मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-8, verse-70
हा प्रिये हा शिशो नत्स ममानार्यस्य दुर्नयैः ।
दैवाधीनां दशां प्राप्तो न मृतोऽस्मि तथापि धिक् ॥७०॥
दैवाधीनां दशां प्राप्तो न मृतोऽस्मि तथापि धिक् ॥७०॥
70. hā priye hā śiśo natsa mamānāryasya durnayaiḥ .
daivādhīnāṃ daśāṃ prāpto na mṛto'smi tathāpi dhik.
daivādhīnāṃ daśāṃ prāpto na mṛto'smi tathāpi dhik.
70.
hā priye hā śiśo nātsa mama anāryasya durnayaiḥ
daivādhīnām daśām prāptaḥ na mṛtaḥ asmi tathā api dhik
daivādhīnām daśām prāptaḥ na mṛtaḥ asmi tathā api dhik
70.
Oh dear wife! Oh child! Oh son! I, the ignoble one, through my wicked policies, have fallen into a state dependent on fate. Yet I am not dead; shame on me!
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- हा (hā) - alas! oh! ah! (interjection of sorrow, pity, or surprise)
- प्रिये (priye) - dear wife (dear one, beloved (feminine vocative singular))
- हा (hā) - alas! oh! ah! (interjection of sorrow, pity, or surprise)
- शिशो (śiśo) - child, infant (vocative singular)
- नात्स (nātsa) - O son, O dear one
- मम (mama) - my, of me
- अनार्यस्य (anāryasya) - of the ignoble one, of the unworthy one
- दुर्नयैः (durnayaiḥ) - by wicked policies (by evil policies, by misconduct, by bad governance)
- दैवाधीनाम् (daivādhīnām) - dependent on fate, controlled by destiny
- दशाम् (daśām) - state, condition, plight, period
- प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - I have fallen into (reached, attained, obtained)
- न (na) - not, nor
- मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead, deceased
- अस्मि (asmi) - I am
- तथा (tathā) - even so (thus, so, in that manner)
- अपि (api) - also, even, too
- धिक् (dhik) - woe, shame, fie (interjection of reproach)
Words meanings and morphology
हा (hā) - alas! oh! ah! (interjection of sorrow, pity, or surprise)
(indeclinable)
प्रिये (priye) - dear wife (dear one, beloved (feminine vocative singular))
(noun)
Vocative, feminine, singular of priyā
priyā - dear one, beloved (feminine)
Feminine form of 'priya'.
Root: prī (class 9)
Note: Refers to the king's wife.
हा (hā) - alas! oh! ah! (interjection of sorrow, pity, or surprise)
(indeclinable)
शिशो (śiśo) - child, infant (vocative singular)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of śiśu
śiśu - child, infant, young one
Note: Refers to the king's son.
नात्स (nātsa) - O son, O dear one
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of nāta
nāta - son, dear one (colloquial/affectionate)
Colloquial vocative derived from 'nāta' (son).
मम (mama) - my, of me
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
First person pronoun.
Note: Modifies 'anāryasya'.
अनार्यस्य (anāryasya) - of the ignoble one, of the unworthy one
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of anārya
anārya - ignoble, unworthy, non-Aryan
'an' (not) + 'ārya' (noble).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+ārya)
- an – not, non-
indeclinable - ārya – noble, honorable
adjective (masculine)
Note: Modifies 'mama'.
दुर्नयैः (durnayaiḥ) - by wicked policies (by evil policies, by misconduct, by bad governance)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of durnaya
durnaya - bad policy, misconduct, evil course
'dur' (bad) + 'naya' (policy, conduct).
Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+naya)
- dur – bad, evil, difficult
indeclinable - naya – policy, conduct, guidance
noun (masculine)
From root 'nī' (to lead).
Root: nī (class 1)
Note: Indicates the means or cause.
दैवाधीनाम् (daivādhīnām) - dependent on fate, controlled by destiny
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of daivādhīna
daivādhīna - dependent on fate, controlled by destiny
'daiva' (fate) + 'adhīna' (dependent).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daiva+adhīna)
- daiva – fate, destiny, divine
noun (neuter)
Derived from 'deva' (god). - adhīna – dependent, subordinate, subjected to
adjective (feminine)
From 'adhi' (upon) + 'ī' (to go, to rule) + 'na' suffix.
Prefix: adhi
Root: ī (class 2)
दशाम् (daśām) - state, condition, plight, period
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of daśā
daśā - state, condition, plight, period
Root: daś (class 1)
प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - I have fallen into (reached, attained, obtained)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta
prāpta - reached, attained, obtained
Past Passive Participle
From root 'āp' (to obtain) with upasarga 'pra' and suffix 'kta'.
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'I' (the king).
न (na) - not, nor
(indeclinable)
मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead, deceased
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛta
mṛta - dead, deceased
Past Passive Participle
From root 'mṛ' (to die) with suffix 'kta'.
Root: mṛ (class 6)
Note: Agrees with 'asmi' (I).
अस्मि (asmi) - I am
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of as
Present tense, 1st person singular
From root 'as' (to be).
Root: as (class 2)
तथा (tathā) - even so (thus, so, in that manner)
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - also, even, too
(indeclinable)
धिक् (dhik) - woe, shame, fie (interjection of reproach)
(indeclinable)