Skip to content
אתר זה לא תומך בגרסאות ישנות של אינטרנט אקספלורר
מומלץ להשתמש בדפדפן גוגל כרום או פיירפוקס מוזילה
(או באינטרנט אקספלורר / edge עדכני)
Enjoy Learning Sanskrit tips, tools, resources and more...

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-180

Use the following checkboxes to set the display options for this chapter (You can also control the display of each verse separately):
what would you like to see in each verse:
वैशंपायन उवाच ।
तस्मै दित्सति कन्यां तु ब्राह्मणाय महात्मने ।
कोप आसीन्महीपानामालोक्यान्योन्यमन्तिकात् ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tasmai ditsati kanyāṁ tu brāhmaṇāya mahātmane ,
kopa āsīnmahīpānāmālokyānyonyamantikāt.
1. vaiśampāyanaḥ uvāca | tasmai ditsati kanyām tu brāhmaṇāya
mahātmane | kopaḥ āsīt mahīpānām ālokya anyonyam antikāt
1. Vaiśampāyana said: When (Drupada) wished to give the maiden to that great-souled Brahmin, anger arose among the kings who were looking at each other from close by.
अस्मानयमतिक्रम्य तृणीकृत्य च संगतान् ।
दातुमिच्छति विप्राय द्रौपदीं योषितां वराम् ॥२॥
2. asmānayamatikramya tṛṇīkṛtya ca saṁgatān ,
dātumicchati viprāya draupadīṁ yoṣitāṁ varām.
2. asmān ayam atikramya tṛṇīkṛtya ca saṃgatān |
dātum icchati viprāya draupadīm yoṣitām varām
2. This (king Drupada) wishes to give Draupadī, the best of women, to a Brahmin, having disregarded us and having treated us, who are assembled here, like mere straw.
निहन्मैनं दुरात्मानं योऽयमस्मान्न मन्यते ।
न ह्यर्हत्येष सत्कारं नापि वृद्धक्रमं गुणैः ॥३॥
3. nihanmainaṁ durātmānaṁ yo'yamasmānna manyate ,
na hyarhatyeṣa satkāraṁ nāpi vṛddhakramaṁ guṇaiḥ.
3. nihanma enam durātmānam yaḥ ayam asmān na manyate |
na hi arhati eṣa satkāram na api vṛddhakramam guṇaiḥ
3. Let's kill this evil-minded one (durātman) who disregards us! Indeed, he does not deserve honor, nor respect based on his age or qualities.
हन्मैनं सह पुत्रेण दुराचारं नृपद्विषम् ।
अयं हि सर्वानाहूय सत्कृत्य च नराधिपान् ।
गुणवद्भोजयित्वा च ततः पश्चाद्विनिन्दति ॥४॥
4. hanmainaṁ saha putreṇa durācāraṁ nṛpadviṣam ,
ayaṁ hi sarvānāhūya satkṛtya ca narādhipān ,
guṇavadbhojayitvā ca tataḥ paścādvinindati.
4. hanma enam saha putreṇa durācāram
nṛpadvīṣam | ayam hi sarvān āhūya
satkṛtya ca narādhipān | guṇavat
bhojayitvā ca tataḥ paścāt vinindati
4. Let us kill this king-hating man of wicked conduct, along with his son! For this fellow, after inviting all the kings, honoring them, and feeding them well, then criticizes them afterwards.
अस्मिन्राजसमावाये देवानामिव संनये ।
किमयं सदृशं कंचिन्नृपतिं नैव दृष्टवान् ॥५॥
5. asminrājasamāvāye devānāmiva saṁnaye ,
kimayaṁ sadṛśaṁ kaṁcinnṛpatiṁ naiva dṛṣṭavān.
5. asmin rājasamāvāye devānām iva sannaye | kim
ayam sadṛśam kañcit nṛpatim na eva dṛṣṭavān
5. In this assembly of kings, which resembles an assembly of gods, has this one (Drupada) really not seen any king worthy of his daughter?
न च विप्रेष्वधीकारो विद्यते वरणं प्रति ।
स्वयंवरः क्षत्रियाणामितीयं प्रथिता श्रुतिः ॥६॥
6. na ca vipreṣvadhīkāro vidyate varaṇaṁ prati ,
svayaṁvaraḥ kṣatriyāṇāmitīyaṁ prathitā śrutiḥ.
6. na ca vipreṣu adhikāraḥ vidyate varaṇam prati
svayaṃvaraḥ kṣatriyāṇām iti iyam prathitā śrutiḥ
6. Brahmins (vipra) have no authority over choosing (a husband for a princess). This tradition (śruti) is well-established, stating that a self-choice marriage (svayaṃvara) is meant for Kṣatriyas.
