महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-131, verse-9

प्रमृते मयि धर्मात्मन्पुत्रदारं नशिष्यति ।
रक्षमाणः कपोतं त्वं बहून्प्राणान्नशिष्यसि ॥९॥

9. pramṛte mayi dharmātmanputradāraṁ naśiṣyati ,
rakṣamāṇaḥ kapotaṁ tvaṁ bahūnprāṇānnaśiṣyasi.

9. pramṛte mayi dharmātman putradāram naśiṣyati
rakṣamāṇaḥ kapotam tvam bahūn prāṇān naśiṣyasi

9. O virtuous one (dharmātman), if I perish, my children and wife will die. By protecting this pigeon, you will be responsible for the loss of many lives.

9. הו צדיק, כשאמות, יאבדו גם אשתי ובני. וכך, בהגנתך על היונה, תגרום לאובדן חיים רבים.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रमृते (pramṛte) - when dead, having died, having perished

• मयि (mayi) - in me, on me, regarding me

• धर्मात्मन् (dharmātman) - O virtuous one, O righteous one

• पुत्रदारम् (putradāram) - children and wife, sons and wife

• नशिष्यति (naśiṣyati) - will perish, will be destroyed, will die

• रक्षमाणः (rakṣamāṇaḥ) - protecting, guarding, saving

• कपोतम् (kapotam) - pigeon

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• बहून् (bahūn) - many

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - the lives of the hawk's family members (lives, vital breaths, vital airs)

• नशिष्यसि (naśiṣyasi) - you will be responsible for the loss of (will perish, will be lost, will cause to be lost)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रमृते (pramṛte) - when dead, having died, having perished

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pramṛta

pramṛta - dead, deceased, perished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `mṛ` (to die) with prefix `pra-`.

Prefix: pra

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Used here in locative absolute construction with 'mayi'.

मयि (mayi) - in me, on me, regarding me

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Part of a locative absolute phrase (`pramṛte mayi`).

धर्मात्मन् (dharmātman) - O virtuous one, O righteous one

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - virtuous, righteous, one whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is goodness

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing the listener as one with a virtuous nature (dharma).

पुत्रदारम् (putradāram) - children and wife, sons and wife

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of putradāra

putradāra - children and wife, sons and wife

Compound type : dvandva (putra+dāra)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• dāra – wife
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the collective family of the speaker (hawk).

नशिष्यति (naśiṣyati) - will perish, will be destroyed, will die

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of naś

Future tense

Root `naś` (class 4) forms future `naśiṣyati`.

Root: naś (class 4)

रक्षमाणः (rakṣamāṇaḥ) - protecting, guarding, saving

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣamāṇa

rakṣamāṇa - one who is protecting, protecting

Present Middle Participle

From root `rakṣ` (class 1).

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `tvam` (you).

कपोतम् (kapotam) - pigeon

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kapota

kapota - pigeon, dove

Note: Object of `rakṣamāṇaḥ`.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular or plural)

Note: Subject of `naśiṣyasi`.

बहून् (bahūn) - many

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Qualifies `prāṇān`.

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - the lives of the hawk's family members (lives, vital breaths, vital airs)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life, vital air, vital principle

From `pra-an` (to breathe forth).

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of `naśiṣyasi`. Here, refers to the lives dependent on the hawk.

नशिष्यसि (naśiṣyasi) - you will be responsible for the loss of (will perish, will be lost, will cause to be lost)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of naś

Future tense

Root `naś` (class 4). Used here in the sense of 'cause to be lost', implying responsibility.

Root: naś (class 4)

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