मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-283
आपद्गतोऽथ वा वृद्धा गर्भिणी बाल एव वा ।
परिभाषणमर्हन्ति तच्च शोध्यमिति स्थितिः ॥२८३॥
परिभाषणमर्हन्ति तच्च शोध्यमिति स्थितिः ॥२८३॥
283. āpadgato'tha vā vṛddhā garbhiṇī bāla eva vā ,
paribhāṣaṇamarhanti tacca śodhyamiti sthitiḥ.
paribhāṣaṇamarhanti tacca śodhyamiti sthitiḥ.
283.
āpadgataḥ atha vā vṛddhā garbhiṇī bālaḥ eva vā
paribhāṣaṇam arhanti tat ca śodhyam iti sthitiḥ
paribhāṣaṇam arhanti tat ca śodhyam iti sthitiḥ
283.
atha vā āpadgataḥ,
vā vṛddhā,
garbhiṇī,
vā bālaḥ eva,
paribhāṣaṇam arhanti; ca tat śodhyam iti sthitiḥ.
vā vṛddhā,
garbhiṇī,
vā bālaḥ eva,
paribhāṣaṇam arhanti; ca tat śodhyam iti sthitiḥ.
283.
However, one who is in distress, or an old person, a pregnant woman, or a child, deserves only a reprimand; and it is the established rule that such (unclean matter) should be cleaned.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- आपद्गतः (āpadgataḥ) - a person in distress (one who has fallen into distress, distressed, afflicted)
- अथ (atha) - however (then, now, moreover, however)
- वा (vā) - or, either
- वृद्धा (vṛddhā) - an old person (specifically a woman, but generalized in context) (an old woman, aged, grown up)
- गर्भिणी (garbhiṇī) - a pregnant woman
- बालः (bālaḥ) - a child, a young boy, infant
- एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed, precisely)
- वा (vā) - or, either
- परिभाषणम् (paribhāṣaṇam) - a reprimand (reprimand, rebuke, censure, abusive language)
- अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - they deserve, they are worthy of, they ought to
- तत् (tat) - that (unclean matter) (that, such)
- च (ca) - and, also
- शोध्यम् (śodhyam) - should be cleaned (to be cleaned, to be purified, cleanable)
- इति (iti) - thus, this is (the rule) (thus, so, this is)
- स्थितिः (sthitiḥ) - the established rule (state, condition, rule, established fact, custom)
Words meanings and morphology
आपद्गतः (āpadgataḥ) - a person in distress (one who has fallen into distress, distressed, afflicted)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of āpadgata
āpadgata - fallen into distress, afflicted
Compound of āpad (distress) and gata (gone, arrived at).
Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (āpad+gata)
- āpad – distress, calamity, emergency, misfortune
noun (feminine)
From root 'pad' (to go) with prefix 'ā'
Prefix: ā
Root: pad (class 4) - gata – gone, arrived, reached, obtained
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root 'gam' (to go).
Root: gam (class 1)
अथ (atha) - however (then, now, moreover, however)
(indeclinable)
वा (vā) - or, either
(indeclinable)
वृद्धा (vṛddhā) - an old person (specifically a woman, but generalized in context) (an old woman, aged, grown up)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of vṛddha
vṛddha - old, aged, grown up, increased
Past Passive Participle
From root 'vṛdh' (to grow, increase).
Root: vṛdh (class 1)
गर्भिणी (garbhiṇī) - a pregnant woman
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of garbhiṇī
garbhiṇī - a pregnant woman
Feminine form of garbhin (pregnant), derived from garbha (womb, embryo).
बालः (bālaḥ) - a child, a young boy, infant
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bāla
bāla - a child, a young boy, infant
एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed, precisely)
(indeclinable)
वा (vā) - or, either
(indeclinable)
परिभाषणम् (paribhāṣaṇam) - a reprimand (reprimand, rebuke, censure, abusive language)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of paribhāṣaṇa
paribhāṣaṇa - reprimand, rebuke, censure, abusive language
Verbal noun
From root 'bhāṣ' (to speak) with prefix 'pari'.
Prefix: pari
Root: bhāṣ (class 1)
अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - they deserve, they are worthy of, they ought to
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of arh
Present tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person plural
Root 'arh' (to be worthy).
Root: arh (class 1)
तत् (tat) - that (unclean matter) (that, such)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
शोध्यम् (śodhyam) - should be cleaned (to be cleaned, to be purified, cleanable)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śodhya
śodhya - to be cleaned, to be purified, cleanable
Gerundive
From root 'śudh' (to be pure) + 'ya' suffix, meaning 'fit to be purified/cleaned'.
Root: śudh (class 4)
इति (iti) - thus, this is (the rule) (thus, so, this is)
(indeclinable)
स्थितिः (sthitiḥ) - the established rule (state, condition, rule, established fact, custom)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of sthiti
sthiti - state, condition, rule, established fact, custom, standing
From root 'sthā' (to stand, to be).
Root: sthā (class 1)