मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-313
परामप्यापदं प्राप्तो ब्राह्मणान्न प्रकोपयेत ।
ते ह्येनं कुपिता हन्युः सद्यः सबलवाहनम ॥३१३॥
ते ह्येनं कुपिता हन्युः सद्यः सबलवाहनम ॥३१३॥
313. parāmapyāpadaṁ prāpto brāhmaṇānna prakopayet ,
te hyenaṁ kupitā hanyuḥ sadyaḥ sabalavāhanam.
te hyenaṁ kupitā hanyuḥ sadyaḥ sabalavāhanam.
313.
parām api āpadam prāptaḥ brāhmaṇān na prakopayet
te hi enam kupitāḥ hanyuḥ sadyaḥ sabalavāhanam
te hi enam kupitāḥ hanyuḥ sadyaḥ sabalavāhanam
313.
parām api āpadam prāptaḥ brāhmaṇān na prakopayet
hi te kupitāḥ enam sabalavāhanam sadyaḥ hanyuḥ
hi te kupitāḥ enam sabalavāhanam sadyaḥ hanyuḥ
313.
Even having reached the greatest calamity, one should not provoke brahmins. For they, when angered, would instantly destroy him along with his army and vehicles.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पराम् (parām) - highest, utmost, extreme, supreme
- अपि (api) - even, also, although
- आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity, distress, misfortune
- प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - having obtained, having reached, attained
- ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - brahmins
- न (na) - not, no
- प्रकोपयेत् (prakopayet) - should provoke, should anger, should irritate
- ते (te) - they
- हि (hi) - for, because, indeed
- एनम् (enam) - him, this one
- कुपिताः (kupitāḥ) - angered, enraged, furious
- हन्युः (hanyuḥ) - would kill, should kill, might kill
- सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, instantly, at once
- सबलवाहनम् (sabalavāhanam) - along with his army and vehicles, with forces and mounts
Words meanings and morphology
पराम् (parām) - highest, utmost, extreme, supreme
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of para
para - other, another, supreme, distant, highest, utmost
Feminine accusative singular.
Note: Qualifies āpadam.
अपि (api) - even, also, although
(indeclinable)
Postpositional particle.
आपदम् (āpadam) - calamity, distress, misfortune
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of āpad
āpad - calamity, distress, misfortune, danger
Root pad- (to go) with prefix ā-. Feminine noun.
Prefix: ā
Root: pad (class 4)
Note: Object of prāptaḥ.
प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - having obtained, having reached, attained
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta
prāpta - obtained, reached, attained, acquired
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root āp- (to obtain) with prefix pra- and suffix -ta.
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - brahmins
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, a member of the priestly class
Derived from 'brahman'.
Note: Object of prakopayet.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Negative particle.
प्रकोपयेत् (prakopayet) - should provoke, should anger, should irritate
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of prakopaya
Causative optative mood, 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada.
Causative of root kup- (to be angry) with prefix pra-.
Prefix: pra
Root: kup (class 4)
ते (te) - they
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, this, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative plural.
Note: Refers to brāhmaṇān.
हि (hi) - for, because, indeed
(indeclinable)
Emphatic/causal particle.
Note: Provides the reason for the warning.
एनम् (enam) - him, this one
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of enad
enad - this, him, her, it
Demonstrative pronoun (often used anaphorically), masculine accusative singular.
Note: Object of hanyuḥ.
कुपिताः (kupitāḥ) - angered, enraged, furious
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kupita
kupita - angered, enraged, furious, wrathful
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root kup- (to be angry) with suffix -ta.
Root: kup (class 4)
Note: Qualifies te (the brahmins).
हन्युः (hanyuḥ) - would kill, should kill, might kill
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, optative (liṅ) of han
Optative mood, 3rd person plural, Parasmaipada.
Root han- (to strike, kill), class 2 verb.
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Verb for te (brahmins).
सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, instantly, at once
(indeclinable)
Often used adverbially.
Note: Adverbial usage.
सबलवाहनम् (sabalavāhanam) - along with his army and vehicles, with forces and mounts
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sabalavāhana
sabalavāhana - accompanied by army and vehicles/mounts, with forces and conveyances
Bahuvrihi compound: 'sa' (with) + 'bala' (strength/army) + 'vāhana' (vehicle/mount).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bala+vāhana)
- sa – with, accompanied by
indeclinable
Prefix indicating accompaniment. - bala – strength, power, army, force
noun (neuter) - vāhana – vehicle, mount, conveyance
noun (neuter)
Derived from root vah- (to carry).
Root: vah (class 1)