मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-8, verse-45
अस्ताचलं प्रयातेर्ऽके शप्स्यामि त्वां ततो ध्रुवम् ।
इत्युक्त्वा स ययौ विप्रो राजा चासीद्भयातुरः ॥४५॥
इत्युक्त्वा स ययौ विप्रो राजा चासीद्भयातुरः ॥४५॥
45. astācalaṃ prayāter'ke śapsyāmi tvāṃ tato dhruvam .
ityuktvā sa yayau vipro rājā cāsīdbhayāturaḥ.
ityuktvā sa yayau vipro rājā cāsīdbhayāturaḥ.
45.
astācalam prayāte arke śapsyāmi tvām tatas dhruvam
iti uktvā sa yayau vipraḥ rājā ca āsīt bhayāturaḥ
iti uktvā sa yayau vipraḥ rājā ca āsīt bhayāturaḥ
45.
"When the sun has set, I will surely curse you then." Having said this, the Brahmin departed, and the king became terrified.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अस्ताचलम् (astācalam) - to the mountain of sunset (setting mountain, mountain of sunset)
- प्रयाते (prayāte) - having set (referring to the sun) (having gone, departed, set (as in the sun))
- अर्के (arke) - in the sun (when the sun) (in the sun, in the ray)
- शप्स्यामि (śapsyāmi) - I will curse
- त्वाम् (tvām) - you (the King) (you)
- ततस् (tatas) - then (thence, then, thereafter)
- ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely (certainly, surely, fixedly)
- इति (iti) - thus (referring to the preceding statement) (thus, so, in this manner)
- उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (having said, having spoken)
- स (sa) - he (the Brahmin) (he, that)
- ययौ (yayau) - departed (went, departed)
- विप्रः (vipraḥ) - the Brahmin (Brahmin, wise man, inspired)
- राजा (rājā) - the king (king)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- आसीत् (āsīt) - became (was, existed)
- भयातुरः (bhayāturaḥ) - terrified (distressed by fear, terrified, frightened)
Words meanings and morphology
अस्ताचलम् (astācalam) - to the mountain of sunset (setting mountain, mountain of sunset)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of astācala
astācala - setting mountain, mountain of sunset (where the sun is supposed to set)
Compound of asta (setting) and acala (mountain).
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (asta+acala)
- asta – setting, disappearance, home
noun (masculine) - acala – mountain, immovable
noun (masculine)
Note: Object of motion implied by prayāte.
प्रयाते (prayāte) - having set (referring to the sun) (having gone, departed, set (as in the sun))
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of prayāta
prayāta - gone, departed, set
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root yā (to go) with upasarga pra-.
Prefix: pra
Root: yā (class 2)
Note: Part of the locative absolute construction "when the sun has set".
अर्के (arke) - in the sun (when the sun) (in the sun, in the ray)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of arka
arka - sun, ray, fire, hymn
Note: Part of the locative absolute construction "when the sun has set".
शप्स्यामि (śapsyāmi) - I will curse
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of śap
Root: śap (class 1)
Note: The implied subject is "I" (the Brahmin).
त्वाम् (tvām) - you (the King) (you)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tvam
tvam - you (singular)
Note: Object of śapsyāmi.
ततस् (tatas) - then (thence, then, thereafter)
(indeclinable)
Note: Refers to the time after sunset.
ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely (certainly, surely, fixedly)
(indeclinable)
Note: Functions as an adverb modifying śapsyāmi.
इति (iti) - thus (referring to the preceding statement) (thus, so, in this manner)
(indeclinable)
उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (having said, having spoken)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Derived from root vac (to speak) with suffix -ktvā.
Root: vac (class 2)
स (sa) - he (the Brahmin) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Subject of yayau.
ययौ (yayau) - departed (went, departed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of yā
Root: yā (class 2)
विप्रः (vipraḥ) - the Brahmin (Brahmin, wise man, inspired)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra
vipra - Brahmin, priest, wise, inspired
Note: Subject of yayau.
राजा (rājā) - the king (king)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler
Note: Subject of āsīt.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the two clauses.
आसीत् (āsīt) - became (was, existed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as
Root: as (class 2)
भयातुरः (bhayāturaḥ) - terrified (distressed by fear, terrified, frightened)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhayātura
bhayātura - distressed by fear, terrified, frightened
Compound of bhaya (fear) and ātura (distressed, afflicted).
Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (bhaya+ātura)
- bhaya – fear, dread
noun (neuter)
Root: bhī (class 3) - ātura – distressed, afflicted, sick
adjective (masculine)
Note: Predicate adjective for rājā.