मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-140
मातुः प्रथमतः पिण्डं निर्वपेत पुत्रिकासुतः ।
द्वितीयं तु पितुस्तस्यास्तृतीयं तत्पितुः पितुः ॥१४०॥
द्वितीयं तु पितुस्तस्यास्तृतीयं तत्पितुः पितुः ॥१४०॥
140. mātuḥ prathamataḥ piṇḍaṁ nirvapet putrikāsutaḥ ,
dvitīyaṁ tu pitustasyāstṛtīyaṁ tatpituḥ pituḥ.
dvitīyaṁ tu pitustasyāstṛtīyaṁ tatpituḥ pituḥ.
140.
mātuḥ prathamataḥ piṇḍam nirvapeta putrikāsutaḥ |
dvitīyam tu pituḥ tasyāḥ tṛtīyam tat pituḥ pituḥ
dvitīyam tu pituḥ tasyāḥ tṛtīyam tat pituḥ pituḥ
140.
putrikāsutaḥ prathamataḥ mātuḥ piṇḍam nirvapeta
dvitīyam tu tasyāḥ pituḥ tṛtīyam tat pituḥ pituḥ
dvitīyam tu tasyāḥ pituḥ tṛtīyam tat pituḥ pituḥ
140.
The son of an appointed daughter (putrikāputra) should first offer the funeral cake (piṇḍa) to his mother. The second should be offered to her father, and the third to her father's father (i.e., the maternal grandfather).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother, from the mother
- प्रथमतः (prathamataḥ) - firstly, in the first place, initially
- पिण्डम् (piṇḍam) - a rice-ball offering for ancestors (piṇḍa) (funeral cake, ball (of rice/flour))
- निर्वपेत (nirvapeta) - should perform the offering ritual (of the piṇḍa) (one should offer, he should cast down)
- पुत्रिकासुतः (putrikāsutaḥ) - the son of an appointed daughter
- द्वितीयम् (dvitīyam) - the second funeral cake (piṇḍa) (the second)
- तु (tu) - but, and, indeed, however
- पितुः (pituḥ) - of her father (the maternal grandfather) (of the father, from the father)
- तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of that appointed daughter (putrikā) (of her, from her)
- तृतीयम् (tṛtīyam) - the third funeral cake (piṇḍa) (the third)
- तत् (tat) - of her (the daughter's) father (of that, of him)
- पितुः (pituḥ) - of her father (of the father, from the father)
- पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father's father (the maternal grandfather) (of the father, from the father)
Words meanings and morphology
मातुः (mātuḥ) - of the mother, from the mother
(noun)
Genitive, feminine, singular of mātṛ
mātṛ - mother, female ancestor
प्रथमतः (prathamataḥ) - firstly, in the first place, initially
(indeclinable)
Adverbial form created with the suffix -tas.
पिण्डम् (piṇḍam) - a rice-ball offering for ancestors (piṇḍa) (funeral cake, ball (of rice/flour))
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of piṇḍa
piṇḍa - ball, lump, globe, body, mass, food, esp. a rice-ball offered to ancestors during śrāddha rites
Note: Object of 'nirvapeta'.
निर्वपेत (nirvapeta) - should perform the offering ritual (of the piṇḍa) (one should offer, he should cast down)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of nirvap
optative
Root 'vap' (to sow, scatter) with prefix 'nir'. Parasmāipada, optative mood, 3rd person singular.
Prefix: nir
Root: vap (class 1)
Note: Expresses a prescriptive rule or recommendation.
पुत्रिकासुतः (putrikāsutaḥ) - the son of an appointed daughter
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of putrikāsuta
putrikāsuta - son of a 'putrikā' (appointed daughter, whose son is considered a son to her father for lineage purposes)
Tatpurusha compound 'putrikā' (appointed daughter) and 'suta' (son).
Compound type : tatpurusha (putrikā+suta)
- putrikā – appointed daughter (a daughter given with the condition that her son will be considered as her father's son)
noun (feminine)
From 'putra' (son) with an 'ika' suffix. - suta – son, child
noun (masculine)
From the root 'sū' (to give birth).
Root: sū (class 2)
Note: Subject of the verb 'nirvapeta'.
द्वितीयम् (dvitīyam) - the second funeral cake (piṇḍa) (the second)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dvitīya
dvitīya - second, secondary
Ordinal number derived from 'dvi' (two).
तु (tu) - but, and, indeed, however
(indeclinable)
पितुः (pituḥ) - of her father (the maternal grandfather) (of the father, from the father)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of that appointed daughter (putrikā) (of her, from her)
(pronoun)
Genitive, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, this, she (demonstrative pronoun)
Note: Refers to the 'putrikā' (appointed daughter) mentioned implicitly.
तृतीयम् (tṛtīyam) - the third funeral cake (piṇḍa) (the third)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tṛtīya
tṛtīya - third
Ordinal number derived from 'tri' (three).
तत् (tat) - of her (the daughter's) father (of that, of him)
(pronoun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, this, it (demonstrative pronoun)
Note: In the compound 'tat pituḥ pituḥ', 'tat' functions as a genitive modifier to the first 'pituḥ', referring to 'her' (the putrikā's) father.
पितुः (pituḥ) - of her father (of the father, from the father)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
Note: First 'pituḥ' in 'tat pituḥ pituḥ'.
पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father's father (the maternal grandfather) (of the father, from the father)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
Note: Second 'pituḥ' in 'tat pituḥ pituḥ', completing the sense 'father's father'.