मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-8, verse-78
पक्षिण ऊचुः ।
तमेवमुक्त्वा राजेन्द्रं निष्ठुरं निर्घृणं वचः ।
तदादाय धनं तूर्णं कुपितः कौशिको ययौ ॥७८॥
तमेवमुक्त्वा राजेन्द्रं निष्ठुरं निर्घृणं वचः ।
तदादाय धनं तूर्णं कुपितः कौशिको ययौ ॥७८॥
78. pakṣiṇa ūcuḥ .
tamevamuktvā rājendraṃ niṣṭhuraṃ nirghṛṇaṃ vacaḥ .
tadādāya dhanaṃ tūrṇaṃ kupitaḥ kauśiko yayau.
tamevamuktvā rājendraṃ niṣṭhuraṃ nirghṛṇaṃ vacaḥ .
tadādāya dhanaṃ tūrṇaṃ kupitaḥ kauśiko yayau.
78.
pakṣiṇaḥ ūcuḥ tam evam uktvā rājendram niṣṭhuram nirghṛṇam
vacaḥ tad ādāya dhanam tūrṇam kupitaḥ kauśikaḥ yayau
vacaḥ tad ādāya dhanam tūrṇam kupitaḥ kauśikaḥ yayau
78.
The birds said: Having spoken such harsh and merciless words to that king of kings, Kauśika, enraged, quickly took the money and departed.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - the birds
- ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke
- तम् (tam) - That king (rājendram). (him, that (masculine))
- एवम् (evam) - In such a harsh and merciless manner. (thus, in this manner, so)
- उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken
- राजेन्द्रम् (rājendram) - Referring to King Hariścandra, who is addressed by Viśvāmitra. (to the chief of kings, to the excellent king)
- निष्ठुरम् (niṣṭhuram) - harsh (words) (harsh, cruel, severe (neuter))
- निर्घृणम् (nirghṛṇam) - merciless (words) (merciless, ruthless, pitiless (neuter))
- वचः (vacaḥ) - The words spoken by Viśvāmitra. (word, speech, utterance (neuter))
- तद् (tad) - that (money/wealth) (that (neuter))
- आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having received
- धनम् (dhanam) - The money demanded/received by Viśvāmitra. (wealth, money, riches)
- तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, immediately
- कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - Viśvāmitra was enraged. (enraged, angry, furious)
- कौशिकः (kauśikaḥ) - Sage Viśvāmitra. (Kauśika (proper name, refers to Viśvāmitra))
- ययौ (yayau) - he went, he departed
Words meanings and morphology
पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - the birds
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pakṣin
pakṣin - bird, winged creature
ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
Perfect Tense
From root 'vac', 3rd person plural perfect active. Irregular form.
Root: vac (class 2)
तम् (tam) - That king (rājendram). (him, that (masculine))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that (demonstrative pronoun)
एवम् (evam) - In such a harsh and merciless manner. (thus, in this manner, so)
(indeclinable)
उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root 'vac' + 'ktvā' suffix.
Root: vac (class 2)
राजेन्द्रम् (rājendram) - Referring to King Hariścandra, who is addressed by Viśvāmitra. (to the chief of kings, to the excellent king)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of rājendra
rājendra - chief of kings, excellent king, sovereign
Compound.
Compound type : Karma-Tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)
- rājan – king, ruler
noun (masculine) - indra – chief, lord, god Indra
noun (masculine)
Note: Object of 'uktvā'.
निष्ठुरम् (niṣṭhuram) - harsh (words) (harsh, cruel, severe (neuter))
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of niṣṭhura
niṣṭhura - harsh, cruel, severe, unfeeling
निर्घृणम् (nirghṛṇam) - merciless (words) (merciless, ruthless, pitiless (neuter))
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of nirghṛṇa
nirghṛṇa - merciless, ruthless, cruel, heartless
From 'nis' (without) + 'ghṛṇā' (pity).
Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (nis+ghṛṇā)
- nis – out, forth, without, negation
indeclinable - ghṛṇā – pity, compassion, contempt
noun (feminine)
वचः (vacaḥ) - The words spoken by Viśvāmitra. (word, speech, utterance (neuter))
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas
vacas - word, speech, utterance, sound
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Object of 'uktvā'.
तद् (tad) - that (money/wealth) (that (neuter))
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that (demonstrative pronoun)
आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having received
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From 'ā' + root 'dā' (to give/take) + 'lyap' suffix.
Prefix: ā
Root: dā (class 3)
धनम् (dhanam) - The money demanded/received by Viśvāmitra. (wealth, money, riches)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana
dhana - wealth, money, property, riches
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Object of 'ādāya'.
तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, immediately
(indeclinable)
Derived from root 'tvar' (to hasten).
Root: tvar (class 1)
कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - Viśvāmitra was enraged. (enraged, angry, furious)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kupita
kupita - angry, enraged, excited, agitated
Past Passive Participle
From root 'kup'.
Root: kup (class 4)
कौशिकः (kauśikaḥ) - Sage Viśvāmitra. (Kauśika (proper name, refers to Viśvāmitra))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kauśika
kauśika - an epithet of Viśvāmitra, belonging to the Kuśika family, an owl
Patronymic from 'kuśika'.
ययौ (yayau) - he went, he departed
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of yā
Perfect Tense
From root 'yā', 3rd person singular perfect active.
Root: yā (class 2)