मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-234
अमात्यः प्राग्विवाको वा यत कुर्युः कार्यमन्यथा ??।
तत स्वयं नृपतिः कुर्यात तान सहस्रं च दण्डयेत ॥२३४॥
तत स्वयं नृपतिः कुर्यात तान सहस्रं च दण्डयेत ॥२३४॥
234. amātyaḥ prāgvivāko vā yat kuryuḥ kāryamanyathā ??,
tat svayaṁ nṛpatiḥ kuryāt tān sahasraṁ ca daṇḍayet.
tat svayaṁ nṛpatiḥ kuryāt tān sahasraṁ ca daṇḍayet.
234.
amātyaḥ prāgvākāḥ vā yat kuryuḥ kāryam anyathā
tataḥ svayam nṛpatiḥ kuryāt tān sahasram ca daṇḍayet
tataḥ svayam nṛpatiḥ kuryāt tān sahasram ca daṇḍayet
234.
yat amātyaḥ vā prāgvākāḥ kāryam anyathā kuryuḥ
tataḥ nṛpatiḥ svayam kuryāt tān sahasram ca daṇḍayet
tataḥ nṛpatiḥ svayam kuryāt tān sahasram ca daṇḍayet
234.
If a minister or a judge (prāgvākāḥ) performs a task improperly, then the king himself should carry it out and fine them a thousand [coins].
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अमात्यः (amātyaḥ) - a royal minister (minister, counselor, companion)
- प्राग्वाकाः (prāgvākāḥ) - a judge or arbiter in legal matters (judge, chief justice, one who speaks first)
- वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)
- यत् (yat) - if (if, that which, because)
- कुर्युः (kuryuḥ) - they perform (they should do, perform, make)
- कार्यम् (kāryam) - a task or duty (a task, duty, business, to be done)
- अन्यथा (anyathā) - improperly, wrongly (otherwise, differently, improperly)
- ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)
- स्वयम् (svayam) - personally, by himself (oneself, personally, by oneself)
- नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - the king (king, ruler)
- कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should carry out (he should do, perform, make)
- तान् (tān) - them (ministers and judges) (them, those)
- सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand (coins or units of fine) (a thousand, a large number)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- दण्डयेत् (daṇḍayet) - should fine (he should punish, fine)
Words meanings and morphology
अमात्यः (amātyaḥ) - a royal minister (minister, counselor, companion)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of amātya
amātya - minister, counselor, companion, friend, a relative
From `amā` (at home, together) + suffix `tya`.
प्राग्वाकाः (prāgvākāḥ) - a judge or arbiter in legal matters (judge, chief justice, one who speaks first)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prāgvāk
prāgvāk - judge, chief justice, arbiter
Compound of `prāk` (before) and `vāc` (speaker).
Compound type : tatpurusha (prāk+vāc)
- prāk – before, eastern, former
indeclinable - vāc – speech, voice
noun (feminine)
Root: vac (class 2)
वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)
(indeclinable)
यत् (yat) - if (if, that which, because)
(indeclinable)
From pronoun `yad` used as a conjunction.
कुर्युः (kuryuḥ) - they perform (they should do, perform, make)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ
Root `kṛ`, 8th class, `tanādi` group.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
कार्यम् (kāryam) - a task or duty (a task, duty, business, to be done)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kārya
kārya - to be done, proper to be done, duty, business, action, effect
Gerundive
From root `kṛ` (to do) with suffix `ṇyat` or `yat`.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
अन्यथा (anyathā) - improperly, wrongly (otherwise, differently, improperly)
(indeclinable)
From `anya` (other) + suffix `thā`.
ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that)
(indeclinable)
From pronoun `tad` with ablative suffix `tas`.
स्वयम् (svayam) - personally, by himself (oneself, personally, by oneself)
(indeclinable)
Adverbial use of `sva` (self).
नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - the king (king, ruler)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati
nṛpati - lord of men, king, ruler
Compound of `nṛ` (man) and `pati` (lord).
Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pati)
- nṛ – man, human being
noun (masculine) - pati – lord, master, husband, owner
noun (masculine)
कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should carry out (he should do, perform, make)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ
Root `kṛ`, 8th class, `tanādi` group.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
तान् (tān) - them (ministers and judges) (them, those)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Masculine accusative plural of the pronoun `tad`.
सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand (coins or units of fine) (a thousand, a large number)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sahasra
sahasra - a thousand, a myriad, an infinite number
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
दण्डयेत् (daṇḍayet) - should fine (he should punish, fine)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of daṇḍ
Root `daṇḍ`, 10th class.
Root: daṇḍ (class 10)