मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-8, verse-13
कुतः पुष्टानि मित्राणि कुतोर्ऽथः साम्प्रतं मम ।
प्रतिग्रहः प्रदुष्टो मे नाहं यायामधः कथम् ॥१३॥
प्रतिग्रहः प्रदुष्टो मे नाहं यायामधः कथम् ॥१३॥
13. kutaḥ puṣṭāni mitrāṇi kutor'thaḥ sāmprataṃ mama .
pratigrahaḥ praduṣṭo me nāhaṃ yāyāmadhaḥ katham.
pratigrahaḥ praduṣṭo me nāhaṃ yāyāmadhaḥ katham.
13.
kutaḥ puṣṭāni mitrāṇi kutaḥ arthaḥ sāmpratam mama
pratigrahaḥ praduṣṭaḥ me na aham yāyām adhaḥ katham
pratigrahaḥ praduṣṭaḥ me na aham yāyām adhaḥ katham
13.
"Where are my prosperous friends now? From where will I get wealth? My acceptance of gifts (pratigraha) has become corrupted. How can I avoid falling into a lower realm?"
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where?, whence?
- पुष्टानि (puṣṭāni) - nourished, prosperous, strong
- मित्राणि (mitrāṇi) - friends
- कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where?, whence?
- अर्थः (arthaḥ) - wealth or resources (purpose, meaning, wealth, money)
- साम्प्रतम् (sāmpratam) - now, at present
- मम (mama) - my, for me
- प्रतिग्रहः (pratigrahaḥ) - the king's acceptance of gifts as a form of revenue, which is now considered tainted (acceptance of gifts, receiving)
- प्रदुष्टः (praduṣṭaḥ) - corrupted, tainted, defiled
- मे (me) - my (possessive) (my, for me, by me)
- न (na) - not
- अहम् (aham) - I
- यायाम् (yāyām) - I may go, I should go
- अधः (adhaḥ) - to a lower state or hellish realm (as a consequence of sin) (down, below, to a lower state/realm)
- कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?
Words meanings and morphology
कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where?, whence?
(indeclinable)
पुष्टानि (puṣṭāni) - nourished, prosperous, strong
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of puṣṭa
puṣṭa - nourished, thriving, prosperous, strong, plump
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root puṣ (to nourish, thrive), neuter nominative/accusative plural
Root: puṣ (class 4)
मित्राणि (mitrāṇi) - friends
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of mitra
mitra - friend, companion, ally
कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where?, whence?
(indeclinable)
अर्थः (arthaḥ) - wealth or resources (purpose, meaning, wealth, money)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of artha
artha - aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, money, thing, object
साम्प्रतम् (sāmpratam) - now, at present
(indeclinable)
मम (mama) - my, for me
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
Note: Possessive form.
प्रतिग्रहः (pratigrahaḥ) - the king's acceptance of gifts as a form of revenue, which is now considered tainted (acceptance of gifts, receiving)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pratigraha
pratigraha - acceptance of gifts, receiving, a gift received
Prefix: prati
Root: grah (class 9)
प्रदुष्टः (praduṣṭaḥ) - corrupted, tainted, defiled
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of praduṣṭa
praduṣṭa - corrupted, tainted, wicked, spoilt, depraved
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root duṣ (to be bad, to spoil) with prefix pra, masculine nominative singular. 'pra-' here intensifies 'duṣṭa' (corrupted, bad).
Prefix: pra
Root: duṣ (class 4)
मे (me) - my (possessive) (my, for me, by me)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
Note: Enclitic form for genitive or dative singular.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates the verb 'yāyām'.
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
Note: Subject of the verb 'yāyām'.
यायाम् (yāyām) - I may go, I should go
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of yā
Optative Active
Optative mood, 1st person singular, expressing possibility or potential
Root: yā (class 2)
अधः (adhaḥ) - to a lower state or hellish realm (as a consequence of sin) (down, below, to a lower state/realm)
(indeclinable)
कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?
(indeclinable)
Note: Interrogative adverb.