मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-8, verse-197
श्मशानमागतः कस्मादद्यैष स नरेश्वरः ।
अपहाय पुत्रशोकं सापश्यत् पतितं पतिम् ॥१९७॥
अपहाय पुत्रशोकं सापश्यत् पतितं पतिम् ॥१९७॥
197. śmaśānamāgataḥ kasmādadyaiṣa sa nareśvaraḥ .
apahāya putraśokaṃ sāpaśyat patitaṃ patim.
apahāya putraśokaṃ sāpaśyat patitaṃ patim.
197.
śmaśānam āgataḥ kasmāt adya eṣa sa nareśvaraḥ
apahāya putraśokam sā apaśyat patitam patim
apahāya putraśokam sā apaśyat patitam patim
197.
Why has this king arrived at the cremation ground today? Having abandoned her grief for her son, she saw her fallen husband.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- श्मशानम् (śmaśānam) - to the cremation ground
- आगतः (āgataḥ) - arrived, come, reached
- कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what, for what reason
- अद्य (adya) - today, now
- एष (eṣa) - this (one)
- स (sa) - he, that (one)
- नरेश्वरः (nareśvaraḥ) - king, lord of men
- अपहाय (apahāya) - having abandoned, having given up, having set aside
- पुत्रशोकम् (putraśokam) - grief for a son, sorrow for a son
- सा (sā) - the queen (she)
- अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - she saw
- पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, deceased, expired
- पतिम् (patim) - husband, lord, master
Words meanings and morphology
श्मशानम् (śmaśānam) - to the cremation ground
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śmaśāna
śmaśāna - cremation ground, cemetery
Note: Indicates destination.
आगतः (āgataḥ) - arrived, come, reached
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata
āgata - arrived, come
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root gam with prefix ā and suffix kta.
Prefix: ā
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Refers to nareśvaraḥ.
कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what, for what reason
(indeclinable)
अद्य (adya) - today, now
(indeclinable)
एष (eṣa) - this (one)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of etad
etad - this
Note: Refers to nareśvaraḥ.
स (sa) - he, that (one)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Used for emphasis with eṣa or as an anaphoric pronoun for the king.
नरेश्वरः (nareśvaraḥ) - king, lord of men
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nareśvara
nareśvara - king, lord of men
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+īśvara)
- nara – man, human
noun (masculine)
Root: nṛ - īśvara – lord, master, ruler
noun (masculine)
Root: īś
Note: Refers to the deceased king/husband.
अपहाय (apahāya) - having abandoned, having given up, having set aside
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Derived from root hā with prefix apa and suffix lyap.
Prefix: apa
Root: hā (class 3)
Note: Governs putraśokam.
पुत्रशोकम् (putraśokam) - grief for a son, sorrow for a son
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of putraśoka
putraśoka - grief for a son, sorrow for a son
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+śoka)
- putra – son, child
noun (masculine) - śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
noun (masculine)
Root: śuc (class 1)
Note: Object of apahāya.
सा (sā) - the queen (she)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Subject of apaśyat.
अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - she saw
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś
Imperfect tense
3rd person singular, active voice. The root dṛś is irregularly replaced by paś in the present system.
Root: dṛś (class 1)
पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, deceased, expired
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of patita
patita - fallen, dropped, deceased
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root pat with suffix kta.
Root: pat (class 1)
Note: Agrees with patim.
पतिम् (patim) - husband, lord, master
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of pati
pati - husband, lord, master
Note: Object of apaśyat.