महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-180, verse-22

तमब्रवीन्निर्मलतोयदाभो हलायुधोऽनन्तरजं प्रतीतः ।
प्रीतोऽस्मि दिष्ट्या हि पितृष्वसा नः पृथा विमुक्ता सह कौरवाग्र्यैः ॥२२॥

22. tamabravīnnirmalatoyadābho; halāyudho'nantarajaṁ pratītaḥ ,
prīto'smi diṣṭyā hi pitṛṣvasā naḥ; pṛthā vimuktā saha kauravāgryaiḥ.

22. tam abravīt nirmalatoyadābhaḥ
halāyudhaḥ anantarajam pratītaḥ |
prītaḥ asmi diṣṭyā hi pitṛṣvasā naḥ
pṛthā vimuktā saha kauravāgryaiḥ

22. Shining like a clear cloud and bearing a plough as his weapon, the pleased Balarāma said to his younger brother (Kṛṣṇa): 'I am indeed pleased that, by good fortune, our aunt Pṛthā has been released along with the foremost among the Kurus (the Pāṇḍavas).'

22. הַלָאיוּדְהַא, בהיר כענן מלא מים צלולים, אמר בשמחה לאחיו הצעיר, אני שמח, ברוך המזל, שפְּרְתְהָא, אחות אבינו, ניצלה יחד עם מיטב הקַאוּרַוַה.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to his younger brother (Kṛṣṇa) (him, that)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

• निर्मलतोयदाभः (nirmalatoyadābhaḥ) - having the luster of a clear cloud

• हलायुधः (halāyudhaḥ) - one whose weapon is a plough, Balarāma

• अनन्तरजम् (anantarajam) - to Kṛṣṇa (younger brother)

• प्रतीतः (pratītaḥ) - pleased, confident, known

• प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, delighted

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by good luck, by destiny

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• पितृष्वसा (pitṛṣvasā) - father's sister, aunt

• नः (naḥ) - our, to us

• पृथा (pṛthā) - Pṛthā (Kuntī)

• विमुक्ता (vimuktā) - released, liberated

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• कौरवाग्र्यैः (kauravāgryaiḥ) - referring to the Pāṇḍavas (with the chief Kurus, with the foremost among the Kurus)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to his younger brother (Kṛṣṇa) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Object of abravīt.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect 3rd singular active

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The a- is the augment for past tense.

निर्मलतोयदाभः (nirmalatoyadābhaḥ) - having the luster of a clear cloud

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirmalatoyadābha

nirmalatoyadābha - having the lustre of a clear cloud

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nirmala+toyada+ābha)

• nirmala – clean, pure, clear, spotless
  adjective
  Prefix: nir
  Root: mal
• toyada – cloud (giver of water)
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  derived from toya (water) + da (giver, from root dā)
  Root: dā (class 3)
• ābha – luster, resemblance, appearance
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Epithet for Balarāma.

हलायुधः (halāyudhaḥ) - one whose weapon is a plough, Balarāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of halāyudha

halāyudha - having a plough as a weapon (epithet of Balarāma)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hala+āyudha)

• hala – plough
  noun (masculine)
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of abravīt.

अनन्तरजम् (anantarajam) - to Kṛṣṇa (younger brother)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anantaraja

anantaraja - younger brother (born after)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anantara+ja)

• anantara – next, immediate, contiguous
  adjective
  Prefixes: an+antara
• ja – born, produced
  adjective
  agent noun/suffix
  derived from root jan (to be born) + ḍa suffix
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of abravīt (person spoken to).

प्रतीतः (pratītaḥ) - pleased, confident, known

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratīta

pratīta - pleased, confident, understood, known

Past Passive Participle

derived from root i (to go) with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with halāyudhaḥ.

प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, delighted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, delighted, satisfied

Past Passive Particple

derived from root prī (to please) + kta suffix

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Predicative adjective with asmi.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

present 1st singular active

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Null subject 'I'.

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by good luck, by destiny

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of diṣṭi

diṣṭi - destiny, luck, good fortune

Note: Adverbial use.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

पितृष्वसा (pitṛṣvasā) - father's sister, aunt

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pitṛṣvasṛ

pitṛṣvasṛ - father's sister, paternal aunt

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+svasṛ)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• svasṛ – sister
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of vimuktā.

नः (naḥ) - our, to us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, me, my

Note: Also dative/accusative plural. Here genitive 'our'.

पृथा (pṛthā) - Pṛthā (Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛthā

pṛthā - Pṛthā (Kuntī)

Note: Subject of vimuktā.

विमुक्ता (vimuktā) - released, liberated

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vimukta

vimukta - released, liberated, set free

Past Passive Participle

derived from root muc (to release) with prefix vi + kta suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Agrees with pṛthā.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

कौरवाग्र्यैः (kauravāgryaiḥ) - referring to the Pāṇḍavas (with the chief Kurus, with the foremost among the Kurus)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kauravāgrya

kauravāgrya - chief Kuru, foremost among the Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kaurava+āgrya)

• kaurava – descendant of Kuru
  noun (masculine)
  patronymic from Kuru
• āgrya – chief, foremost, principal
  adjective
  Prefix: ā

Note: Governed by saha.

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