मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-156
समवर्णासु वा जाताः सर्वे पुत्रा द्विजन्मनाम ।
उद्धारं ज्यायसे दत्त्वा भजेरन्नितरे समम ॥१५६॥
उद्धारं ज्यायसे दत्त्वा भजेरन्नितरे समम ॥१५६॥
156. samavarṇāsu vā jātāḥ sarve putrā dvijanmanām ,
uddhāraṁ jyāyase dattvā bhajerannitare samam.
uddhāraṁ jyāyase dattvā bhajerannitare samam.
156.
samavarṇāsu vā jātāḥ sarve putrāḥ dvijanmanām
uddhāram jyāyase dattvā bhajeran itare samam
uddhāram jyāyase dattvā bhajeran itare samam
156.
dvijanmanām samavarṇāsu jātāḥ sarve putrāḥ
jyāyase uddhāram dattvā itare samam bhajeran
jyāyase uddhāram dattvā itare samam bhajeran
156.
When all sons are born to members of the twice-born classes (dvijanman) from wives of the same social class, after giving the special portion (uddhāra) to the eldest, the other sons should divide the remainder equally.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- समवर्णासु (samavarṇāsu) - in wives of the same social class
- वा (vā) - or
- जाताः (jātāḥ) - born, produced
- सर्वे (sarve) - all, entire
- पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons
- द्विजन्मनाम् (dvijanmanām) - of the twice-born
- उद्धारम् (uddhāram) - special share, extra portion
- ज्यायसे (jyāyase) - to the eldest, to the superior
- दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given
- भजेरन् (bhajeran) - they should divide, they should share
- इतरे (itare) - the other sons (the others)
- समम् (samam) - equally, in equal measure
Words meanings and morphology
समवर्णासु (samavarṇāsu) - in wives of the same social class
(adjective)
Locative, feminine, plural of samavarṇā
samavarṇā - of the same class or caste, a wife of the same class
Feminine form of samavarṇa.
Compound type : karmadhāraya (sama+varṇa)
- sama – same, equal
adjective - varṇā – social class (feminine, referring to a woman of that class)
noun (feminine)
Feminine of varṇa.
Note: Modifies implied 'strīṣu' (in women/wives).
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
जाताः (jātāḥ) - born, produced
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of jāta
jāta - born, produced, arisen
Past Passive Participle
From root 'jan' (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Modifies 'putrāḥ'.
सर्वे (sarve) - all, entire
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole, entire
Note: Modifies 'putrāḥ'.
पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of putra
putra - son
Note: Subject of 'bhajeran'.
द्विजन्मनाम् (dvijanmanām) - of the twice-born
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of dvijanman
dvijanman - twice-born (referring to Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas who undergo upanayana)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+janman)
- dvi – two, twice
numeral - janman – birth
noun (neuter)
Note: Refers to the father(s).
उद्धारम् (uddhāram) - special share, extra portion
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of uddhāra
uddhāra - special share, extra portion, selection
From 'ud' + root 'dhṛ' (to hold, support).
Prefix: ud
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Object of 'dattvā'.
ज्यायसे (jyāyase) - to the eldest, to the superior
(adjective)
Dative, masculine, singular of jyāyas
jyāyas - elder, superior, greater
Comparative form of 'vṛddha' or 'jyeṣṭha'.
Note: Refers to the eldest son.
दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given
(indeclinable)
absolutive/gerund
From root 'dā' (to give) with suffix -tvā.
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Connects to 'bhajeran'.
भजेरन् (bhajeran) - they should divide, they should share
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhaj
Optative mood, 3rd person plural
From root 'bhaj' (class 1) with optative ending.
Root: bhaj (class 1)
Note: Subject is 'itare putrāḥ'.
इतरे (itare) - the other sons (the others)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of itara
itara - other, another, the rest
Note: Refers to the sons other than the eldest.
समम् (samam) - equally, in equal measure
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverbial usage.