ध्यायञ्शोकस्यापचितिं चरेत् ॥१७॥
17. naṣṭe dhane vā dāre vā putre pitari vā mṛte ,
aho kaṣṭamiti dhyāyañśokasyāpacitiṁ caret.
17. naṣṭe dhane vā dāre vā putre pitari vā mṛte
aho kaṣṭam iti dhyāyan śokasya apacitiṃ caret
17. dhane naṣṭe vā dāre vā putre vā pitari mṛte
aho kaṣṭam iti dhyāyan śokasya apacitiṃ caret
17. When wealth is lost, or a wife, or a son, or a father dies, one should practice the removal of sorrow by reflecting, 'Alas, what misery!'
स किं शोचसि मूढः सञ्शोच्यः किमनुशोचसि ।
पश्य दुःखेषु दुःखानि भयेषु च भयान्यपि ॥१८॥
18. sa kiṁ śocasi mūḍhaḥ sañśocyaḥ kimanuśocasi ,
paśya duḥkheṣu duḥkhāni bhayeṣu ca bhayānyapi.
18. sa kim śocasi mūḍhaḥ san śocyaḥ kim anuśocasi
paśya duḥkheṣu duḥkhāni bhayeṣu ca bhayāni api
18. mūḍhaḥ san kim śocasi śocyaḥ kim anuśocasi
paśya duḥkheṣu duḥkhāni ca bhayeṣu api bhayāni
18. Why do you grieve, being foolish? What is there to lament that you should lament for it? Observe the sufferings within sufferings, and the fears even within fears.
आत्मापि चायं न मम सर्वापि पृथिवी मम ।
यथा मम तथान्येषामिति पश्यन्न मुह्यति ॥१९॥
19. ātmāpi cāyaṁ na mama sarvāpi pṛthivī mama ,
yathā mama tathānyeṣāmiti paśyanna muhyati.
19. ātmā api ca ayam na mama sarvā api pṛthivī mama
yathā mama tathā anyeṣām iti paśyan na muhyati
19. ayam ātmā api na mama ca sarvā pṛthivī api na mama
iti paśyan yathā mama tathā anyeṣām na muhyati
19. Even this self (ātman) is not mine, nor is all the earth mine. One who perceives 'what is mine is also others' is not deluded.
शोकस्थानसहस्राणि हर्षस्थानशतानि च ।
दिवसे दिवसे मूढमाविशन्ति न पण्डितम् ॥२०॥
20. śokasthānasahasrāṇi harṣasthānaśatāni ca ,
divase divase mūḍhamāviśanti na paṇḍitam.
20. śokasthānasahasrāṇi harṣasthānaśatāni ca
divase divase mūḍham āviśanti na paṇḍitam
20. śokasthānasahasrāṇi ca harṣasthānaśatāni
divase divase mūḍham āviśanti na paṇḍitam
20. Thousands of reasons for sorrow and hundreds of reasons for joy beset the foolish person day after day, but not the wise person.
एवमेतानि कालेन प्रियद्वेष्याणि भागशः ।
जीवेषु परिवर्तन्ते दुःखानि च सुखानि च ॥२१॥
21. evametāni kālena priyadveṣyāṇi bhāgaśaḥ ,
jīveṣu parivartante duḥkhāni ca sukhāni ca.
21. evam etāni kālena priyadvēṣyāṇi bhāgaśaḥ
jīveṣu parivartante duḥkhāni ca sukhāni ca
21. evam etāni priyadvēṣyāṇi duḥkhāni ca sukhāni
ca kālena bhāgaśaḥ jīveṣu parivartante
21. In this manner, these pleasant and unpleasant conditions - namely, sorrows (duḥkha) and joys (sukha) - alternate among living beings in varying degrees over time.
दुःखमेवास्ति न सुखं तस्मात्तदुपलभ्यते ।
तृष्णार्तिप्रभवं दुःखं दुःखार्तिप्रभवं सुखम् ॥२२॥
22. duḥkhamevāsti na sukhaṁ tasmāttadupalabhyate ,
tṛṣṇārtiprabhavaṁ duḥkhaṁ duḥkhārtiprabhavaṁ sukham.
22. duḥkham eva asti na sukham tasmāt tat upalabhyate
tṛṣṇā-arti-prabhavam duḥkham duḥkha-arti-prabhavam sukham
22. duḥkham eva asti sukham na tasmāt tat upalabhyate
tṛṣṇā-arti-prabhavam duḥkham duḥkha-arti-prabhavam sukham
22. Sorrow (duḥkha) alone exists, not happiness (sukha). Therefore, sorrow is what is experienced. Sorrow originates from the distress of craving; happiness originates from the distress of sorrow.
