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महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-2

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वैशंपायन उवाच ।
स एवमुक्तस्तु मुनिर्नारदो वदतां वरः ।
कथयामास तत्सर्वं यथा शप्तः स सूतजः ॥१॥
1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
sa evamuktastu munirnārado vadatāṁ varaḥ ,
kathayāmāsa tatsarvaṁ yathā śaptaḥ sa sūtajaḥ.
1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca sa evaṃ uktaḥ tu muniḥ nāradaḥ vadatām
varaḥ kathayām āsa tat sarvam yathā śaptaḥ sa sūta-jaḥ
1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca saḥ vadatām varaḥ nāradaḥ muniḥ evam
uktaḥ tu tat sarvam yathā saḥ sūta-jaḥ śaptaḥ kathayām āsa
1. Vaiśampāyana said: The sage Nārada, who was the best among speakers, being thus addressed, then recounted everything just as that charioteer's son (sūta-ja) had been cursed.
एवमेतन्महाबाहो यथा वदसि भारत ।
न कर्णार्जुनयोः किंचिदविषह्यं भवेद्रणे ॥२॥
2. evametanmahābāho yathā vadasi bhārata ,
na karṇārjunayoḥ kiṁcidaviṣahyaṁ bhavedraṇe.
2. evam etat mahābāho yathā vadasi bhārata na
karṇārjunayoḥ kiṃcid aviṣahyam bhavet raṇe
2. mahābāho bhārata,
etat evam yathā vadasi (asti).
karṇārjunayoḥ raṇe kiṃcit aviṣahyam na bhavet.
2. O mighty-armed one (mahābāho), O descendant of Bharata (Bhārata), this is indeed just as you say. Nothing would be unbearable in battle for Karṇa and Arjuna.
गुह्यमेतत्तु देवानां कथयिष्यामि ते नृप ।
तन्निबोध महाराज यथा वृत्तमिदं पुरा ॥३॥
3. guhyametattu devānāṁ kathayiṣyāmi te nṛpa ,
tannibodha mahārāja yathā vṛttamidaṁ purā.
3. guhyam etat tu devānām kathayiṣyāmi te nṛpa
tat nibodha mahārāja yathā vṛttam idam purā
3. nṛpa,
devānām etat guhyam tu te kathayiṣyāmi.
mahārāja,
tat yathā idam purā vṛttam (tad) nibodha.
3. But, O king (nṛpa), I will tell you this secret of the gods. Therefore, O great king (mahārāja), listen to how this indeed occurred in ancient times.
क्षत्रं स्वर्गं कथं गच्छेच्छस्त्रपूतमिति प्रभो ।
संघर्षजननस्तस्मात्कन्यागर्भो विनिर्मितः ॥४॥
4. kṣatraṁ svargaṁ kathaṁ gacchecchastrapūtamiti prabho ,
saṁgharṣajananastasmātkanyāgarbho vinirmitaḥ.
4. kṣatram svargam katham gacchet śastrapūtam iti prabho
| saṃgharṣajananaḥ tasmāt kanyāgarbhaḥ vinirmitaḥ
4. prabho,
śastrapūtam kṣatram katham svargam gacchet? tasmāt saṃgharṣajananaḥ kanyāgarbhaḥ iti vinirmitaḥ
4. O lord, how can a warrior, purified by weapons, attain heaven? It is for this very reason that a maiden's pregnancy, generating much conflict, was fashioned.
स बालस्तेजसा युक्तः सूतपुत्रत्वमागतः ।
चकाराङ्गिरसां श्रेष्ठे धनुर्वेदं गुरौ तव ॥५॥
5. sa bālastejasā yuktaḥ sūtaputratvamāgataḥ ,
cakārāṅgirasāṁ śreṣṭhe dhanurvedaṁ gurau tava.
5. saḥ bālaḥ tejasā yuktaḥ sūtaputratvam āgataḥ |
cakāra aṅgirasām śreṣṭhe dhanurvedam gurau tava
5. saḥ bālaḥ tejasā yuktaḥ sūtaputratvam āgataḥ,
tava gurau aṅgirasām śreṣṭhe dhanurvedam cakāra
5. He, as a boy, endowed with splendor, though having attained the status of a charioteer's son, studied the science of archery (dhanurveda) from your preeminent teacher (guru), the best among the Aṅgirases.
