मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-305
अष्टौ मासान यथाऽदित्यस्तोयं हरति रश्मिभिः ।
तथा हरेत करं राष्ट्रात्नित्यमर्कव्रतं हि तत ॥३०५॥
तथा हरेत करं राष्ट्रात्नित्यमर्कव्रतं हि तत ॥३०५॥
305. aṣṭau māsān yathā'dityastoyaṁ harati raśmibhiḥ ,
tathā haret karaṁ rāṣṭrātnityamarkavrataṁ hi tat.
tathā haret karaṁ rāṣṭrātnityamarkavrataṁ hi tat.
305.
aṣṭau māsān yathā ādityaḥ toyam harati raśmibhiḥ
tathā hareta karam rāṣṭrāt nityam arka-vratam hi tat
tathā hareta karam rāṣṭrāt nityam arka-vratam hi tat
305.
yathā ādityaḥ aṣṭau māsān raśmibhiḥ toyam harati tathā
(nṛpaḥ) rāṣṭrāt nityam karam hareta hi tat arka-vratam (asti)
(nṛpaḥ) rāṣṭrāt nityam karam hareta hi tat arka-vratam (asti)
305.
Just as the Sun continuously draws water with its rays for eight months, so too should a ruler always collect taxes from the kingdom, for that is indeed the observance of the (arka).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight
- मासान् (māsān) - months
- यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)
- आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the Sun (the sun, a son of Aditi)
- तोयम् (toyam) - water
- हरति (harati) - draws (water) (carries away, takes, seizes, draws)
- रश्मिभिः (raśmibhiḥ) - with (its) rays (with rays, with reins, with cords)
- तथा (tathā) - so too (so, thus, in that manner)
- हरेत (hareta) - should collect (taxes) (should collect, should take, should draw)
- करम् (karam) - tax (tax, hand, ray, tribute)
- राष्ट्रात् (rāṣṭrāt) - from the kingdom (from the kingdom, from the country)
- नित्यम् (nityam) - always, continuously (constantly, always, perpetually)
- अर्क-व्रतम् (arka-vratam) - the observance of the (arka) (the observance/vow/conduct of the Sun)
- हि (hi) - for, indeed (for, indeed, because)
- तत् (tat) - that (referring to the action of collecting taxes) (that, it)
Words meanings and morphology
अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight
(numeral)
Note: Qualifies 'māsān'.
मासान् (māsān) - months
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of māsa
māsa - month
Note: Denotes duration.
यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)
(indeclinable)
Note: Introduces a comparison.
आदित्यः (ādityaḥ) - the Sun (the sun, a son of Aditi)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of āditya
āditya - the Sun, a son of Aditi
Note: Subject of 'harati'.
तोयम् (toyam) - water
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of toya
toya - water
Note: Object of 'harati'.
हरति (harati) - draws (water) (carries away, takes, seizes, draws)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of √hṛ
Present active indicative
Root: √hṛ (class 1)
रश्मिभिः (raśmibhiḥ) - with (its) rays (with rays, with reins, with cords)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of raśmi
raśmi - ray (of light), rein, cord
Note: Instrument of drawing.
तथा (tathā) - so too (so, thus, in that manner)
(indeclinable)
Note: Introduces the consequence or parallel action.
हरेत (hareta) - should collect (taxes) (should collect, should take, should draw)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √hṛ
Optative active
Root: √hṛ (class 1)
करम् (karam) - tax (tax, hand, ray, tribute)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kara
kara - tax, hand, ray, tribute
From √kṛ (to do).
Root: √kṛ (class 8)
Note: Object of 'hareta'.
राष्ट्रात् (rāṣṭrāt) - from the kingdom (from the kingdom, from the country)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra
rāṣṭra - kingdom, realm, country, nation
From √rāj (to rule).
Root: √rāj (class 1)
Note: Source from which taxes are collected.
नित्यम् (nityam) - always, continuously (constantly, always, perpetually)
(indeclinable)
Can function as an adverb.
Note: Adverb modifying 'hareta'.
अर्क-व्रतम् (arka-vratam) - the observance of the (arka) (the observance/vow/conduct of the Sun)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of arka-vrata
arka-vrata - the observance, vow, duty, conduct of the Sun
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (arka+vrata)
- arka – sun, ray, praise
noun (masculine) - vrata – vow, sacred observance, duty, conduct
noun (neuter)
Note: Predicate noun to 'tat'.
हि (hi) - for, indeed (for, indeed, because)
(indeclinable)
Note: Explanatory particle.
तत् (tat) - that (referring to the action of collecting taxes) (that, it)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, it, he, she
Note: Subject of implied 'asti'.