मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-8, verse-28
इत्युक्त्वा स नरश्रेष्ठो धिग्धिगित्यसकृद् ब्रुवन् ।
निपपात महीपृष्ठे मूर्च्छयाभिपरिप्लुतः ॥२८॥
निपपात महीपृष्ठे मूर्च्छयाभिपरिप्लुतः ॥२८॥
28. ityuktvā sa naraśreṣṭho dhigdhigityasakṛd bruvan .
nipapāta mahīpṛṣṭhe mūrcchayābhipariplutaḥ.
nipapāta mahīpṛṣṭhe mūrcchayābhipariplutaḥ.
28.
iti uktvā saḥ naraśreṣṭhaḥ dhik dhik iti asakṛt
bruvan nipapāta mahīpṛṣṭhe mūrcchayā abhipariplutaḥ
bruvan nipapāta mahīpṛṣṭhe mūrcchayā abhipariplutaḥ
28.
Having spoken thus, that foremost man, repeatedly crying 'Shame! Shame!', fell upon the ground, overwhelmed by unconsciousness.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- इति (iti) - Refers to the words spoken in the previous verse. (thus, so, in this manner)
- उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said
- सः (saḥ) - Refers to King Hariścandra. (he, that)
- नरश्रेष्ठः (naraśreṣṭhaḥ) - Refers to King Hariścandra. (foremost among men, best of men)
- धिक् (dhik) - Expresses King Hariścandra's distress and self-reproach. (shame! woe! alas! fie!)
- धिक् (dhik) - Expresses King Hariścandra's distress and self-reproach. (shame! woe! alas! fie!)
- इति (iti) - Marks 'dhik dhik' as a quoted utterance. (thus, so, in this manner)
- असकृत् (asakṛt) - Describes the frequency of his lamenting. (repeatedly, often, many times)
- ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - Describes Hariścandra while he falls. (speaking, saying)
- निपपात (nipapāta) - Hariścandra falling to the ground in distress. (he fell down, he collapsed)
- महीपृष्ठे (mahīpṛṣṭhe) - on the surface of the earth, on the ground
- मूर्च्छया (mūrcchayā) - by unconsciousness, by a swoon, due to fainting
- अभिपरिप्लुतः (abhipariplutaḥ) - King Hariścandra overwhelmed by his distress and falling into a swoon. (overwhelmed, covered, immersed)
Words meanings and morphology
इति (iti) - Refers to the words spoken in the previous verse. (thus, so, in this manner)
(indeclinable)
Note: Marks the end of a quotation or indicates 'thus'.
उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Absolutive form from root 'vac'
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Indicates a completed action preceding the main verb.
सः (saḥ) - Refers to King Hariścandra. (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Subject of the sentence.
नरश्रेष्ठः (naraśreṣṭhaḥ) - Refers to King Hariścandra. (foremost among men, best of men)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of naraśreṣṭha
naraśreṣṭha - foremost among men, best of men
Tatpuruṣa compound: 'śreṣṭha' (best) of 'nara' (men)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+śreṣṭha)
- nara – man, human being
noun (masculine) - śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
adjective (masculine)
Superlative of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy)
Note: Appositive to 'saḥ'.
धिक् (dhik) - Expresses King Hariścandra's distress and self-reproach. (shame! woe! alas! fie!)
(indeclinable)
Note: Exclamatory particle.
धिक् (dhik) - Expresses King Hariścandra's distress and self-reproach. (shame! woe! alas! fie!)
(indeclinable)
Note: Exclamatory particle, repeated for emphasis.
इति (iti) - Marks 'dhik dhik' as a quoted utterance. (thus, so, in this manner)
(indeclinable)
Note: Marks the quotation 'dhik dhik'.
असकृत् (asakṛt) - Describes the frequency of his lamenting. (repeatedly, often, many times)
(indeclinable)
Compound of 'a-' (not) and 'sakṛt' (once)
Note: Adverbial usage.
ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - Describes Hariścandra while he falls. (speaking, saying)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brū
brū - to speak, to say
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of root 'brū'
Root: brū (class 2)
Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' and 'naraśreṣṭhaḥ'.
निपपात (nipapāta) - Hariścandra falling to the ground in distress. (he fell down, he collapsed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pat
Perfect Tense (Liṭ)
Perfect tense, 3rd person, singular, active voice of root 'pat' with prefix 'ni'
Prefix: ni
Root: pat (class 1)
Note: Main verb of the sentence.
महीपृष्ठे (mahīpṛṣṭhe) - on the surface of the earth, on the ground
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of mahīpṛṣṭha
mahīpṛṣṭha - surface of the earth, ground
Tatpuruṣa compound: 'pṛṣṭha' (surface) of 'mahī' (earth)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pṛṣṭha)
- mahī – earth, ground, land
noun (feminine) - pṛṣṭha – back, surface, top
noun (neuter)
Note: Indicates location of falling.
मूर्च्छया (mūrcchayā) - by unconsciousness, by a swoon, due to fainting
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of mūrcchā
mūrcchā - unconsciousness, swoon, faint
Derived from root 'mūrcch' (to faint)
Root: mūrcch (class 1)
Note: Indicates the cause or means of being overwhelmed.
अभिपरिप्लुतः (abhipariplutaḥ) - King Hariścandra overwhelmed by his distress and falling into a swoon. (overwhelmed, covered, immersed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of abhiparipluta
plu - to float, to swim
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of root 'plu' with prefixes 'abhi-' and 'pari-'
Prefixes: abhi+pari
Root: plu (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'saḥ' and 'naraśreṣṭhaḥ'.