स बलं भीमसेनस्य फल्गुनस्य च लाघवम् ।
बुद्धिं च तव राजेन्द्र यमयोर्विनयं तथा ॥६॥
6. sa balaṁ bhīmasenasya phalgunasya ca lāghavam ,
buddhiṁ ca tava rājendra yamayorvinayaṁ tathā.
6. saḥ balam bhīmasenasya phalgunasya ca lāghavam
| buddhim ca tava rājendra yamayoḥ vinayam tathā
6. saḥ bhīmasenasya balam,
phalgunasya ca lāghavam,
rājendra tava ca buddhim,
tathā yamayoḥ vinayam (cintayānaḥ)
6. He (Karna reflected upon) Bhīmasena's strength, Phālguna's (Arjuna's) dexterity, and your intelligence, O great king, and likewise the humility of the twins (Nakula and Sahadeva).
सख्यं च वासुदेवेन बाल्ये गाण्डीवधन्वनः ।
प्रजानामनुरागं च चिन्तयानो व्यदह्यत ॥७॥
7. sakhyaṁ ca vāsudevena bālye gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ ,
prajānāmanurāgaṁ ca cintayāno vyadahyata.
7. sakhyam ca vāsudevena bālye gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ
| prajānām anurāgam ca cintayānaḥ vyadahyata
7. gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ ca vāsudevena bālye sakhyam,
prajānām ca anurāgam cintayānaḥ,
saḥ vyadahyata
7. And the friendship of Arjuna, the wielder of Gāṇḍīva, with Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa) from childhood, and the affection of the people (prajā) – contemplating all this, he was tormented.
स सख्यमगमद्बाल्ये राज्ञा दुर्योधनेन वै ।
युष्माभिर्नित्यसंद्विष्टो दैवाच्चापि स्वभावतः ॥८॥
8. sa sakhyamagamadbālye rājñā duryodhanena vai ,
yuṣmābhirnityasaṁdviṣṭo daivāccāpi svabhāvataḥ.
8. sa sakhyam agamat bālye rājñā duryodhanena vai
yuṣmābhiḥ nityasandviṣṭaḥ daivāt ca api svabhāvataḥ
8. sa rājñā duryodhanena vai bālye sakhyam agamat
yuṣmābhiḥ daivāt ca api svabhāvataḥ nityasandviṣṭaḥ
8. He formed a friendship with King Duryodhana in childhood, as he was constantly disliked by you all, both by destiny and by his intrinsic nature (svabhāva).
विद्याधिकमथालक्ष्य धनुर्वेदे धनंजयम् ।
द्रोणं रहस्युपागम्य कर्णो वचनमब्रवीत् ॥९॥
9. vidyādhikamathālakṣya dhanurvede dhanaṁjayam ,
droṇaṁ rahasyupāgamya karṇo vacanamabravīt.
9. vidyādhikam atha ālakṣya dhanurvede dhanañjayam
droṇam rahasi upāgamya karṇaḥ vacanam abravīt
9. atha droṇam rahasi upāgamya karṇaḥ dhanurvede
dhanañjayam vidyādhikam ālakṣya vacanam abravīt
9. Then, noticing Dhananjaya (Arjuna) as superior in skill (vidyā) in archery (dhanurveda), Karna secretly approached Drona and spoke these words.
ब्रह्मास्त्रं वेत्तुमिच्छामि सरहस्यनिवर्तनम् ।
अर्जुनेन समो युद्धे भवेयमिति मे मतिः ॥१०॥
10. brahmāstraṁ vettumicchāmi sarahasyanivartanam ,
arjunena samo yuddhe bhaveyamiti me matiḥ.
10. brahmāstram vettum icchāmi sarahasyanivartanam
arjunena samaḥ yuddhe bhaveyam iti me matiḥ
10. aham brahmāstram sarahasyanivartanam vettum
icchāmi yuddhe arjunena samaḥ bhaveyam iti me matiḥ
10. I wish to learn the Brahmastra (brahmāstra), along with its methods of deployment and withdrawal. It is my desire that I may become equal to Arjuna in battle.
