मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-202
सर्वेषामपि तु न्याय्यं दातुं शक्त्या मनीषिणा ।
ग्रासाच्छादनमत्यन्तं पतितो ह्यददद भवेत ॥२०२॥
ग्रासाच्छादनमत्यन्तं पतितो ह्यददद भवेत ॥२०२॥
202. sarveṣāmapi tu nyāyyaṁ dātuṁ śaktyā manīṣiṇā ,
grāsācchādanamatyantaṁ patito hyadadad bhavet.
grāsācchādanamatyantaṁ patito hyadadad bhavet.
202.
sarveṣām api tu nyāyyam dātum śaktyā manīṣiṇā
grāsa-ācchādanam atyantam patitaḥ hi adadat bhavet
grāsa-ācchādanam atyantam patitaḥ hi adadat bhavet
202.
manīṣiṇā tu śaktyā sarveṣām api atyantam grāsa-ācchādanam dātum nyāyyam.
hi adadat patitaḥ bhavet.
hi adadat patitaḥ bhavet.
202.
It is indeed proper for an intelligent person to provide essential food and clothing to everyone, according to their capacity. For, one who fails to give (even this much) to a fallen (patita) person would himself become degraded.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all, of everyone
- अपि (api) - even, also, too
- तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand
- न्याय्यम् (nyāyyam) - proper, just, right
- दातुम् (dātum) - to give
- शक्त्या (śaktyā) - by one's capacity, power, ability
- मनीषिणा (manīṣiṇā) - by a wise person, by an intelligent person
- ग्रास-आच्छादनम् (grāsa-ācchādanam) - food and clothing
- अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - essentially, as an essential provision (greatly, excessively, essentially, always)
- पतितः (patitaḥ) - one who has become degraded (referring to the giver who fails to provide) (a fallen person, degraded)
- हि (hi) - indeed, for, because
- अददत् (adadat) - not giving, failing to give
- भवेत् (bhavet) - would become, should be
Words meanings and morphology
सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all, of everyone
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every
अपि (api) - even, also, too
(indeclinable)
तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
न्याय्यम् (nyāyyam) - proper, just, right
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of nyāyya
nyāyya - just, proper, right, suitable
दातुम् (dātum) - to give
(indeclinable)
infinitive
Root: dā (class 3)
शक्त्या (śaktyā) - by one's capacity, power, ability
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of śakti
śakti - power, ability, energy, faculty
मनीषिणा (manīṣiṇā) - by a wise person, by an intelligent person
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of manīṣin
manīṣin - wise, intelligent, thoughtful (person)
ग्रास-आच्छादनम् (grāsa-ācchādanam) - food and clothing
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of grāsa-ācchādana
grāsa-ācchādana - food and clothing
Compound type : dvandva (grāsa+ācchādana)
- grāsa – food, mouthful, morsel
noun (masculine)
Root: gras (class 1) - ācchādana – clothing, covering
noun (neuter)
Prefix: ā
Root: chad (class 10)
अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - essentially, as an essential provision (greatly, excessively, essentially, always)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of atyanta
atyanta - excessive, abundant, essential, complete
पतितः (patitaḥ) - one who has become degraded (referring to the giver who fails to provide) (a fallen person, degraded)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of patita
patita - fallen, degraded, outcast
Past Passive Participle
Root: pat (class 1)
हि (hi) - indeed, for, because
(indeclinable)
अददत् (adadat) - not giving, failing to give
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of adadat
dā - to give, grant, offer
Present Active Participle
Negative participle of root 'dā' (to give), class 3, with 'a-' prefix for negation.
Prefix: a
Root: dā (class 3)
भवेत् (bhavet) - would become, should be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)