मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-150
कीनाशो गोवृषो यानमलङ्कारश्च वेश्म च ।
विप्रस्यौद्धारिकं देयमेकांशश्च प्रधानतः ॥१५०॥
विप्रस्यौद्धारिकं देयमेकांशश्च प्रधानतः ॥१५०॥
150. kīnāśo govṛṣo yānamalaṅkāraśca veśma ca ,
viprasyauddhārikaṁ deyamekāṁśaśca pradhānataḥ.
viprasyauddhārikaṁ deyamekāṁśaśca pradhānataḥ.
150.
kīnāśaḥ govṛṣaḥ yānam alaṅkāraḥ ca veśma ca
viprasya auddhārikam deyam ekāṃśaḥ ca pradhānataḥ
viprasya auddhārikam deyam ekāṃśaḥ ca pradhānataḥ
150.
viprasya auddhārikam deyam kīnāśaḥ govṛṣaḥ yānam
alaṅkāraḥ ca veśma ca ekāṃśaḥ ca pradhānataḥ
alaṅkāraḥ ca veśma ca ekāṃśaḥ ca pradhānataḥ
150.
The agricultural implements, a cow and a bull, a vehicle, ornaments, and a house – these should be given as a preferential share (auddhārika) to a brahmin, along with one principal share.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कीनाशः (kīnāśaḥ) - agricultural implements or assets (farmer, plowman, cultivated field, produce, agricultural implements)
- गोवृषः (govṛṣaḥ) - a cow and a bull (as valuable livestock) (cow and bull, bull (for plowing/breeding), cattle)
- यानम् (yānam) - a conveyance or mode of transport (vehicle, conveyance, going)
- अलङ्कारः (alaṅkāraḥ) - items of personal decoration or jewellery (ornament, decoration, embellishment)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- वेश्म (veśma) - a residential dwelling (house, dwelling)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- विप्रस्य (viprasya) - belonging to the brahmin (recipient) (of the brahmin, of the wise, of the inspired)
- औद्धारिकम् (auddhārikam) - a specifically designated additional share given to a deserving heir (special share, preferential portion, extra share)
- देयम् (deyam) - should be given (to be given, payable, due)
- एकांशः (ekāṁśaḥ) - one principal share (one share, a single portion)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- प्रधानतः (pradhānataḥ) - as a primary share, principally (primarily, chiefly, principally)
Words meanings and morphology
कीनाशः (kīnāśaḥ) - agricultural implements or assets (farmer, plowman, cultivated field, produce, agricultural implements)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kīnāśa
kīnāśa - farmer, plowman, agricultural implements, cultivated field, produce
गोवृषः (govṛṣaḥ) - a cow and a bull (as valuable livestock) (cow and bull, bull (for plowing/breeding), cattle)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of govṛṣa
govṛṣa - cow and bull; bull
Dvanda compound of go (cow) and vṛṣa (bull), or a single word meaning 'bull'. Context suggests 'cow and bull' or 'cattle'.
Compound type : dvandva (go+vṛṣa)
- go – cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light
noun (feminine) - vṛṣa – bull, male animal, best, chief, rain
noun (masculine)
Note: The form is masculine nominative singular, but implies 'cow and bull' often.
यानम् (yānam) - a conveyance or mode of transport (vehicle, conveyance, going)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yāna
yāna - vehicle, conveyance, going, journey
Root: yā (class 2)
Note: Also accusative singular, but nominative makes sense in this list.
अलङ्कारः (alaṅkāraḥ) - items of personal decoration or jewellery (ornament, decoration, embellishment)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of alaṅkāra
alaṅkāra - ornament, decoration, embellishment
Prefix: alam
Root: kṛ (class 8)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
वेश्म (veśma) - a residential dwelling (house, dwelling)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of veśman
veśman - house, dwelling, abode
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: Also accusative singular, but nominative makes sense.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
विप्रस्य (viprasya) - belonging to the brahmin (recipient) (of the brahmin, of the wise, of the inspired)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of vipra
vipra - brahmin, wise, inspired, priest
औद्धारिकम् (auddhārikam) - a specifically designated additional share given to a deserving heir (special share, preferential portion, extra share)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of auddhārika
auddhārika - special share, preferential portion, extra share (often given to the eldest son or most deserving)
Derived from 'uddhāra' (taking out, selection) with suffix '-ika'.
Note: Also accusative singular, but nominative makes sense here as the object of 'deyam'.
देयम् (deyam) - should be given (to be given, payable, due)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of deya
deya - to be given, payable, due
Gerundive
Derived from root 'dā' (to give) with suffix '-ya'.
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Gerundive form, agrees with 'auddhārikam' and 'ekāṃśaḥ'.
एकांशः (ekāṁśaḥ) - one principal share (one share, a single portion)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ekāṃśa
ekāṁśa - one share, a single portion
Compound of eka (one) and aṃśa (share).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (eka+aṃśa)
- eka – one, single, alone
numeral - aṃśa – share, portion, part, ingredient
noun (masculine)
Root: aṃś (class 1)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
प्रधानतः (pradhānataḥ) - as a primary share, principally (primarily, chiefly, principally)
(indeclinable)
Suffix -tas added to pradhāna (chief, principal).
Note: Modifies 'ekāṃśaḥ' - implying it is a primary share.