समः पुत्रेषु च स्नेहः शिष्येषु च तव ध्रुवम् ।
त्वत्प्रसादान्न मां ब्रूयुरकृतास्त्रं विचक्षणाः ॥११॥
11. samaḥ putreṣu ca snehaḥ śiṣyeṣu ca tava dhruvam ,
tvatprasādānna māṁ brūyurakṛtāstraṁ vicakṣaṇāḥ.
11. samaḥ putreṣu ca snehaḥ śiṣyeṣu ca tava dhruvam
tvatprasādāt na mām brūyuḥ akṛtāstram vicakṣaṇāḥ
11. tava putreṣu ca śiṣyeṣu ca snehaḥ dhruvam samaḥ
vicakṣaṇāḥ tvatprasādāt mām akṛtāstram na brūyuḥ
11. Your affection (sneha) for your own sons and for your students (śiṣya) is certainly equal. Thus, by your grace, may discerning people not say that I am unskilled in weapons.
द्रोणस्तथोक्तः कर्णेन सापेक्षः फल्गुनं प्रति ।
दौरात्म्यं चापि कर्णस्य विदित्वा तमुवाच ह ॥१२॥
12. droṇastathoktaḥ karṇena sāpekṣaḥ phalgunaṁ prati ,
daurātmyaṁ cāpi karṇasya viditvā tamuvāca ha.
12. droṇaḥ tathā uktaḥ karṇena sāpekṣaḥ phalgunam prati
daurātmyam ca api karṇasya viditvā tam uvāca ha
12. droṇaḥ karṇena tathā uktaḥ phalgunam prati sāpekṣaḥ
karṇasya daurātmyam ca api viditvā tam ha uvāca
12. Drona, thus spoken to by Karna, and having a special regard for Arjuna, understood Karna's evil nature (daurātmya) and then indeed spoke to him.
ब्रह्मास्त्रं ब्राह्मणो विद्याद्यथावच्चरितव्रतः ।
क्षत्रियो वा तपस्वी यो नान्यो विद्यात्कथंचन ॥१३॥
13. brahmāstraṁ brāhmaṇo vidyādyathāvaccaritavrataḥ ,
kṣatriyo vā tapasvī yo nānyo vidyātkathaṁcana.
13. brahmāstram brāhmaṇaḥ vidyāt yathāvat caritavrataḥ
kṣatriyaḥ vā tapasvī yaḥ na anyaḥ vidyāt kathaṃcana
13. yathāvat caritavrataḥ brāhmaṇaḥ brahmāstram vidyāt
vā yaḥ tapasvī kṣatriyaḥ na anyaḥ kathaṃcana vidyāt
13. Only a Brahmin who has properly fulfilled his vows, or a Kṣatriya who is an ascetic (tapasvī), should know the Brahmastra (brahmāstra). No other person should ever learn it by any means.
इत्युक्तोऽङ्गिरसां श्रेष्ठमामन्त्र्य प्रतिपूज्य च ।
जगाम सहसा रामं महेन्द्रं पर्वतं प्रति ॥१४॥
14. ityukto'ṅgirasāṁ śreṣṭhamāmantrya pratipūjya ca ,
jagāma sahasā rāmaṁ mahendraṁ parvataṁ prati.
14. iti uktaḥ aṅgirasāṃ śreṣṭham āmantrya pratipūjya
ca jagāma sahasā rāmam mahendram parvatam prati
14. iti uktaḥ aṅgirasāṃ śreṣṭham āmantrya ca pratipūjya
sahasā rāmam mahendram parvatam prati jagāma
14. Thus spoken to (by Drona), Karna then took leave of and duly honored the best of the Angirasas (Parashurama), and immediately went towards Mount Mahendra to meet Rama (Parashurama).
स तु राममुपागम्य शिरसाभिप्रणम्य च ।
ब्राह्मणो भार्गवोऽस्मीति गौरवेणाभ्यगच्छत ॥१५॥
15. sa tu rāmamupāgamya śirasābhipraṇamya ca ,
brāhmaṇo bhārgavo'smīti gauraveṇābhyagacchata.
