मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-2
अस्वतन्त्राः स्त्रियः कार्याः पुरुषैः स्वैर्दिवानिशम ।
विषयेषु च सज्जन्त्यः संस्थाप्या आत्मनो वशे ॥२॥
विषयेषु च सज्जन्त्यः संस्थाप्या आत्मनो वशे ॥२॥
2. asvatantrāḥ striyaḥ kāryāḥ puruṣaiḥ svairdivāniśam ,
viṣayeṣu ca sajjantyaḥ saṁsthāpyā ātmano vaśe.
viṣayeṣu ca sajjantyaḥ saṁsthāpyā ātmano vaśe.
2.
asvatantrāḥ striyaḥ kāryāḥ puruṣaiḥ svaiḥ divāniśam
viṣayeṣu ca sajjantyaḥ saṃsthāpyāḥ ātmanaḥ vaśe
viṣayeṣu ca sajjantyaḥ saṃsthāpyāḥ ātmanaḥ vaśe
2.
striyaḥ asvatantrāḥ kāryāḥ svaiḥ puruṣaiḥ divāniśam
ca viṣayeṣu sajjantyaḥ ātmanaḥ vaśe saṃsthāpyāḥ
ca viṣayeṣu sajjantyaḥ ātmanaḥ vaśe saṃsthāpyāḥ
2.
Women should be kept dependent by their own male guardians day and night. For they tend to become attached to sense objects, they should be kept under their (guardians') control (ātman).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अस्वतन्त्राः (asvatantrāḥ) - not independent (not independent, dependent)
- स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women
- कार्याः (kāryāḥ) - should be kept (to be done, to be made, to be kept)
- पुरुषैः (puruṣaiḥ) - by men (male guardians) (by men, by persons)
- स्वैः (svaiḥ) - by their own (male guardians) (by one's own, by their own)
- दिवानिशम् (divāniśam) - constantly (day and night, constantly)
- विषयेषु (viṣayeṣu) - in sense objects (worldly pleasures) (in objects, in matters, in sense objects)
- च (ca) - and, for (and, also)
- सज्जन्त्यः (sajjantyaḥ) - becoming attached (to sense objects) (clinging, becoming attached, being fixed on)
- संस्थाप्याः (saṁsthāpyāḥ) - should be kept (to be kept, to be established, to be placed)
- आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of their (guardians') own (control) (of the self, of one's own)
- वशे (vaśe) - under control (in control, under control, in power)
Words meanings and morphology
अस्वतन्त्राः (asvatantrāḥ) - not independent (not independent, dependent)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of asvatantra
asvatantra - not independent, dependent
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nañ) (a+svatantra)
- a – not
indeclinable
negative prefix - svatantra – independent, free
adjective (masculine)
स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of strī
strī - woman, female
कार्याः (kāryāḥ) - should be kept (to be done, to be made, to be kept)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of kārya
kārya - to be done, to be made, work, duty
Gerundive
formed from root kṛ with suffix -ya
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: The verbal derivative (Gerundive) functions here as an adjective in the predicate.
पुरुषैः (puruṣaiḥ) - by men (male guardians) (by men, by persons)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, male, person
स्वैः (svaiḥ) - by their own (male guardians) (by one's own, by their own)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of sva
sva - own, one's own, self
Note: Functions as an adjective here, agreeing with 'puruṣaiḥ'.
दिवानिशम् (divāniśam) - constantly (day and night, constantly)
(indeclinable)
from divā (by day) and niśā (night), forms an adverbial compound
Compound type : dvandva (divā+niśā)
- divā – by day, during the day
indeclinable - niśā – night
noun (feminine)
विषयेषु (viṣayeṣu) - in sense objects (worldly pleasures) (in objects, in matters, in sense objects)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of viṣaya
viṣaya - object, sphere, domain, sense object
च (ca) - and, for (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Often used to connect clauses or imply a reason/explanation.
सज्जन्त्यः (sajjantyaḥ) - becoming attached (to sense objects) (clinging, becoming attached, being fixed on)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of sajjantī
sajjantī - clinging, being attached
Present Active Participle
feminine form of sajjat, from root sajj (to cling, be attached)
Root: sajj (class 1)
Note: Agrees with `striyaḥ`.
संस्थाप्याः (saṁsthāpyāḥ) - should be kept (to be kept, to be established, to be placed)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of saṃsthāpya
saṁsthāpya - to be kept, to be established, to be placed
Gerundive
from root sthā (to stand) with prefix sam and causative suffix -āp, then gerundive suffix -ya
Prefix: sam
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Functions as an adjective in the predicate, agreeing with `striyaḥ`.
आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of their (guardians') own (control) (of the self, of one's own)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, spirit
Note: Used with `vaśe` to indicate 'under one's control'.
वशे (vaśe) - under control (in control, under control, in power)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of vaśa
vaśa - control, power, will
Root: vaś