मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-8, verse-29
शयानं भुवि तं दृष्ट्वा हरिश्चन्द्रं महीपतिम् ।
उवाचेदं सकरुणं राजपत्नी सुदुः खिता ॥२९॥
उवाचेदं सकरुणं राजपत्नी सुदुः खिता ॥२९॥
29. śayānaṃ bhuvi taṃ dṛṣṭvā hariścandraṃ mahīpatim .
uvācedaṃ sakaruṇaṃ rājapatnī suduḥ khitā.
uvācedaṃ sakaruṇaṃ rājapatnī suduḥ khitā.
29.
śayānam bhuvi tam dṛṣṭvā hariścandraṃ mahīpatim
uvāca idam sakaruṇaṃ rājapatnī suduḥkhitā
uvāca idam sakaruṇaṃ rājapatnī suduḥkhitā
29.
Having seen him, King Hariścandra, lying on the ground, the deeply distressed queen spoke these words piteously.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शयानम् (śayānam) - Hariścandra lying prostrate on the ground. (lying, sleeping, resting)
- भुवि (bhuvi) - on the earth, on the ground
- तम् (tam) - Refers to King Hariścandra. (him, that one)
- दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen
- हरिश्चन्द्रं (hariścandraṁ) - Hariścandra (proper noun)
- महीपतिम् (mahīpatim) - Refers to King Hariścandra. (king, lord of the earth)
- उवाच (uvāca) - The queen (Tārāmatī) spoke. (she said, he said)
- इदम् (idam) - Refers to the words that the queen spoke, quoted in the next verse. (this, these)
- सकरुणं (sakaruṇaṁ) - Describes the manner of the queen's speech. (piteously, mournfully, with compassion, sorrowfully)
- राजपत्नी (rājapatnī) - Refers to Tārāmatī. (queen, king's wife)
- सुदुःखिता (suduḥkhitā) - Refers to Queen Tārāmatī's emotional state. (deeply distressed, very sorrowful, greatly afflicted)
Words meanings and morphology
शयानम् (śayānam) - Hariścandra lying prostrate on the ground. (lying, sleeping, resting)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of śī
śī - to lie, to sleep, to rest
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of root 'śī'
Root: śī (class 2)
Note: Qualifies Hariścandra ('tam', 'hariścandraṃ', 'mahīpatim').
भुवि (bhuvi) - on the earth, on the ground
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of bhū
bhū - earth, ground, land
Note: Indicates location.
तम् (tam) - Refers to King Hariścandra. (him, that one)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.
दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Absolutive form from root 'dṛś'
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.
हरिश्चन्द्रं (hariścandraṁ) - Hariścandra (proper noun)
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of hariścandra
hariścandra - Hariścandra (name of a legendary king)
Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.
महीपतिम् (mahīpatim) - Refers to King Hariścandra. (king, lord of the earth)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of mahīpati
mahīpati - lord of the earth, king
Tatpuruṣa compound: 'pati' (lord) of 'mahī' (earth)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)
- mahī – earth, ground, land
noun (feminine) - pati – lord, master, husband
noun (masculine)
Note: Appositive to 'hariścandraṃ'.
उवाच (uvāca) - The queen (Tārāmatī) spoke. (she said, he said)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
Perfect Tense (Liṭ)
Perfect tense, 3rd person, singular, active voice of root 'vac'
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Main verb of the sentence, subject is 'rājapatnī'.
इदम् (idam) - Refers to the words that the queen spoke, quoted in the next verse. (this, these)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this, these, what is present
Note: Object of 'uvāca'.
सकरुणं (sakaruṇaṁ) - Describes the manner of the queen's speech. (piteously, mournfully, with compassion, sorrowfully)
(indeclinable)
Adverbial form of 'sakaruṇa' (with karuṇā)
Compound type : avyayībhāva (sa+karuṇā)
- sa – with, together with
indeclinable - karuṇā – compassion, pity, sorrow
noun (feminine)
Note: Adverbial usage.
राजपत्नी (rājapatnī) - Refers to Tārāmatī. (queen, king's wife)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of rājapatnī
rājapatnī - queen, king's wife
Tatpuruṣa compound: 'patnī' (wife) of 'rājan' (king)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+patnī)
- rājan – king
noun (masculine) - patnī – wife
noun (feminine)
Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.
सुदुःखिता (suduḥkhitā) - Refers to Queen Tārāmatī's emotional state. (deeply distressed, very sorrowful, greatly afflicted)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of suduḥkhita
suduḥkhita - deeply distressed, very sorrowful, greatly afflicted
Compound of 'su-' (very) and 'duḥkhita' (distressed, P.P.P. of 'duḥkh')
Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+duḥkhita)
- su – good, well, very, thoroughly
indeclinable - duḥkhita – distressed, sorrowful, afflicted
adjective (feminine)
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of root 'duḥkh'
Root: duḥkh (class 10)
Note: Qualifies 'rājapatnī'.