15. saḥ tu rāmam upāgamya śirasā abhipraṇamya ca
brāhmaṇaḥ bhārgavaḥ asmi iti gauraveṇa abhyagacchata
15. saḥ tu rāmam upāgamya ca śirasā abhipraṇamya
"brāhmaṇaḥ bhārgavaḥ asmi" iti gauraveṇa abhyagacchata
15. He (Karna), having approached Rama (Parashurama) and bowed down with his head, then respectfully introduced himself, saying, "I am a Brahmin, a descendant of Bhrigu."
रामस्तं प्रतिजग्राह पृष्ट्वा गोत्रादि सर्वशः ।
उष्यतां स्वागतं चेति प्रीतिमांश्चाभवद्भृशम् ॥१६॥
16. rāmastaṁ pratijagrāha pṛṣṭvā gotrādi sarvaśaḥ ,
uṣyatāṁ svāgataṁ ceti prītimāṁścābhavadbhṛśam.
16. rāmaḥ tam pratijagrāha pṛṣṭvā gotrādi sarvaśaḥ
uṣyatām svāgatam ca iti prītimān ca abhavat bhṛśam
16. rāmaḥ tam gotrādi sarvaśaḥ pṛṣṭvā pratijagrāha
uṣyatām svāgatam ca iti ca bhṛśam prītimān abhavat
16. Rama received him, asking fully about his lineage and all other details. He said, "Please stay, and welcome," and became very much delighted.
तत्र कर्णस्य वसतो महेन्द्रे पर्वतोत्तमे ।
गन्धर्वै राक्षसैर्यक्षैर्देवैश्चासीत्समागमः ॥१७॥
17. tatra karṇasya vasato mahendre parvatottame ,
gandharvai rākṣasairyakṣairdevaiścāsītsamāgamaḥ.
17. tatra karṇasya vasataḥ mahendre parvatottame
gandharvaiḥ rākṣasaiḥ yakṣaiḥ devaiḥ ca āsīt samāgamaḥ
17. tatra mahendre parvatottame karṇasya vasataḥ
gandharvaiḥ rākṣasaiḥ yakṣaiḥ devaiḥ ca samāgamaḥ āsīt
17. While Karna was residing there on the supreme Mahendra mountain, he had encounters with Gandharvas, Rakshasas, Yakshas, and Devas.
स तत्रेष्वस्त्रमकरोद्भृगुश्रेष्ठाद्यथाविधि ।
प्रियश्चाभवदत्यर्थं देवगन्धर्वरक्षसाम् ॥१८॥
18. sa tatreṣvastramakarodbhṛguśreṣṭhādyathāvidhi ,
priyaścābhavadatyarthaṁ devagandharvarakṣasām.
18. saḥ tatra iṣvastram akarot bhṛguśreṣṭhāt yathāvidhi
priyaḥ ca abhavat atyartham devagandharvarakṣasām
18. saḥ tatra bhṛguśreṣṭhāt yathāvidhi iṣvastram akarot
ca devagandharvarakṣasām atyartham priyaḥ abhavat
18. There, he properly acquired knowledge of missile-weaponry from the foremost of the Bhrigus (Paraśurāma). And he became exceedingly dear to the Devas, Gandharvas, and Rakshasas.
स कदाचित्समुद्रान्ते विचरन्नाश्रमान्तिके ।
एकः खड्गधनुष्पाणिः परिचक्राम सूतजः ॥१९॥
19. sa kadācitsamudrānte vicarannāśramāntike ,
ekaḥ khaḍgadhanuṣpāṇiḥ paricakrāma sūtajaḥ.
19. saḥ kadācit samudrānte vicaran āśramāntike
ekaḥ khaḍgadhanuṣpāṇiḥ paricakrāma sūtajaḥ
19. kadācit saḥ sūtajaḥ ekaḥ khaḍgadhanuṣpāṇiḥ
samudrānte āśramāntike vicaran paricakrāma
19. Once, the son of a charioteer (Karna), while wandering alone near the seashore and the hermitage, moved about with a sword and a bow in his hand.
