मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-85
यदि स्वाश्चापराश्चैव विन्देरन योषितो द्विजाः ।
तासां वर्णक्रमेण स्याज ज्येष्ठ्यं पूजा च वेश्म च ॥८५॥
तासां वर्णक्रमेण स्याज ज्येष्ठ्यं पूजा च वेश्म च ॥८५॥
85. yadi svāścāparāścaiva vinderan yoṣito dvijāḥ ,
tāsāṁ varṇakrameṇa syāj jyeṣṭhyaṁ pūjā ca veśma ca.
tāsāṁ varṇakrameṇa syāj jyeṣṭhyaṁ pūjā ca veśma ca.
85.
yadi svāḥ ca aparāḥ ca eva vinderan yoṣitaḥ dvijāḥ
tāsām varṇakrameṇa syāt jyeṣṭhyam pūjā ca veśma ca
tāsām varṇakrameṇa syāt jyeṣṭhyam pūjā ca veśma ca
85.
yadi dvijāḥ svāḥ ca aparāḥ ca eva yoṣitaḥ vinderan
tāsām varṇakrameṇa jyeṣṭhyam ca pūjā ca veśma ca syāt
tāsām varṇakrameṇa jyeṣṭhyam ca pūjā ca veśma ca syāt
85.
If the twice-born (dvijāḥ) marry women from their own social class (varna) and also from other classes, then among those wives, seniority, honor, and dwelling should be determined according to the order of their social classes (varna).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यदि (yadi) - if, in case
- स्वाः (svāḥ) - Referring to wives from one's own social class (varna). (one's own (feminine plural))
- च (ca) - and
- अपराः (aparāḥ) - Referring to wives from social classes (varnas) different from one's own. (other, subsequent, inferior (feminine plural))
- च (ca) - and
- एव (eva) - indeed, just, only
- विन्देरन् (vinderan) - they may marry, should marry, may obtain
- योषितः (yoṣitaḥ) - women, wives (plural)
- द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - Referring to Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, and Vaiśyas, who undergo the `upanayana` ceremony. (twice-born men (plural))
- तासाम् (tāsām) - Referring to the wives married by the dvijāḥ. (of them (feminine plural))
- वर्णक्रमेण (varṇakrameṇa) - by the order of social class (varna), according to caste
- स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be
- ज्येष्ठ्यम् (jyeṣṭhyam) - seniority, superiority, pre-eminence
- पूजा (pūjā) - honor, worship, respect
- च (ca) - and
- वेश्म (veśma) - house, dwelling, abode
- च (ca) - and
Words meanings and morphology
यदि (yadi) - if, in case
(indeclinable)
Note: Conditional particle.
स्वाः (svāḥ) - Referring to wives from one's own social class (varna). (one's own (feminine plural))
(pronoun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of sva
sva - own, one's own, self, one's own people
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
अपराः (aparāḥ) - Referring to wives from social classes (varnas) different from one's own. (other, subsequent, inferior (feminine plural))
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, plural of apara
apara - other, subsequent, inferior, another
Note: Qualifies implied 'wives'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
एव (eva) - indeed, just, only
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle.
विन्देरन् (vinderan) - they may marry, should marry, may obtain
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of vid
Root: vid (class 6)
Note: Subject is dvijāḥ.
योषितः (yoṣitaḥ) - women, wives (plural)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of yoṣit
yoṣit - woman, wife, female
Note: Object of vinderan.
द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - Referring to Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, and Vaiśyas, who undergo the `upanayana` ceremony. (twice-born men (plural))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dvija
dvija - twice-born (a Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, or Vaiśya), bird, tooth
From dvi (two) and ja (born).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+ja)
- dvi – two
numeral - ja – born, produced from
adjective
Agent Noun suffix
From root jan (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Subject of the verb vinderan.
तासाम् (tāsām) - Referring to the wives married by the dvijāḥ. (of them (feminine plural))
(pronoun)
Genitive, feminine, plural of tad
tad - that, those, her, their
वर्णक्रमेण (varṇakrameṇa) - by the order of social class (varna), according to caste
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of varṇakrama
varṇakrama - order of social classes (varnas), caste hierarchy
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṇa+krama)
- varṇa – color, outer appearance, social class (varna), caste
noun (masculine)
From root vṛ (to cover).
Root: vṛ (class 9) - krama – step, order, series, method
noun (masculine)
From root kram (to step, to proceed).
Root: kram (class 1)
Note: Indicates the means or standard for determination.
स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Verb for jyeṣṭhyam, pūjā, veśma.
ज्येष्ठ्यम् (jyeṣṭhyam) - seniority, superiority, pre-eminence
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of jyeṣṭhya
jyeṣṭhya - seniority, pre-eminence, superiority, right of the eldest
From jyeṣṭha (eldest, most excellent).
Note: One of the subjects that should be determined by varna.
पूजा (pūjā) - honor, worship, respect
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of pūjā
pūjā - worship, honor, reverence, respect
From root pūj (to honor, to worship).
Root: pūj (class 10)
Note: One of the subjects that should be determined by varna.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
वेश्म (veśma) - house, dwelling, abode
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of veśman
veśman - house, dwelling, abode
From root viś (to enter).
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: One of the subjects that should be determined by varna.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.