सुखस्यानन्तरं दुःखं दुःखस्यानन्तरं सुखम् ।
न नित्यं लभते दुःखं न नित्यं लभते सुखम् ॥२३॥
23. sukhasyānantaraṁ duḥkhaṁ duḥkhasyānantaraṁ sukham ,
na nityaṁ labhate duḥkhaṁ na nityaṁ labhate sukham.
23. sukhasya anantaram duḥkham duḥkhasya anantaram sukham
na nityam labhate duḥkham na nityam labhate sukham
23. sukhasya anantaram duḥkham duḥkhasya anantaram sukham
duḥkham nityam na labhate sukham nityam na labhate
23. After happiness (sukha) comes sorrow (duḥkha), and after sorrow comes happiness. One does not always experience sorrow, nor does one always experience happiness.
सुखमन्ते हि दुःखानां दुःखमन्ते सुखस्य च ।
तस्मादेतद्द्वयं जह्याद्य इच्छेच्छाश्वतं सुखम् ॥२४॥
24. sukhamante hi duḥkhānāṁ duḥkhamante sukhasya ca ,
tasmādetaddvayaṁ jahyādya icchecchāśvataṁ sukham.
24. sukham ante hi duḥkhānām duḥkham ante sukhasya ca
tasmāt etad dvayam jahyāt yaḥ icchet śāśvatam sukham
24. duḥkhānām ante sukham hi sukhasya ante duḥkham ca
tasmāt yaḥ śāśvatam sukham icchet etad dvayam jahyāt
24. Happiness (sukha) is indeed at the end of sorrows (duḥkha), and sorrow is at the end of happiness. Therefore, whoever desires eternal happiness should abandon this duality.
यन्निमित्तं भवेच्छोकस्तापो वा दुःखमूर्छितः ।
आयासो वापि यन्मूलस्तदेकाङ्गमपि त्यजेत् ॥२५॥
25. yannimittaṁ bhavecchokastāpo vā duḥkhamūrchitaḥ ,
āyāso vāpi yanmūlastadekāṅgamapi tyajet.
25. yat nimittam bhavet śokaḥ tāpaḥ vā duḥkhamūrchitaḥ
āyāsaḥ vā api yat mūlaḥ tat eka-aṅgam api tyajet
25. yat nimittam śokaḥ tāpaḥ vā duḥkhamūrchitaḥ bhavet
yat mūlaḥ āyāsaḥ vā api tat eka-aṅgam api tyajet
25. One should abandon even a single part of that which is the cause of sorrow, distress, or overwhelming pain, or which is the root of fatigue or trouble.
सुखं वा यदि वा दुःखं प्रियं वा यदि वाप्रियम् ।
प्राप्तं प्राप्तमुपासीत हृदयेनापराजितः ॥२६॥
26. sukhaṁ vā yadi vā duḥkhaṁ priyaṁ vā yadi vāpriyam ,
prāptaṁ prāptamupāsīta hṛdayenāparājitaḥ.
26. sukham vā yadi vā duḥkham priyam vā yadi vā
apriyam prāptam prāptam upāsīta hṛdayena aparājitaḥ
26. sukham vā yadi vā duḥkham priyam vā yadi vā
apriyam prāptam prāptam hṛdayena aparājitaḥ upāsīta
26. Whether it is happiness or sorrow, something pleasant or unpleasant, one should accept whatever comes to them with an undefeated heart.
ईषदप्यङ्ग दाराणां पुत्राणां वा चराप्रियम् ।
ततो ज्ञास्यसि कः कस्य केन वा कथमेव वा ॥२७॥
27. īṣadapyaṅga dārāṇāṁ putrāṇāṁ vā carāpriyam ,
tato jñāsyasi kaḥ kasya kena vā kathameva vā.
27. īṣat api aṅga dārāṇām putrāṇām vā cara-apriyam
tataḥ jñāsyasi kaḥ kasya kena vā katham eva vā
27. aṅga dārāṇām putrāṇām vā īṣat api cara-apriyam
tataḥ jñāsyasi kaḥ kasya kena vā katham eva vā
27. O dear one, if there is even a little disagreeable conduct from wives or sons, then you will understand who belongs to whom, by whom, and in what manner.
ये च मूढतमा लोके ये च बुद्धेः परं गताः ।
त एव सुखमेधन्ते मध्यः क्लेशेन युज्यते ॥२८॥
28. ye ca mūḍhatamā loke ye ca buddheḥ paraṁ gatāḥ ,
ta eva sukhamedhante madhyaḥ kleśena yujyate.
