मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-8, verse-249
मच्छोकमग्नमनसः कोशलानगरे जनाः ।
तिष्ठन्ति तानपोह्याद्य कथं यास्याम्यहं दिवम् ॥२४९॥
तिष्ठन्ति तानपोह्याद्य कथं यास्याम्यहं दिवम् ॥२४९॥
249. macchokamagnamanasaḥ kośalānagare janāḥ .
tiṣṭhanti tānapohyādya kathaṃ yāsyāmyahaṃ divam.
tiṣṭhanti tānapohyādya kathaṃ yāsyāmyahaṃ divam.
249.
mat śokamagnamanasaḥ kośalānagare janāḥ tiṣṭhanti
tān apohya adya katham yāsyāmi aham divam
tān apohya adya katham yāsyāmi aham divam
249.
The people in the city of Kośala are immersed in my sorrow. How can I go to heaven today, abandoning them?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मत् (mat) - my, mine
- शोकमग्नमनसः (śokamagnamanasaḥ) - whose minds are immersed in my sorrow (whose minds are immersed in sorrow)
- कोशलानगरे (kośalānagare) - in the city of Kośala
- जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men, folk
- तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they stand, they remain, they stay
- तान् (tān) - them, those
- अपोह्य (apohya) - having abandoned, having left behind, having set aside
- अद्य (adya) - today, now
- कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?
- यास्यामि (yāsyāmi) - I shall go, I will go
- अहम् (aham) - I
- दिवम् (divam) - to heaven, to the sky
Words meanings and morphology
मत् (mat) - my, mine
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of mad
mad - my, mine, of me
Pronominal stem for 'aham'. The final 'd' becomes 't' due to external sandhi.
Note: Used here as a possessive adjective modifying the state of 'manas'.
शोकमग्नमनसः (śokamagnamanasaḥ) - whose minds are immersed in my sorrow (whose minds are immersed in sorrow)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śokamagnamanas
śokamagnamanas - one whose mind is plunged in grief, sorrow-stricken
Bahuvrihi compound: śoka (sorrow) + magna (immersed) + manas (mind).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śoka+magna+manas)
- śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
noun (masculine)
Derived from root √śuc 'to grieve'.
Root: śuc (class 1) - magna – immersed, plunged, sunken
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root √maj 'to sink'.
Root: maj (class 6) - manas – mind, intellect, heart, consciousness
noun (neuter)
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Adjective modifying 'janāḥ'.
कोशलानगरे (kośalānagare) - in the city of Kośala
(proper noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of kośalānagara
kośalānagara - the city of Kośala
Tatpurusha compound: Kośala + nagara.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kośala+nagara)
- kośala – Kośala (ancient kingdom and city)
proper noun (neuter) - nagara – city, town
noun (neuter)
जनाः (janāḥ) - people, men, folk
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of jana
jana - person, man, folk, people
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Subject of the verb 'tiṣṭhanti'.
तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they stand, they remain, they stay
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sthā
Present tense, 3rd person plural. The root √sthā often undergoes a change to 'tiṣṭha' in the present stem.
Root: sthā (class 1)
तान् (tān) - them, those
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Accusative plural masculine.
Note: Object of the absolutive 'apohya', referring to 'janāḥ'.
अपोह्य (apohya) - having abandoned, having left behind, having set aside
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (gerund)
From prefix 'apa' + root √ūh 'to remove, consider'. The 'ya' suffix indicates an absolutive.
Prefix: apa
Root: ūh (class 1)
Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.
अद्य (adya) - today, now
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverb of time.
कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?
(indeclinable)
यास्यामि (yāsyāmi) - I shall go, I will go
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of yā
Future tense, 1st person singular.
Root: yā (class 2)
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of aham
aham - I
First person singular pronoun.
Note: Subject of 'yāsyāmi'.
दिवम् (divam) - to heaven, to the sky
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of div
div - heaven, sky, day
Root: div (class 4)
Note: Object of motion for 'yāsyāmi'.