अथ वा यदि कन्येयं नेह कंचिद्बुभूषति ।
अग्नावेनां परिक्षिप्य याम राष्ट्राणि पार्थिवाः ॥७॥
7. atha vā yadi kanyeyaṁ neha kaṁcidbubhūṣati ,
agnāvenāṁ parikṣipya yāma rāṣṭrāṇi pārthivāḥ.
7. atha vā yadi kanyā iyam na iha kaṃcit bubhūṣati
agnau enām parikṣipya yāma rāṣṭrāṇi pārthivāḥ
7. Alternatively, if this maiden (kanyā) does not wish to have anyone (as a husband) here, then, O kings (pārthiva), let us cast her into the fire and depart for other lands!
ब्राह्मणो यदि वा बाल्याल्लोभाद्वा कृतवानिदम् ।
विप्रियं पार्थिवेन्द्राणां नैष वध्यः कथंचन ॥८॥
8. brāhmaṇo yadi vā bālyāllobhādvā kṛtavānidam ,
vipriyaṁ pārthivendrāṇāṁ naiṣa vadhyaḥ kathaṁcana.
8. brāhmaṇaḥ yadi vā bālyāt lobhāt vā kṛtavān idam
vipriyam pārthivendrāṇām na eṣa vadhyaḥ kathaṃcana
8. If a Brahmin (brāhmaṇa) has committed this offense against the chief kings (pārthivendra), whether due to childishness or greed, he should by no means be slain.
ब्राह्मणार्थं हि नो राज्यं जीवितं च वसूनि च ।
पुत्रपौत्रं च यच्चान्यदस्माकं विद्यते धनम् ॥९॥
9. brāhmaṇārthaṁ hi no rājyaṁ jīvitaṁ ca vasūni ca ,
putrapautraṁ ca yaccānyadasmākaṁ vidyate dhanam.
9. brāhmaṇārtham hi naḥ rājyam jīvitam ca vasūni ca
putrapautram ca yat ca anyat asmākam vidyate dhanam
9. Truly, our kingdom, our life, our wealth (vasu), and our progeny of sons and grandsons, along with any other possession (dhana) we have, are all for the sake of Brahmins (brāhmaṇa).
अवमानभयादेतत्स्वधर्मस्य च रक्षणात् ।
स्वयंवराणां चान्येषां मा भूदेवंविधा गतिः ॥१०॥
10. avamānabhayādetatsvadharmasya ca rakṣaṇāt ,
svayaṁvarāṇāṁ cānyeṣāṁ mā bhūdevaṁvidhā gatiḥ.
10. avamānabhayāt etat svadharmasya ca rakṣaṇāt
svayaṃvarāṇām ca anyeṣām mā bhūt evaṃvidhā gatiḥ
10. This (decision) is made due to fear of disrespect and for the preservation of our own natural law (dharma). Let not such a fate (gati) occur for other self-choice marriages (svayaṃvara) or for others in general.
इत्युक्त्वा राजशार्दूला हृष्टाः परिघबाहवः ।
द्रुपदं संजिघृक्षन्तः सायुधाः समुपाद्रवन् ॥११॥
11. ityuktvā rājaśārdūlā hṛṣṭāḥ parighabāhavaḥ ,
drupadaṁ saṁjighṛkṣantaḥ sāyudhāḥ samupādravan.
11. iti uktvā rājaśārdūlāḥ hṛṣṭāḥ parighabāhavaḥ
Drupadaṃ saṃjighṛkṣantaḥ sāyudhāḥ samupādravan
11. Having thus spoken, those best of kings, delighted, with arms like maces, and armed with weapons, rushed forth, intending to capture Drupada.
तान्गृहीतशरावापान्क्रुद्धानापततो नृपान् ।
द्रुपदो वीक्ष्य संत्रासाद्ब्राह्मणाञ्शरणं गतः ॥१२॥
12. tāngṛhītaśarāvāpānkruddhānāpatato nṛpān ,
drupado vīkṣya saṁtrāsādbrāhmaṇāñśaraṇaṁ gataḥ.
12. tān gṛhītaśarāvāpān kruddhān āpatataḥ nṛpān
Drupadaḥ vīkṣya saṃtrāsāt brāhmaṇān śaraṇaṃ gataḥ
12. Having seen those angry kings, who were approaching with drawn arrows, Drupada, out of terror, went for refuge to the Brahmins.
