मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-214
सर्व एव विकर्मस्था नार्हन्ति भ्रातरो धनम ।
न चादत्त्वा कनिष्ठेभ्यो ज्येष्ठः कुर्वीत योतकम ॥२१४॥
न चादत्त्वा कनिष्ठेभ्यो ज्येष्ठः कुर्वीत योतकम ॥२१४॥
214. sarva eva vikarmasthā nārhanti bhrātaro dhanam ,
na cādattvā kaniṣṭhebhyo jyeṣṭhaḥ kurvīta yotakam.
na cādattvā kaniṣṭhebhyo jyeṣṭhaḥ kurvīta yotakam.
214.
sarve eva vikarmasthāḥ na arhanti bhrātaraḥ dhanam
na ca adattvā kaniṣṭebhyaḥ jyeṣṭhaḥ kurvīta yautakam
na ca adattvā kaniṣṭebhyaḥ jyeṣṭhaḥ kurvīta yautakam
214.
vikarmasthāḥ sarve bhrātaraḥ eva dhanam na arhanti
ca jyeṣṭhaḥ kaniṣṭebhyaḥ adattvā yautakam na kurvīta
ca jyeṣṭhaḥ kaniṣṭebhyaḥ adattvā yautakam na kurvīta
214.
All brothers who are engaged in unrighteous deeds do not deserve wealth. And the eldest should not undertake any business venture without first giving a share to the younger ones.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सर्वे (sarve) - all, every
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly
- विकर्मस्थाः (vikarmasthāḥ) - those engaged in wrong actions, situated in unrighteous deeds
- न (na) - not, no
- अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - they deserve, they are worthy of
- भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - brothers
- धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, property, riches
- न (na) - not, no
- च (ca) - and, also
- अदत्त्वा (adattvā) - without having given, not having given
- कनिष्टेभ्यः (kaniṣṭebhyaḥ) - to the younger brothers (to the youngest, to the younger ones)
- ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest brother (the eldest, the senior most)
- कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - he should do, he should undertake
- यौतकम् (yautakam) - business venture (business, enterprise, undertaking, gain)
Words meanings and morphology
सर्वे (sarve) - all, every
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, entire
Note: Pronominal adjective modifying "bhrātaraḥ"
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly
(indeclinable)
विकर्मस्थाः (vikarmasthāḥ) - those engaged in wrong actions, situated in unrighteous deeds
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vikarmastha
vikarmastha - situated in wrong actions, engaged in unrighteous deeds
compound of vi-karma and stha
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vikarma+stha)
- vikarma – wrong action, improper deed, unrighteous act
noun (neuter)
compound of vi (prefix) + karma (action)
Prefix: vi - stha – standing, situated, being in
adjective
from root sthā (to stand)
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Predicative adjective for "bhrātaraḥ"
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - they deserve, they are worthy of
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of arh
Present active indicative
3rd person plural, Parasmaipada
Root: arh (class 1)
भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - brothers
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ
bhrātṛ - brother
Note: Subject of "arhanti"
धनम् (dhanam) - wealth, property, riches
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana
dhana - wealth, property, riches, money
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Object of "arhanti"
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अदत्त्वा (adattvā) - without having given, not having given
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (gerund)
Formed with suffix -tvā, negated by 'a-' prefix
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Negative absolutive, means "without giving"
कनिष्टेभ्यः (kaniṣṭebhyaḥ) - to the younger brothers (to the youngest, to the younger ones)
(adjective)
Dative, masculine, plural of kaniṣṭha
kaniṣṭha - youngest, junior most, smallest
Superlative degree of yuvan (young) or kani
Note: Refers to younger brothers
ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest brother (the eldest, the senior most)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha
jyeṣṭha - eldest, senior most, best, chief
Superlative degree of vrddha (old/grown)
Note: Subject of "kurvīta", refers to the eldest brother.
कुर्वीत (kurvīta) - he should do, he should undertake
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of kṛ
Present middle optative
3rd person singular, Ātmanepada
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Expresses a prescriptive command or obligation.
यौतकम् (yautakam) - business venture (business, enterprise, undertaking, gain)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of yautaka
yautaka - common property, joint concern, a gift
From yuta (joined) + ka (suffix)
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Object of "kurvīta"