मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-71
न दत्त्वा कस्य चित कन्यां पुनर्दद्याद विचक्षणः ।
दत्त्वा पुनः प्रयच्छन हि प्राप्नोति पुरुषानृतम ॥७१॥
दत्त्वा पुनः प्रयच्छन हि प्राप्नोति पुरुषानृतम ॥७१॥
71. na dattvā kasya cit kanyāṁ punardadyād vicakṣaṇaḥ ,
dattvā punaḥ prayacchan hi prāpnoti puruṣānṛtam.
dattvā punaḥ prayacchan hi prāpnoti puruṣānṛtam.
71.
na dattvā kasya cit kanyām punar dadyāt vicakṣaṇaḥ
dattvā punaḥ prayacchan hi prāpnoti puruṣānṛtam
dattvā punaḥ prayacchan hi prāpnoti puruṣānṛtam
71.
vicakṣaṇaḥ kasya cit kanyām dattvā punaḥ na dadyāt;
hi dattvā punaḥ prayacchan puruṣānṛtam prāpnoti
hi dattvā punaḥ prayacchan puruṣānṛtam prāpnoti
71.
A discerning person, having once given a maiden to someone, should not give her again. For, one who gives her away and then gives her again indeed incurs the sin of a great falsehood.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given (the maiden) (having given)
- कस्य (kasya) - to anyone (of whom, to whom (genitive singular))
- चित् (cit) - used with kasya to mean 'anyone' (particle used to make an indefinite pronoun (e.g., 'any', 'some'))
- कन्याम् (kanyām) - a maiden (for marriage) (a maiden, a daughter (accusative singular))
- पुनर् (punar) - again (again, anew, back)
- दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give (her) (one should give)
- विचक्षणः (vicakṣaṇaḥ) - a wise person (discerning, wise, clever (nominative singular masculine))
- दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given (the maiden, as a condition) (having given)
- पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew, back)
- प्रयच्छन् (prayacchan) - one who is giving (her) (again) (giving, offering (present active participle, nominative singular masculine))
- हि (hi) - indeed, for (indeed, for, because)
- प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - incurs (sin) (obtains, reaches, incurs)
- पुरुषानृतम् (puruṣānṛtam) - a great falsehood (a severe lie, grave sin) (a great falsehood, a lie concerning men (accusative singular neuter))
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given (the maiden) (having given)
(indeclinable)
absolutive (gerund)
Formed from root dā + suffix tvā
Root: dā (class 3)
कस्य (kasya) - to anyone (of whom, to whom (genitive singular))
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of kim
kim - who, what, which
Note: Used here in a generic sense with cit.
चित् (cit) - used with kasya to mean 'anyone' (particle used to make an indefinite pronoun (e.g., 'any', 'some'))
(indeclinable)
कन्याम् (kanyām) - a maiden (for marriage) (a maiden, a daughter (accusative singular))
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of kanyā
kanyā - a maiden, a girl, a daughter, a virgin
पुनर् (punar) - again (again, anew, back)
(indeclinable)
दद्यात् (dadyāt) - one should give (her) (one should give)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of dā
optative mood, parasmaipada
3rd person singular, optative, active voice
Root: dā (class 3)
विचक्षणः (vicakṣaṇaḥ) - a wise person (discerning, wise, clever (nominative singular masculine))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vicakṣaṇa
vicakṣaṇa - discerning, wise, clever, intelligent
From vi + root cakṣ (to see, perceive)
Prefix: vi
Root: cakṣ (class 2)
दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given (the maiden, as a condition) (having given)
(indeclinable)
absolutive (gerund)
Formed from root dā + suffix tvā
Root: dā (class 3)
पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, anew, back)
(indeclinable)
प्रयच्छन् (prayacchan) - one who is giving (her) (again) (giving, offering (present active participle, nominative singular masculine))
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prayacchant
prayacchant - giving, offering, bestowing
present active participle
From pra + root yam (to give, offer), strengthened yacch
Prefix: pra
Root: yam (class 1)
हि (hi) - indeed, for (indeed, for, because)
(indeclinable)
प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - incurs (sin) (obtains, reaches, incurs)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prāp
present tense, parasmaipada
3rd person singular, present indicative, active voice
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
पुरुषानृतम् (puruṣānṛtam) - a great falsehood (a severe lie, grave sin) (a great falsehood, a lie concerning men (accusative singular neuter))
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of puruṣānṛta
puruṣānṛta - a great falsehood, a lie concerning a person/men
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+anṛta)
- puruṣa – man, person, human being, supreme being (puruṣa)
noun (masculine) - anṛta – falsehood, lie, untruth
noun (neuter)
a (not) + ṛta (truth, right)
Prefix: a