वेगेनापततस्तांस्तु प्रभिन्नानिव वारणान् ।
पाण्डुपुत्रौ महावीर्यौ प्रतीयतुररिंदमौ ॥१३॥
13. vegenāpatatastāṁstu prabhinnāniva vāraṇān ,
pāṇḍuputrau mahāvīryau pratīyaturariṁdamau.
13. vegena āpatataḥ tān tu prabhinnān iva vāraṇān
Pāṇḍuputrau mahāvīryau pratīyatuḥ arindamau
13. But the two sons of Pandu, the mighty destroyers of foes, confronted them as they rushed forward with speed, like infuriated elephants.
ततः समुत्पेतुरुदायुधास्ते महीक्षितो बद्धतलाङ्गुलित्राः ।
जिघांसमानाः कुरुराजपुत्रावमर्षयन्तोऽर्जुनभीमसेनौ ॥१४॥
14. tataḥ samutpeturudāyudhāste; mahīkṣito baddhatalāṅgulitrāḥ ,
jighāṁsamānāḥ kururājaputrā;vamarṣayanto'rjunabhīmasenau.
14. tataḥ samutpetuḥ udāyudhāḥ te mahīkṣitaḥ baddhatalāṅgulitrāḥ
jighāṃsamānāḥ Kururājaputrau amarṣayantaḥ Arjunabhīmasenau
14. Then those kings, with raised weapons and wearing arm-guards and finger-protectors, sprang up, wishing to kill the two sons of the Kuru king, Arjuna and Bhimasena, and provoking them.
ततस्तु भीमोऽद्भुतवीर्यकर्मा महाबलो वज्रसमानवीर्यः ।
उत्पाट्य दोर्भ्यां द्रुममेकवीरो निष्पत्रयामास यथा गजेन्द्रः ॥१५॥
15. tatastu bhīmo'dbhutavīryakarmā; mahābalo vajrasamānavīryaḥ ,
utpāṭya dorbhyāṁ drumamekavīro; niṣpatrayāmāsa yathā gajendraḥ.
15. tataḥ tu Bhīmaḥ adbhutavīryakarmā
mahābalaḥ vajrasamānavīryaḥ
utpāṭya dorbhyām drumam ekavīraḥ
niṣpatrayāmāsa yathā gajendraḥ
15. Then, indeed, Bhima, the unique hero, whose deeds were of amazing valor, who was greatly powerful and had strength like a thunderbolt, uprooted a tree with his two arms and stripped it bare of leaves, just as a lordly elephant would.
तं वृक्षमादाय रिपुप्रमाथी दण्डीव दण्डं पितृराज उग्रम् ।
तस्थौ समीपे पुरुषर्षभस्य पार्थस्य पार्थः पृथुदीर्घबाहुः ॥१६॥
16. taṁ vṛkṣamādāya ripupramāthī; daṇḍīva daṇḍaṁ pitṛrāja ugram ,
tasthau samīpe puruṣarṣabhasya; pārthasya pārthaḥ pṛthudīrghabāhuḥ.
16. tam vṛkṣam ādāya riprupramāthī
daṇḍī iva daṇḍam pitṛrājaḥ ugram
tasthau samīpe puruṣarṣabhasya
pārthasya pārthaḥ pṛthudīrghabāhuḥ
16. The slayer of enemies, Pārtha (Bhīma), possessing mighty long arms, stood near that best among men (puruṣa), Pārtha (Arjuna), holding that fierce tree like Yama (pitṛrāja) with his staff (daṇḍa).
तत्प्रेक्ष्य कर्मातिमनुष्यबुद्धेर्जिष्णोः सहभ्रातुरचिन्त्यकर्मा ।
दामोदरो भ्रातरमुग्रवीर्यं हलायुधं वाक्यमिदं बभाषे ॥१७॥
17. tatprekṣya karmātimanuṣyabuddhe;rjiṣṇoḥ sahabhrāturacintyakarmā ,
dāmodaro bhrātaramugravīryaṁ; halāyudhaṁ vākyamidaṁ babhāṣe.
17. tat prekṣya karma atimanuṣyabuddheḥ
jiṣṇoḥ sahabhrātuḥ acintyakarmā
dāmodaraḥ bhrātaram ugravīryam
halāyudham vākyam idam babhāṣe
17. Dāmodara (Kṛṣṇa), whose deeds are inconceivable, seeing that deed of Jiṣṇu (Arjuna), who possessed superhuman intelligence, and of his brother (Bhīma), spoke these words to his mighty brother, Halāyudha (Balarāma).
य एष मत्तर्षभतुल्यगामी महद्धनुः कर्षति तालमात्रम् ।
एषोऽर्जुनो नात्र विचार्यमस्ति यद्यस्मि संकर्षण वासुदेवः ॥१८॥
18. ya eṣa mattarṣabhatulyagāmī; mahaddhanuḥ karṣati tālamātram ,
eṣo'rjuno nātra vicāryamasti; yadyasmi saṁkarṣaṇa vāsudevaḥ.