28. ye ca mūḍhatamāḥ loke ye ca buddheḥ param gatāḥ
te eva sukham edhante madhyaḥ kleśena yujyate
28. loke ye ca mūḍhatamāḥ ye ca buddheḥ param gatāḥ
te eva sukham edhante madhyaḥ kleśena yujyate
28. Those who are most deluded in the world, and those who have gone beyond intellect, they alone thrive in happiness; the mediocre person, however, is afflicted by distress.
इत्यब्रवीन्महाप्राज्ञो युधिष्ठिर स सेनजित् ।
परावरज्ञो लोकस्य धर्मवित्सुखदुःखवित् ॥२९॥
29. ityabravīnmahāprājño yudhiṣṭhira sa senajit ,
parāvarajño lokasya dharmavitsukhaduḥkhavit.
29. iti abravīt mahāprājñaḥ yudhiṣṭhira saḥ senajit
parāvarajñaḥ lokasya dharmavit sukhaduḥkhavit
29. saḥ mahāprājñaḥ parāvarajñaḥ lokasya dharmavit
sukhaduḥkhavit senajit iti yudhiṣṭhira abravīt
29. Thus spoke that immensely wise Senajit, O Yudhishthira, he who understands the higher and lower aspects of the world, who knows the natural law (dharma), and who comprehends both happiness and sorrow.
सुखी परस्य यो दुःखे न जातु स सुखी भवेत् ।
दुःखानां हि क्षयो नास्ति जायते ह्यपरात्परम् ॥३०॥
30. sukhī parasya yo duḥkhe na jātu sa sukhī bhavet ,
duḥkhānāṁ hi kṣayo nāsti jāyate hyaparātparam.
30. sukhī parasya yaḥ duḥkhe na jātu saḥ sukhī bhavet
duḥkhānām hi kṣayaḥ na asti jāyate hi aparāt param
30. yaḥ parasya duḥkhe sukhī saḥ jātu sukhī na bhavet
hi duḥkhānām kṣayaḥ na asti hi aparāt param jāyate
30. Whoever rejoices in another's suffering can never truly be happy. For indeed, there is no end to sorrows; one (sorrow) invariably gives rise to another.
सुखं च दुःखं च भवाभवौ च लाभालाभौ मरणं जीवितं च ।
पर्यायशः सर्वमिह स्पृशन्ति तस्माद्धीरो नैव हृष्येन्न कुप्येत् ॥३१॥
31. sukhaṁ ca duḥkhaṁ ca bhavābhavau ca; lābhālābhau maraṇaṁ jīvitaṁ ca ,
paryāyaśaḥ sarvamiha spṛśanti; tasmāddhīro naiva hṛṣyenna kupyet.
31. sukham ca duḥkham ca bhavābhavau
ca lābhālābhau maraṇam jīvitam ca
paryāyaśaḥ sarvam iha spṛśanti
tasmāt dhīraḥ na eva hṛṣyet na kupyet
31. iha sukham ca duḥkham ca bhavābhavau
ca lābhālābhau maraṇam ca jīvitam
ca sarvam paryāyaśaḥ spṛśanti
tasmāt dhīraḥ na eva hṛṣyet na kupyet
31. Happiness and sorrow, existence and non-existence, gain and loss, death and life - all these alternately affect (or touch) one in this world. Therefore, a steadfast person should neither rejoice nor become angry.
दीक्षां यज्ञे पालनं युद्धमाहुर्योगं राष्ट्रे दण्डनीत्या च सम्यक् ।
वित्तत्यागं दक्षिणानां च यज्ञे सम्यग्ज्ञानं पावनानीति विद्यात् ॥३२॥
32. dīkṣāṁ yajñe pālanaṁ yuddhamāhu;ryogaṁ rāṣṭre daṇḍanītyā ca samyak ,
vittatyāgaṁ dakṣiṇānāṁ ca yajñe; samyagjñānaṁ pāvanānīti vidyāt.
32. dīkṣām yajñe pālanam yuddham āhuḥ
yogam rāṣṭre daṇḍanītyā ca samyak
vittatyāgam dakṣiṇānām ca yajñe
samyagjñānam pāvanāni iti vidyāt
32. vidyāt dīkṣām yajñe pālanam
yuddham yogam rāṣṭre daṇḍanītyā ca
samyak vittatyāgam dakṣiṇānām
ca yajñe samyagjñānam iti pāvanāni
32. Know that initiation (dīkṣā) in a Vedic ritual (yajña), providing protection, engaging in warfare, proper application (yoga) of governance (daṇḍanīti) in a state, sacrificing wealth as ritual fees (dakṣiṇā) in a Vedic ritual (yajña), and right knowledge are all purifiers.
