मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-282
समुत्सृजेद राजमार्गे यस्त्वमेध्यमनापदि ।
स द्वौ कार्षापणौ दद्यादमेध्यं चाशु शोधयेत ॥२८२॥
स द्वौ कार्षापणौ दद्यादमेध्यं चाशु शोधयेत ॥२८२॥
282. samutsṛjed rājamārge yastvamedhyamanāpadi ,
sa dvau kārṣāpaṇau dadyādamedhyaṁ cāśu śodhayet.
sa dvau kārṣāpaṇau dadyādamedhyaṁ cāśu śodhayet.
282.
yaḥ tu amedhyam anāpadi samutsṛjet rājamārge saḥ
dvau kārṣāpaṇau dadyāt amedhyam ca āśu śodhayet
dvau kārṣāpaṇau dadyāt amedhyam ca āśu śodhayet
282.
yaḥ tu anāpadi rājamārge amedhyam samutsṛjet,
saḥ dvau kārṣāpaṇau dadyāt,
ca amedhyam āśu śodhayet.
saḥ dvau kārṣāpaṇau dadyāt,
ca amedhyam āśu śodhayet.
282.
One who discards unclean matter on the royal road when there is no emergency should pay two kārṣāpaṇas and quickly clean up that unclean matter.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यः (yaḥ) - who, which
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand
- अमेध्यम् (amedhyam) - unclean matter, refuse (unclean, impure, unfit for ritual, excrement)
- अनापदि (anāpadi) - in a non-emergency, in a state of no distress
- समुत्सृजेत् (samutsṛjet) - should discard, should throw out, should abandon
- राजमार्गे (rājamārge) - on the royal road, on the high road, on the highway
- सः (saḥ) - he, that
- द्वौ (dvau) - two
- कार्षापणौ (kārṣāpaṇau) - two kārṣāpaṇas (a coin/weight unit)
- दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give, should pay
- अमेध्यम् (amedhyam) - unclean matter, refuse (unclean, impure, unfit for ritual, excrement)
- च (ca) - and, also
- आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately
- शोधयेत् (śodhayet) - should clean, should purify, should clear
Words meanings and morphology
यः (yaḥ) - who, which
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
अमेध्यम् (amedhyam) - unclean matter, refuse (unclean, impure, unfit for ritual, excrement)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of amedhya
amedhya - unclean, impure, unfit for ritual, excrement
Negation of medhya (pure, fit for ritual) with 'a' prefix.
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+medhya)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - medhya – pure, clean, fit for ritual, proper
adjective (neuter)
Gerundive
From root 'medh' (to purify, cleanse) + 'ya' suffix. Or related to 'medha' (sacrifice).
Root: medh
अनापदि (anāpadi) - in a non-emergency, in a state of no distress
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of anāpad
anāpad - non-emergency, lack of distress
Negation of āpad (distress, emergency) with 'an' prefix.
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+āpad)
- an – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - āpad – distress, calamity, emergency, misfortune
noun (feminine)
From root 'pad' (to go) with prefix 'ā'
Prefix: ā
Root: pad (class 4)
समुत्सृजेत् (samutsṛjet) - should discard, should throw out, should abandon
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of samutsṛj
Optative mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular
Root 'sṛj' (to create, emit) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ut'.
Prefixes: sam+ut
Root: sṛj (class 6)
राजमार्गे (rājamārge) - on the royal road, on the high road, on the highway
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of rājamārga
rājamārga - royal road, high road, highway
Compound of rājan (king) and mārga (path/road).
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+mārga)
- rājan – king, ruler
noun (masculine) - mārga – road, path, way
noun (masculine)
From root 'mṛg' (to seek, hunt) or 'mārg' (to trace, seek).
Root: mārg (class 10)
सः (saḥ) - he, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
द्वौ (dvau) - two
(numeral)
कार्षापणौ (kārṣāpaṇau) - two kārṣāpaṇas (a coin/weight unit)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of kārṣāpaṇa
kārṣāpaṇa - a coin or weight unit, usually copper or silver
Derived from karṣa (a weight measure) + āpaṇa (market, or suffix for coin).
दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give, should pay
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of dā
Optative mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular
Root 'dā' (to give).
Root: dā (class 3)
अमेध्यम् (amedhyam) - unclean matter, refuse (unclean, impure, unfit for ritual, excrement)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of amedhya
amedhya - unclean, impure, unfit for ritual, excrement
Negation of medhya (pure, fit for ritual) with 'a' prefix.
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+medhya)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - medhya – pure, clean, fit for ritual, proper
adjective (neuter)
Gerundive
From root 'medh' (to purify, cleanse) + 'ya' suffix. Or related to 'medha' (sacrifice).
Root: medh
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly, immediately
(indeclinable)
शोधयेत् (śodhayet) - should clean, should purify, should clear
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of śodhaya
Optative mood, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, causative stem
Causative stem from root 'śudh' (to be clean, pure). The causative form is 'śodhaya'.
Root: śudh (class 4)