सोऽग्निहोत्रप्रसक्तस्य कस्यचिद्ब्रह्मवादिनः ।
जघानाज्ञानतः पार्थ होमधेनुं यदृच्छया ॥२०॥
20. so'gnihotraprasaktasya kasyacidbrahmavādinaḥ ,
jaghānājñānataḥ pārtha homadhenuṁ yadṛcchayā.
20. saḥ agnihotraprasaktasya kasyacit brahmavādinaḥ
jaghāna ajñānataḥ pārtha homadhenum yadṛcchayā
20. pārtha saḥ ajñānataḥ yadṛcchayā agnihotraprasaktasya
kasyacit brahmavādinaḥ homadhenum jaghāna
20. O Pārtha, he, unknowingly and by chance, killed the sacrificial cow of a certain knower of the Vedas (brahman) who was devoted to the Agnihotra (yajña).
तदज्ञानकृतं मत्वा ब्राह्मणाय न्यवेदयत् ।
कर्णः प्रसादयंश्चैनमिदमित्यब्रवीद्वचः ॥२१॥
21. tadajñānakṛtaṁ matvā brāhmaṇāya nyavedayat ,
karṇaḥ prasādayaṁścainamidamityabravīdvacaḥ.
21. tat ajñānakṛtam matvā brāhmaṇāya nyavedayat
karṇaḥ prasādayan ca enam idam iti abravīt vacaḥ
21. karṇaḥ tat ajñānakṛtam matvā brāhmaṇāya
enam prasādayan ca idam iti vacaḥ abravīt
21. Karṇa, acknowledging that it was an unintentional act, reported it to the Brahmin. And while trying to appease him, he spoke these words:
अबुद्धिपूर्वं भगवन्धेनुरेषा हता तव ।
मया तत्र प्रसादं मे कुरुष्वेति पुनः पुनः ॥२२॥
22. abuddhipūrvaṁ bhagavandhenureṣā hatā tava ,
mayā tatra prasādaṁ me kuruṣveti punaḥ punaḥ.
22. abuddhipūrvam bhagavan dhenuḥ eṣā hatā tava
mayā tatra prasādam me kuruṣva iti punaḥ punaḥ
22. bhagavan eṣā tava dhenuḥ mayā abuddhipūrvam
hatā tatra me punaḥ punaḥ prasādam kuruṣva iti
22. O venerable one, this cow of yours was unintentionally killed by me. Therefore, please show me your grace (prasāda) in this matter, I beg you again and again.
तं स विप्रोऽब्रवीत्क्रुद्धो वाचा निर्भर्त्सयन्निव ।
दुराचार वधार्हस्त्वं फलं प्राप्नुहि दुर्मते ॥२३॥
23. taṁ sa vipro'bravītkruddho vācā nirbhartsayanniva ,
durācāra vadhārhastvaṁ phalaṁ prāpnuhi durmate.
23. tam saḥ vipraḥ abravīt kruddhaḥ vācā nirbhartsayan
iva durācāra vadhārhaḥ tvam phalam prāpnuhi durmate
23. saḥ kruddhaḥ vipraḥ vācā nirbhartsayan iva tam abravīt
durācāra durmate tvam vadhārhaḥ phalam prāpnuhi
23. That Brahmin, enraged, spoke to him as if rebuking him with words: 'O ill-behaved one, you deserve death! O evil-minded one, receive your due consequence!'
येन विस्पर्धसे नित्यं यदर्थं घटसेऽनिशम् ।
युध्यतस्तेन ते पाप भूमिश्चक्रं ग्रसिष्यति ॥२४॥
24. yena vispardhase nityaṁ yadarthaṁ ghaṭase'niśam ,
yudhyatastena te pāpa bhūmiścakraṁ grasiṣyati.
24. yena vispardhase nityaṃ yat artham ghaṭase aniśam
| yudhyataḥ tena te pāpa bhūmiḥ cakram grasiṣyati
24. pāpa! yena nityaṃ vispardhase,
yat artham aniśam ghaṭase,
tena yudhyataḥ,
te cakram bhūmiḥ grasiṣyati.
24. O sinful one, while you fight against him with whom you perpetually compete and for whom you tirelessly strive, the earth will swallow your chariot wheel.