रक्षन्राष्ट्रं बुद्धिपूर्वं नयेन संत्यक्तात्मा यज्ञशीलो महात्मा ।
सर्वाँल्लोकान्धर्ममूर्त्या चरंश्चाप्यूर्ध्वं देहान्मोदते देवलोके ॥३३॥
33. rakṣanrāṣṭraṁ buddhipūrvaṁ nayena; saṁtyaktātmā yajñaśīlo mahātmā ,
sarvāँllokāndharmamūrtyā caraṁścā;pyūrdhvaṁ dehānmodate devaloke.
33. rakṣan rāṣṭraṃ buddhipūrvaṃ nayena
saṃtyaktātmā yajñaśīlaḥ mahātmā
sarvān lokān dharmamūrtyā caran
ca api ūrdhvaṃ dehān modate devaloke
33. mahātmā rāṣṭraṃ buddhipūrvaṃ nayena
rakṣan saṃtyaktātmā yajñaśīlaḥ
ca dharmamūrtyā sarvān lokān caran
api dehān ūrdhvaṃ devaloke modate
33. A great soul (mahātmā) who intelligently protects the kingdom (rāṣṭra) with proper policy, who is self-controlled (saṃtyaktātmā), dedicated to sacred ritual (yajña), and who, acting as an embodiment of natural law (dharma), traverses all worlds and rises beyond physical bodies, rejoices in the world of the gods (devaloka).
जित्वा संग्रामान्पालयित्वा च राष्ट्रं सोमं पीत्वा वर्धयित्वा प्रजाश्च ।
युक्त्या दण्डं धारयित्वा प्रजानां युद्धे क्षीणो मोदते देवलोके ॥३४॥
34. jitvā saṁgrāmānpālayitvā ca rāṣṭraṁ; somaṁ pītvā vardhayitvā prajāśca ,
yuktyā daṇḍaṁ dhārayitvā prajānāṁ; yuddhe kṣīṇo modate devaloke.
34. jitvā saṃgrāmān pālayitvā ca rāṣṭraṃ
somaṃ pītvā vardhayitvā prajāḥ
ca yuktyā daṇḍaṃ dhārayitvā
prajānām yuddhe kṣīṇaḥ modate devaloke
34. saṃgrāmān jitvā ca rāṣṭraṃ pālayitvā
somaṃ pītvā ca prajāḥ vardhayitvā
prajānām yuktyā daṇḍaṃ dhārayitvā
yuddhe kṣīṇaḥ devaloke modate
34. Having conquered battles, having protected the kingdom (rāṣṭra), having drunk Soma, and having caused the subjects (prajā) to prosper, having wielded authority (daṇḍa) over the people with justice (yukti), a person exhausted (kṣīṇa) in battle (yuddha) rejoices in the world of the gods (devaloka).
सम्यग्वेदान्प्राप्य शास्त्राण्यधीत्य सम्यग्राष्ट्रं पालयित्वा च राजा ।
चातुर्वर्ण्यं स्थापयित्वा स्वधर्मे पूतात्मा वै मोदते देवलोके ॥३५॥
35. samyagvedānprāpya śāstrāṇyadhītya; samyagrāṣṭraṁ pālayitvā ca rājā ,
cāturvarṇyaṁ sthāpayitvā svadharme; pūtātmā vai modate devaloke.
35. samyak vedān prāpya śāstrāṇi adhītya
samyak rāṣṭraṃ pālayitvā ca
rājā cāturvarṇyam sthāpayitvā
svadharme pūtātmā vai modate devaloke
35. rājā samyak vedān prāpya śāstrāṇi
adhītya ca samyak rāṣṭraṃ pālayitvā
cāturvarṇyam svadharme sthāpayitvā
pūtātmā vai devaloke modate
35. Having thoroughly mastered the Vedas and studied the scriptures (śāstra), and having properly governed the kingdom (rāṣṭra), a king (rājā) who has established the four social classes (cāturvarṇya) in their respective natural laws (dharma) is indeed a pure-souled (pūtātmā) individual and rejoices in the world of the gods (devaloka).
यस्य वृत्तं नमस्यन्ति स्वर्गस्थस्यापि मानवाः ।
पौरजानपदामात्याः स राजा राजसत्तमः ॥३६॥
36. yasya vṛttaṁ namasyanti svargasthasyāpi mānavāḥ ,
paurajānapadāmātyāḥ sa rājā rājasattamaḥ.
36. yasya vṛttam namasyanti svargasthasya api
mānavāḥ paurajānapadāmātyāḥ sa rājā rājasattamaḥ
36. sa rājā rājasattamaḥ yasya vṛttam svargasthasya
api mānavāḥ paurajānapadāmātyāḥ namasyanti
36. That king (rājā) is the best of kings (rājasattama) whose conduct (vṛtta) is revered by humans (mānavāḥ) - including citizens, country folk, and ministers (paurajānapadāmātyāḥ) - even after he has ascended to heaven (svarga).