मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-154
यद्यपि स्यात तु सत्पुत्रोऽप्यसत्पुत्रोऽपि वा भवेत ।
नाधिकं दशमाद दद्यात्शूद्रापुत्राय धर्मतः ॥१५४॥
नाधिकं दशमाद दद्यात्शूद्रापुत्राय धर्मतः ॥१५४॥
154. yadyapi syāt tu satputro'pyasatputro'pi vā bhavet ,
nādhikaṁ daśamād dadyātśūdrāputrāya dharmataḥ.
nādhikaṁ daśamād dadyātśūdrāputrāya dharmataḥ.
154.
yadyapi syāt tu satputraḥ api asatputraḥ api vā bhavet
na adhikam daśamāt dadyāt śūdrāputrāya dharmataḥ
na adhikam daśamāt dadyāt śūdrāputrāya dharmataḥ
154.
yadyapi tu satputraḥ api asatputraḥ api vā bhavet
śūdrāputrāya daśamāt adhikam na dadyāt dharmataḥ
śūdrāputrāya daśamāt adhikam na dadyāt dharmataḥ
154.
Even if there is a worthy son or an unworthy son, one should not, according to the prescribed rule (dharma), give more than a tenth share to a son born from a śūdra wife.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यद्यपि (yadyapi) - even if, although
- स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let it be
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet
- सत्पुत्रः (satputraḥ) - a good son, a worthy son
- अपि (api) - also, even
- असत्पुत्रः (asatputraḥ) - an unworthy son, a bad son
- अपि (api) - also, even
- वा (vā) - or
- भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be
- न (na) - not, no
- अधिकम् (adhikam) - more, excessive
- दशमात् (daśamāt) - from the tenth (part)
- दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give, one should give
- शूद्रापुत्राय (śūdrāputrāya) - to the son born of a śūdra woman
- धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - according to (dharma), by law, righteously
Words meanings and morphology
यद्यपि (yadyapi) - even if, although
(indeclinable)
स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let it be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of as
Optative mood, 3rd person singular
From root 'as' (class 2) with optative ending.
Root: as (class 2)
तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet
(indeclinable)
सत्पुत्रः (satputraḥ) - a good son, a worthy son
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of satputra
satputra - good son, worthy son
Compound type : karmadhāraya (sat+putra)
- sat – good, existing, true
adjective
Present active participle
From root 'as' (to be)
Root: as (class 2) - putra – son
noun (masculine)
अपि (api) - also, even
(indeclinable)
असत्पुत्रः (asatputraḥ) - an unworthy son, a bad son
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of asatputra
asatputra - unworthy son, bad son
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+satputra)
- a – not, non-
prefix - satputra – good son, worthy son
noun (masculine)
अपि (api) - also, even
(indeclinable)
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū
Optative mood, 3rd person singular
From root 'bhū' (class 1) with optative ending.
Root: bhū (class 1)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
अधिकम् (adhikam) - more, excessive
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of adhika
adhika - more, excessive, abundant
दशमात् (daśamāt) - from the tenth (part)
(adjective)
Ablative, neuter, singular of daśama
daśama - tenth
Ordinal numeral adjective from 'daśa' (ten).
Note: Implied 'share' or 'portion' (aṃśāt).
दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give, one should give
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of dā
Optative mood, 3rd person singular
From root 'dā' (class 3/1/2) with optative ending. Here, from class 3 reduplicated.
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: The implied subject is 'one' (e.g., the father).
शूद्रापुत्राय (śūdrāputrāya) - to the son born of a śūdra woman
(noun)
Dative, masculine, singular of śūdrāputra
śūdrāputra - son of a śūdra woman
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śūdrā+putra)
- śūdrā – śūdra woman
noun (feminine)
Feminine form of śūdra. - putra – son
noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to a son born from a father (of higher varṇa) and a mother of the śūdra varṇa.
धर्मतः (dharmataḥ) - according to (dharma), by law, righteously
(indeclinable)
Formed with suffix -tas from 'dharma'.
Note: Refers to social law or righteous conduct.