ततश्चक्रे महीग्रस्ते मूर्धानं ते विचेतसः ।
पातयिष्यति विक्रम्य शत्रुर्गच्छ नराधम ॥२५॥
25. tataścakre mahīgraste mūrdhānaṁ te vicetasaḥ ,
pātayiṣyati vikramya śatrurgaccha narādhama.
25. tataḥ cakre mahī graste mūrdhānam te vicetasaḥ
| pātayiṣyati vikramya śatruḥ gaccha narādhama
25. tataḥ,
cakre mahī graste (sati),
śatruḥ vikramya te vicetasaḥ mūrdhānam pātayiṣyati.
narādhama,
gaccha!
25. Then, when your wheel is swallowed by the earth, your enemy, having attacked forcefully, will strike down your senseless head. Go, O wretch!
यथेयं गौर्हता मूढ प्रमत्तेन त्वया मम ।
प्रमत्तस्यैवमेवान्यः शिरस्ते पातयिष्यति ॥२६॥
26. yatheyaṁ gaurhatā mūḍha pramattena tvayā mama ,
pramattasyaivamevānyaḥ śiraste pātayiṣyati.
26. yathā iyam gauḥ hatā mūḍha pramattena tvayā mama
| pramattasya evam eva anyaḥ śiraḥ te pātayiṣyati
26. mūḍha! yathā iyam mama gauḥ pramattena tvayā hatā,
evam eva anyaḥ pramattasya te śiraḥ pātayiṣyati.
26. O fool, just as this cow of mine was killed by you, who were careless, so too will another strike down your head when you are careless.
ततः प्रसादयामास पुनस्तं द्विजसत्तमम् ।
गोभिर्धनैश्च रत्नैश्च स चैनं पुनरब्रवीत् ॥२७॥
27. tataḥ prasādayāmāsa punastaṁ dvijasattamam ,
gobhirdhanaiśca ratnaiśca sa cainaṁ punarabravīt.
27. tataḥ prasādayām āsa punaḥ tam dvijasattamam | gobhiḥ
dhanaiḥ ca ratnaiḥ ca saḥ ca enam punaḥ abravīt
27. tataḥ,
saḥ tam dvijasattamam gobhiḥ,
dhanaiḥ ca,
ratnaiḥ ca punaḥ prasādayām āsa.
ca enam saḥ punaḥ abravīt.
27. Then, he again propitiated that best of Brahmins (dvijasattama) with cows, wealth, and jewels. But the Brahmin (dvijasattama) then spoke to him again.
नेदं मद्व्याहृतं कुर्यात्सर्वलोकोऽपि वै मृषा ।
गच्छ वा तिष्ठ वा यद्वा कार्यं ते तत्समाचर ॥२८॥
28. nedaṁ madvyāhṛtaṁ kuryātsarvaloko'pi vai mṛṣā ,
gaccha vā tiṣṭha vā yadvā kāryaṁ te tatsamācara.
28. na idam madvyāhṛtam kuryāt sarvalokaḥ api vai mṛṣā
gaccha vā tiṣṭha vā yat vā kāryam te tat samācara
28. sarvalokaḥ api vai idam madvyāhṛtam mṛṣā na kuryāt;
gaccha vā tiṣṭha vā; yat vā kāryam te tat samācara
28. Even the entire world cannot make what I have spoken false. Therefore, whether you go or stay, whatever is your duty, perform that properly.
इत्युक्तो ब्राह्मणेनाथ कर्णो दैन्यादधोमुखः ।
राममभ्यागमद्भीतस्तदेव मनसा स्मरन् ॥२९॥
29. ityukto brāhmaṇenātha karṇo dainyādadhomukhaḥ ,
rāmamabhyāgamadbhītastadeva manasā smaran.
29. iti uktaḥ brāhmaṇena atha karṇaḥ dainyāt adhomukhaḥ
rāmam abhiāgamat bhītaḥ tat eva manasā smaran
29. atha iti brāhmaṇena uktaḥ karṇaḥ dainyāt adhomukhaḥ,
bhītaḥ manasā tat eva smaran,
rāmam abhiāgamat.
29. Thus spoken to by the Brahmin, Karṇa, dejected and with a downward face due to his wretchedness, approached Rāma, frightened, remembering that very thing in his mind.