मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-8, verse-149
तत्र स्थितस्य तस्यापि राज्यं द्यूतेन हारितम् ।
भार्या हृता च पुत्रश्च स चैकाकी वनं गतः ॥१४९॥
भार्या हृता च पुत्रश्च स चैकाकी वनं गतः ॥१४९॥
149. tatra sthitasya tasyāpi rājyaṃ dyūtena hāritam .
bhāryā hṛtā ca putraśca sa caikākī vanaṃ gataḥ.
bhāryā hṛtā ca putraśca sa caikākī vanaṃ gataḥ.
149.
tatra sthitasya tasya api rājyam dyūtena hāritam |
bhāryā hṛtā ca putraḥ ca saḥ ca ekākī vanam gataḥ
bhāryā hṛtā ca putraḥ ca saḥ ca ekākī vanam gataḥ
149.
While he was there, his kingdom was also lost through gambling. His wife and son were abducted, and he, all alone, went to the forest.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तत्र (tatra) - there (in the lowly births, or in that specific situation) (there, in that place)
- स्थितस्य (sthitasya) - of him who was there, while he was there (of one who is standing/situated/abiding)
- तस्य (tasya) - his (of him, his)
- अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)
- राज्यम् (rājyam) - his kingdom (kingdom, reign, dominion)
- द्यूतेन (dyūtena) - through gambling (by gambling, by dice-play)
- हारितम् (hāritam) - was lost (caused to be taken, lost (causative passive))
- भार्या (bhāryā) - his wife (wife)
- हृता (hṛtā) - was abducted (taken, carried off, abducted)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- पुत्रः (putraḥ) - his son (son)
- च (ca) - and, too (and, also)
- सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- एकाकी (ekākī) - all alone (alone, solitary)
- वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (forest, wood)
- गतः (gataḥ) - went (gone, proceeded)
Words meanings and morphology
तत्र (tatra) - there (in the lowly births, or in that specific situation) (there, in that place)
(indeclinable)
स्थितस्य (sthitasya) - of him who was there, while he was there (of one who is standing/situated/abiding)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of sthita
sthita - standing, situated, abiding, existing
Past Passive Participle
From root 'sthā' (to stand)
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Syntactically connected with 'tasya', forming a genitive absolute-like construction.
तस्य (tasya) - his (of him, his)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the king, possessive case.
अपि (api) - also, even (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
राज्यम् (rājyam) - his kingdom (kingdom, reign, dominion)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya
rājya - kingdom, reign, dominion
Note: Subject of the passive verb 'hāritam'.
द्यूतेन (dyūtena) - through gambling (by gambling, by dice-play)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of dyūta
dyūta - gambling, dice-play, game of chance
Note: Instrument of losing the kingdom.
हारितम् (hāritam) - was lost (caused to be taken, lost (causative passive))
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of hārita
hārita - caused to be taken, lost, defeated
Causative Past Passive Participle
From causative of root 'hṛ' (to take, seize) + -ta suffix
Root: hṛ (class 1)
Note: Predicative use with 'rājyam'.
भार्या (bhāryā) - his wife (wife)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā
bhāryā - wife, (lit. 'one to be supported')
Gerundive (feminine)
From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support) + -ya suffix
Root: bhṛ (class 1)
Note: Subject of implied 'hṛtā'.
हृता (hṛtā) - was abducted (taken, carried off, abducted)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of hṛta
hṛta - taken, carried off, stolen, abducted
Past Passive Participle
From root 'hṛ' (to take, carry)
Root: hṛ (class 1)
Note: Predicative use with 'bhāryā'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects 'bhāryā hṛtā' with 'putraḥ'.
पुत्रः (putraḥ) - his son (son)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of putra
putra - son, child
Note: Subject of implied 'hṛtaḥ'.
च (ca) - and, too (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects 'putraḥ' to the previous clause. 'ca...ca' indicates 'both...and'.
सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Subject of 'gataḥ'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects the previous clause with his departure.
एकाकी (ekākī) - all alone (alone, solitary)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ekākin
ekākin - alone, solitary, lonely
Adjective from 'eka' + suffix '-ākin'
Derived from 'eka' (one) by adding the possessive suffix '-ākin'.
Note: Modifies 'saḥ'.
वनम् (vanam) - to the forest (forest, wood)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vana
vana - forest, wood, grove
Note: Object of motion for 'gataḥ'.
गतः (gataḥ) - went (gone, proceeded)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gata
gata - gone, passed, reached
Past Passive Participle
From root 'gam' (to go)
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Predicative use with 'saḥ'.