मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-8, verse-133
प्राप्ते तु सप्तमे वर्षे श्मशानेऽथ मृतो द्विजः ।
आनीतो बन्धुभिर्दृष्टस्तेन तत्राधनो गुणी ॥१३३॥
आनीतो बन्धुभिर्दृष्टस्तेन तत्राधनो गुणी ॥१३३॥
133. prāpte tu saptame varṣe śmaśāne'tha mṛto dvijaḥ .
ānīto bandhubhirdṛṣṭastena tatrādhano guṇī.
ānīto bandhubhirdṛṣṭastena tatrādhano guṇī.
133.
prāpte tu saptame varṣe śmaśāne atha mṛtaḥ dvijaḥ
ānītaḥ bandhubhiḥ dṛṣṭaḥ tena tatra adhanaḥ guṇī
ānītaḥ bandhubhiḥ dṛṣṭaḥ tena tatra adhanaḥ guṇī
133.
When his seventh year arrived, a deceased brahmin (dvija)—a virtuous man, though poor—was brought to the cremation ground by his relatives. There, he (the Pukkasa boy) saw him.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- प्राप्ते (prāpte) - having reached, when reached, having obtained
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand
- सप्तमे (saptame) - in the seventh
- वर्षे (varṣe) - in the year
- श्मशाने (śmaśāne) - in the cremation ground
- अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now
- मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead (person)
- द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - twice-born, brahmin (dvija)
- आनीतः (ānītaḥ) - brought, conveyed
- बन्धुभिः (bandhubhiḥ) - by relatives, by kin
- दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed
- तेन (tena) - by him
- तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place
- अधनः (adhanaḥ) - poor, without wealth
- गुणी (guṇī) - virtuous, endowed with good qualities
Words meanings and morphology
प्राप्ते (prāpte) - having reached, when reached, having obtained
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of prāpta
prāpta - reached, obtained, arrived, gained
Past Passive Participle
From pra-āp (to reach, obtain).
Prefixes: pra+ā
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction, 'when the seventh year was reached'.
तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
Note: Indicates a transition or slight contrast.
सप्तमे (saptame) - in the seventh
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of saptama
saptama - seventh
Ordinal number derived from sapta (seven).
Note: Agrees with 'varṣe'.
वर्षे (varṣe) - in the year
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of varṣa
varṣa - year, rain, monsoon
Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.
श्मशाने (śmaśāne) - in the cremation ground
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of śmaśāna
śmaśāna - cremation ground, cemetery
Note: Indicates location.
अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, now
(indeclinable)
Note: Marks a new stage in the narrative.
मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead (person)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛta
mṛta - dead, deceased
Past Passive Participle
From root mṛ (to die). Used substantively.
Root: mṛ (class 6)
Note: Qualifies 'dvijaḥ'.
द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - twice-born, brahmin (dvija)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), brahmin, bird, tooth
Compound: dvi (twice) + ja (born).
Compound type : tatpurusha (dvis+ja)
- dvis – twice
indeclinable - ja – born, produced from
adjective (masculine)
agent noun suffix
From root jan (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Subject of 'ānītaḥ' and 'dṛṣṭaḥ'.
आनीतः (ānītaḥ) - brought, conveyed
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ānīta
ānīta - brought, led, fetched
Past Passive Participle
From ā-nī (to bring).
Prefix: ā
Root: nī (class 1)
Note: Predicate adjective for 'dvijaḥ'.
बन्धुभिः (bandhubhiḥ) - by relatives, by kin
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bandhu
bandhu - relative, kinsman, friend
Root: bandh (class 1)
Note: Agent of the passive verbs 'ānītaḥ' and 'dṛṣṭaḥ'.
दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa
dṛṣṭa - seen, visible, observed
Past Passive Participle
From root dṛś (to see).
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Predicate adjective for 'dvijaḥ'.
तेन (tena) - by him
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the Pukkasa boy. Agent of the passive participle 'dṛṣṭaḥ'.
तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place
(indeclinable)
Note: Refers to the cremation ground.
अधनः (adhanaḥ) - poor, without wealth
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of adhana
adhana - poor, destitute, without wealth
Negative compound: 'a' (not) + 'dhana' (wealth).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dhana)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - dhana – wealth, riches, property
noun (neuter)
From root dhā (to place, hold).
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Qualifies the 'dvijaḥ'.
गुणी (guṇī) - virtuous, endowed with good qualities
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇin
guṇin - possessing qualities, virtuous, talented
From guṇa (quality) + -in (possessive suffix).
Note: Qualifies the 'dvijaḥ'.