मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-8, verse-30
पत्न्युवाच ।
हा महारजा कस्येदमपध्यानमुपस्थितम् ।
यत् त्वं निपतितो भूमौ राङ्कवास्तरणोचितः ॥३०॥
हा महारजा कस्येदमपध्यानमुपस्थितम् ।
यत् त्वं निपतितो भूमौ राङ्कवास्तरणोचितः ॥३०॥
30. patnyuvāca .
hā mahārajā kasyedamapadhyānamupasthitam .
yat tvaṃ nipatito bhūmau rāṅkavāstaraṇocitaḥ.
hā mahārajā kasyedamapadhyānamupasthitam .
yat tvaṃ nipatito bhūmau rāṅkavāstaraṇocitaḥ.
30.
patnī uvāca hā mahārāja kasya idam apadhyānam upasthitam
yat tvam nipatitaḥ bhūmau rāṅkavāstaraṇocitaḥ
yat tvam nipatitaḥ bhūmau rāṅkavāstaraṇocitaḥ
30.
The queen said: 'Alas, O great king, whose misfortune is this that has arisen, that you, who are accustomed to fine royal coverings, have fallen upon the ground?'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पत्नी (patnī) - Refers to Tārāmatī, Hariścandra's wife. (wife, queen)
- उवाच (uvāca) - she said
- हा (hā) - Expresses sorrow and lament. (alas, oh!)
- महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing King Hariścandra. (O great king!)
- कस्य (kasya) - Inquiring about the origin of the misfortune. (whose? of what?)
- इदम् (idam) - Refers to the current misfortune or ill-fated situation. (this, this one)
- अपध्यानम् (apadhyānam) - The calamitous situation Hariścandra finds himself in. (misfortune, evil thought, ill omen)
- उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - The misfortune has arrived or manifested. (arisen, present, occurred, come near)
- यत् (yat) - Introduces a clause explaining the cause or result. (that, because, which)
- त्वम् (tvam) - Refers to King Hariścandra. (you)
- निपतितः (nipatitaḥ) - Hariścandra having fallen to the ground in distress. (fallen down, prostrated)
- भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth
- राङ्कवास्तरणोचितः (rāṅkavāstaraṇocitaḥ) - Describes Hariścandra's usual royal status contrasted with his current state. (accustomed to fine coverings, worthy of a royal rug, deserving of deer-skin beds)
Words meanings and morphology
पत्नी (patnī) - Refers to Tārāmatī, Hariścandra's wife. (wife, queen)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of patnī
patnī - wife, mistress, queen
Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.
उवाच (uvāca) - she said
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
Perfect Tense (Liṭ)
Perfect tense, 3rd person, singular, active voice of root 'vac'
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Main verb.
हा (hā) - Expresses sorrow and lament. (alas, oh!)
(indeclinable)
Note: Exclamatory particle.
महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing King Hariścandra. (O great king!)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja
mahārāja - great king, emperor
Karmadhāraya compound: 'mahā' (great) + 'rājan' (king)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)
- mahā – great, mighty, large
adjective - rājan – king, sovereign
noun (masculine)
Note: Direct address.
कस्य (kasya) - Inquiring about the origin of the misfortune. (whose? of what?)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of kim
kim - who, what, which
Note: Possessive interrogative.
इदम् (idam) - Refers to the current misfortune or ill-fated situation. (this, this one)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this, these, what is present
Note: Subject of the implied 'is'.
अपध्यानम् (apadhyānam) - The calamitous situation Hariścandra finds himself in. (misfortune, evil thought, ill omen)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of apadhyāna
apadhyāna - misfortune, evil thought, ill-luck, evil meditation
Compound of 'apa-' (bad, away) and 'dhyāna' (thought, meditation)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (apa+dhyāna)
- apa – away, off, down, bad, wrong
indeclinable - dhyāna – meditation, thought, reflection
noun (neuter)
Derived from root 'dhyai' (to contemplate)
Root: dhyai (class 1)
Note: Appositive to 'idam'.
उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - The misfortune has arrived or manifested. (arisen, present, occurred, come near)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of upasthita
upasthita - present, near, ready, arisen, standing by
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of root 'sthā' with prefix 'upa-'
Prefix: upa
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Predicate adjective, completing the sense of 'idam apadhyānam'.
यत् (yat) - Introduces a clause explaining the cause or result. (that, because, which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, that, because, since
Note: Relative pronoun.
त्वम् (tvam) - Refers to King Hariścandra. (you)
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of yuşmad
yuşmad - you
Note: Subject of 'nipatitaḥ'.
निपतितः (nipatitaḥ) - Hariścandra having fallen to the ground in distress. (fallen down, prostrated)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nipatita
nipatita - fallen, descended, prostrated
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of root 'pat' with prefix 'ni-'
Prefix: ni
Root: pat (class 1)
Note: Predicative adjective qualifying 'tvam'.
भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi
bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil
Note: Indicates location.
राङ्कवास्तरणोचितः (rāṅkavāstaraṇocitaḥ) - Describes Hariścandra's usual royal status contrasted with his current state. (accustomed to fine coverings, worthy of a royal rug, deserving of deer-skin beds)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rāṅkavāstaraṇocita
rāṅkavāstaraṇocita - worthy of or accustomed to deer-skin coverings (rāṅkava-āstaraṇa)
Tatpuruṣa compound: 'rāṅkavāstaraṇa' (deer-skin covering) + 'ucita' (accustomed/worthy of)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāṅkavāstaraṇa+ucita)
- rāṅkavāstaraṇa – deer-skin covering, royal rug
noun (neuter)
Tatpuruṣa compound of 'rāṅkava' (of deer) and 'āstaraṇa' (covering) - ucita – proper, fit, worthy, accustomed to
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of root 'uc' (to be pleased, to be accustomed)
Root: uc (class 6)
Note: Qualifies 'tvam' (you).