18. yaḥ eṣa mattarṣabhatulyagāmī
mahat dhanuḥ karṣati tālamātram
eṣaḥ arjunaḥ na atra vicāryam asti
yadi asmi saṃkarṣaṇa vāsudevaḥ
18. He who walks like an intoxicated bull and draws this great bow (dhanus) the length of a tāla tree, he is Arjuna; there is no doubt about it. O Saṃkarṣaṇa (Balarāma), if I am Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa), then this is so.
य एष वृक्षं तरसावरुज्य राज्ञां विकारे सहसा निवृत्तः ।
वृकोदरो नान्य इहैतदद्य कर्तुं समर्थो भुवि मर्त्यधर्मा ॥१९॥
19. ya eṣa vṛkṣaṁ tarasāvarujya; rājñāṁ vikāre sahasā nivṛttaḥ ,
vṛkodaro nānya ihaitadadya; kartuṁ samartho bhuvi martyadharmā.
19. yaḥ eṣa vṛkṣam tarasā avaruhya
rājñām vikāre sahasā nivṛttaḥ
vṛkodaraḥ na anyaḥ iha etat adya
kartum samarthaḥ bhuvi martyadharmā
19. He who violently tore down the tree and quickly turned back from the disturbance of the kings—that is Vṛkodara (Bhīma). No other mortal (martyadharma) on earth today is capable of doing this here.
योऽसौ पुरस्तात्कमलायताक्षस्तनुर्महासिंहगतिर्विनीतः ।
गौरः प्रलम्बोज्ज्वलचारुघोणो विनिःसृतः सोऽच्युत धर्मराजः ॥२०॥
20. yo'sau purastātkamalāyatākṣa;stanurmahāsiṁhagatirvinītaḥ ,
gauraḥ pralambojjvalacārughoṇo; viniḥsṛtaḥ so'cyuta dharmarājaḥ.
20. yaḥ asau purastāt kamalāyatākṣaḥ
tanuḥ mahāsiṃhagatiḥ vinītaḥ
gauraḥ pralambojjvalacārughoṇaḥ
viniḥsṛtaḥ saḥ acyuta dharmarājaḥ
20. O Acyuta (Kṛṣṇa), the one who has emerged in front, with lotus-like wide eyes, a slender body, the gait of a great lion, modest, fair-complexioned, and with a prominent, radiant, beautiful nose—that is King Yudhiṣṭhira (dharmarāja).
यौ तौ कुमाराविव कार्त्तिकेयौ द्वावश्विनेयाविति मे प्रतर्कः ।
मुक्ता हि तस्माज्जतुवेश्मदाहान्मया श्रुताः पाण्डुसुताः पृथा च ॥२१॥
21. yau tau kumārāviva kārttikeyau; dvāvaśvineyāviti me pratarkaḥ ,
muktā hi tasmājjatuveśmadāhā;nmayā śrutāḥ pāṇḍusutāḥ pṛthā ca.
21. yau tau kumārāv iva kārttikeyau
dvau aśvineyau iti me pratarkaḥ
| muktāḥ hi tasmāt jatuveśmadāhāt
mayā śrutāḥ pāṇḍusutāḥ pṛthā ca
21. My conjecture is that those two are like two Kārttikeyas, or like the two Aśvinīkumāras. Indeed, I have heard that Pāṇḍu's sons and Pṛthā were released from the burning of the lac-house.
तमब्रवीन्निर्मलतोयदाभो हलायुधोऽनन्तरजं प्रतीतः ।
प्रीतोऽस्मि दिष्ट्या हि पितृष्वसा नः पृथा विमुक्ता सह कौरवाग्र्यैः ॥२२॥
22. tamabravīnnirmalatoyadābho; halāyudho'nantarajaṁ pratītaḥ ,
prīto'smi diṣṭyā hi pitṛṣvasā naḥ; pṛthā vimuktā saha kauravāgryaiḥ.
22. tam abravīt nirmalatoyadābhaḥ
halāyudhaḥ anantarajam pratītaḥ |
prītaḥ asmi diṣṭyā hi pitṛṣvasā naḥ
pṛthā vimuktā saha kauravāgryaiḥ
22. Shining like a clear cloud and bearing a plough as his weapon, the pleased Balarāma said to his younger brother (Kṛṣṇa): 'I am indeed pleased that, by good fortune, our aunt Pṛthā has been released along with the foremost among the Kurus (the Pāṇḍavas).'