मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-207
भ्रातॄणां यस्तु नैहेत धनं शक्तः स्वकर्मणा ।
स निर्भाज्यः स्वकादंशात किं चिद दत्त्वोपजीवनम ॥२०७॥
स निर्भाज्यः स्वकादंशात किं चिद दत्त्वोपजीवनम ॥२०७॥
207. bhrātṝṇāṁ yastu naiheta dhanaṁ śaktaḥ svakarmaṇā ,
sa nirbhājyaḥ svakādaṁśāt kiṁ cid dattvopajīvanam.
sa nirbhājyaḥ svakādaṁśāt kiṁ cid dattvopajīvanam.
207.
bhrātṝṇām yaḥ tu na īheta dhanaṃ śaktaḥ svakarmaṇā
sa nirbhājyaḥ svakāt aṃśāt kim cit dattvā upajīvanam
sa nirbhājyaḥ svakāt aṃśāt kim cit dattvā upajīvanam
207.
However, if one is capable by his own effort (karma) but does not desire the wealth of his brothers, he should be excluded from his own share, after being given a small portion for his livelihood.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- भ्रातॄणाम् (bhrātṝṇām) - of the brothers (referring to ancestral property) (of brothers)
- यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which)
- तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, however)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- ईहेत (īheta) - does not desire (may desire, should desire)
- धनं (dhanaṁ) - wealth (wealth, property)
- शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - being capable (capable, able, strong)
- स्वकर्मणा (svakarmaṇā) - by his own effort (karma) (by one's own action/deed/work)
- स (sa) - he (he, that)
- निर्भाज्यः (nirbhājyaḥ) - should be excluded (to be excluded, to be deprived)
- स्वकात् (svakāt) - from his own (from one's own)
- अंशात् (aṁśāt) - from his share (from a share, from a portion)
- किम् (kim) - a little, something (what, something, a little)
- चित् (cit) - (making indefinite, 'a little bit') (and, even, also, a particle expressing indefiniteness (any, some, certain))
- दत्त्वा (dattvā) - after being given (having given)
- उपजीवनम् (upajīvanam) - for his livelihood (means of livelihood, subsistence)
Words meanings and morphology
भ्रातॄणाम् (bhrātṝṇām) - of the brothers (referring to ancestral property) (of brothers)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ
bhrātṛ - brother
यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, that
तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, however)
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
ईहेत (īheta) - does not desire (may desire, should desire)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of īh
root of class 1, ātmanepada
Root: īh (class 1)
धनं (dhanaṁ) - wealth (wealth, property)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dhana
dhana - wealth, property, riches
Root: dhā (class 3)
शक्तः (śaktaḥ) - being capable (capable, able, strong)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śakta
śakta - capable, able, strong, powerful
Past Passive Participle
From root śak (to be able)
Root: śak (class 5)
Note: Used here in nominative case, referring to the subject yaḥ.
स्वकर्मणा (svakarmaṇā) - by his own effort (karma) (by one's own action/deed/work)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of svakarma
svakarma - one's own action, one's own duty, one's own work
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+karma)
- sva – own, self
pronoun/adjective (masculine) - karma – action, deed, work, ritual
noun (neuter)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: karma is one of the bracketed terms.
स (sa) - he (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - he, she, it, that
Note: Refers back to yaḥ.
निर्भाज्यः (nirbhājyaḥ) - should be excluded (to be excluded, to be deprived)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nirbhājya
nirbhājya - to be excluded, to be deprived, to be divided (gerundive)
Gerundive
From root bhaj (to divide, share) with prefix nir-
Prefix: nir
Root: bhaj (class 1)
Note: Expresses obligation or fitness for an action.
स्वकात् (svakāt) - from his own (from one's own)
(pronoun/adjective)
Note: Also could be neuter, singular, ablative.
अंशात् (aṁśāt) - from his share (from a share, from a portion)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of aṃśa
aṁśa - share, portion, part
किम् (kim) - a little, something (what, something, a little)
(indeclinable)
Note: Can also be a neuter singular nominative/accusative of kim (what?). Here, it's an adverbial 'a little'.
चित् (cit) - (making indefinite, 'a little bit') (and, even, also, a particle expressing indefiniteness (any, some, certain))
(indeclinable)
Note: The Devanagari चिद is sandhi for चित्.
दत्त्वा (dattvā) - after being given (having given)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root dā (to give), kṛt suffix -tvā
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.
उपजीवनम् (upajīvanam) - for his livelihood (means of livelihood, subsistence)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of upajīvana
upajīvana - means of livelihood, subsistence, living
From root jīv (to live) with upasarga upa-
Prefix: upa
Root: jīv (class 1)
Note: Or accusative. Given the context 'given for livelihood', nominative is possible, or accusative of purpose.