मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-8, verse-5
जगाम पद्भ्यां दुः खार्तः सह पत्न्यानुकूलया ।
पुरीप्रवेशे ददृशे विश्वामित्रमुपस्थितम् ॥५॥
पुरीप्रवेशे ददृशे विश्वामित्रमुपस्थितम् ॥५॥
5. jagāma padbhyāṃ duḥ khārtaḥ saha patnyānukūlayā .
purīpraveśe dadṛśe viśvāmitramupasthitam.
purīpraveśe dadṛśe viśvāmitramupasthitam.
5.
jagāma padbhyām duḥkhārtaḥ saha patnyā anukūlayā
purīpraveśe dadṛśe viśvāmitram upasthitam
purīpraveśe dadṛśe viśvāmitram upasthitam
5.
Distressed by sorrow, he walked on foot with his devoted wife. At the entrance to the city, he saw Viśvāmitra standing there.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- जगाम (jagāma) - he (the king) went (he went, he proceeded)
- पद्भ्याम् (padbhyām) - on foot (by feet, on foot)
- दुःखार्तः (duḥkhārtaḥ) - distressed by sorrow (the king) (afflicted by sorrow, distressed)
- सह (saha) - with (with, along with)
- पत्न्या (patnyā) - by his wife (by the wife)
- अनुकूलया (anukūlayā) - by his devoted wife (by the devoted/favorable one)
- पुरीप्रवेशे (purīpraveśe) - at the entrance to the city (at the city entrance)
- ददृशे (dadṛśe) - he (the king) saw (he saw)
- विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - (the sage) Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra)
- उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - standing there (Viśvāmitra) (present, standing, arrived)
Words meanings and morphology
जगाम (jagāma) - he (the king) went (he went, he proceeded)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam
Perfect active
3rd person singular Perfect active of √gam
Root: gam (class 1)
पद्भ्याम् (padbhyām) - on foot (by feet, on foot)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, dual of pad
pad - foot
Note: Dual instrumental is common for "by feet".
दुःखार्तः (duḥkhārtaḥ) - distressed by sorrow (the king) (afflicted by sorrow, distressed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhārta
duḥkhārta - afflicted by sorrow, distressed
Tatpuruṣa compound: duḥkha (sorrow) + ārta (afflicted)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+ārta)
- duḥkha – sorrow, suffering
noun (neuter) - ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of √ṛ (to suffer)
Root: ṛ (class 1)
Note: Modifies the implied subject, the king.
सह (saha) - with (with, along with)
(indeclinable)
Note: Governs the instrumental case of patnyā anukūlayā.
पत्न्या (patnyā) - by his wife (by the wife)
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of patnī
patnī - wife, mistress
Note: Used with saha.
अनुकूलया (anukūlayā) - by his devoted wife (by the devoted/favorable one)
(adjective)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of anukūlā
anukūla - favorable, agreeable, devoted
Note: Modifies patnyā.
पुरीप्रवेशे (purīpraveśe) - at the entrance to the city (at the city entrance)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of purīpraveśa
purīpraveśa - city entrance
Tatpuruṣa compound: purī (city) + praveśa (entrance)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (purī+praveśa)
- purī – city, town
noun (feminine) - praveśa – entrance, entry
noun (masculine)
from √viś with prefix pra
Prefix: pra
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: Indicates location.
ददृशे (dadṛśe) - he (the king) saw (he saw)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of dṛś
Perfect middle
3rd person singular Perfect middle of √dṛś
Root: dṛś (class 1)
विश्वामित्रम् (viśvāmitram) - (the sage) Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra)
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra
viśvāmitra - Viśvāmitra (a proper name, sage)
Note: Object of dadṛśe.
उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - standing there (Viśvāmitra) (present, standing, arrived)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of upasthita
upasthita - present, standing by, at hand
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of √sthā with prefix upa
Prefix: upa
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Modifies viśvāmitram.