मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-8, verse-12
पक्षिण ऊचुः ।
इत्युक्त्वा प्रययौ विप्रो राजा चाचिन्तयत् तदा ।
कथमस्मै प्रदास्यामि दक्षिणा या प्रतिश्रुता ॥१२॥
इत्युक्त्वा प्रययौ विप्रो राजा चाचिन्तयत् तदा ।
कथमस्मै प्रदास्यामि दक्षिणा या प्रतिश्रुता ॥१२॥
12. pakṣiṇa ūcuḥ .
ityuktvā prayayau vipro rājā cācintayat tadā .
kathamasmai pradāsyāmi dakṣiṇā yā pratiśrutā.
ityuktvā prayayau vipro rājā cācintayat tadā .
kathamasmai pradāsyāmi dakṣiṇā yā pratiśrutā.
12.
pakṣiṇaḥ ūcuḥ iti uktvā prayayau vipraḥ rājā ca acintayat
tadā katham asmai pradāsyāmi dakṣiṇā yā pratiśrutā
tadā katham asmai pradāsyāmi dakṣiṇā yā pratiśrutā
12.
The birds said, "Having spoken thus, the brahmin (vipra) departed. Then the king pondered, 'How can I give him the promised fee (dakṣiṇā)?'"
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - the birds
- ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke
- इति (iti) - thus, in this manner (introduces direct speech)
- उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken
- प्रययौ (prayayau) - he went forth, he departed
- विप्रः (vipraḥ) - referring to Viśvāmitra (brahmin, sage)
- राजा (rājā) - king
- च (ca) - and, also
- अचिन्तयत् (acintayat) - he thought, he pondered
- तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
- कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?
- अस्मै (asmai) - referring to Viśvāmitra (to him)
- प्रदास्यामि (pradāsyāmi) - I will give, I will bestow
- दक्षिणा (dakṣiṇā) - the fee promised to Viśvāmitra (fee, reward, ritual gift)
- या (yā) - which (feminine singular)
- प्रतिश्रुता (pratiśrutā) - referring to the fee (dakṣiṇā) which was promised (promised, pledged)
Words meanings and morphology
पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - the birds
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pakṣin
pakṣin - bird, winged creature
ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
Perfect Active
Perfect tense, 3rd person plural
Root: vac (class 2)
इति (iti) - thus, in this manner (introduces direct speech)
(indeclinable)
उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken
(indeclinable)
Absolutive/Gerund
Derived from root vac with suffix -tvā, indicating a completed action
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Functions adverbially, indicating an action completed before the main verb.
प्रययौ (prayayau) - he went forth, he departed
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of yā
Perfect Active
Perfect tense, 3rd person singular. The prefix 'pra' gives the sense of 'forth' or 'away'.
Prefix: pra
Root: yā (class 2)
विप्रः (vipraḥ) - referring to Viśvāmitra (brahmin, sage)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra
vipra - brahmin, sage, inspired one, priest
राजा (rājā) - king
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अचिन्तयत् (acintayat) - he thought, he pondered
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of cint
Imperfect Active
Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular. The root is 'cit', but the verbal stem is 'cintay' (10th class).
Root: cit (class 10)
तदा (tadā) - then, at that time
(indeclinable)
कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?
(indeclinable)
अस्मै (asmai) - referring to Viśvāmitra (to him)
(pronoun)
Dative, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, that, he, she, it
Note: Dative singular of 'idam' (masculine).
प्रदास्यामि (pradāsyāmi) - I will give, I will bestow
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of dā
Future Active
Future tense, 1st person singular
Prefix: pra
Root: dā (class 3)
दक्षिणा (dakṣiṇā) - the fee promised to Viśvāmitra (fee, reward, ritual gift)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇā
dakṣiṇā - ritual fee, gift, donation; right (direction/side); skillful
Note: The noun form 'dakṣiṇā' (feminine nominative singular) matches 'yā' and 'pratiśrutā'.
या (yā) - which (feminine singular)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
Note: Relative pronoun agreeing with 'dakṣiṇā'.
प्रतिश्रुता (pratiśrutā) - referring to the fee (dakṣiṇā) which was promised (promised, pledged)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of śru
śru - to hear, to listen
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root śru with prefix prati. The compound verb 'prati-śru' means 'to promise, to pledge'. This feminine nominative singular participle means 'that which has been promised'.
Prefix: prati
Root: śru (class 1)