मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-25
एषोदिता लोकयात्रा नित्यं स्त्रीपुंसयोः शुभा ।
प्रेत्यैह च सुखोदर्कान प्रजाधर्मान्निबोधत ॥२५॥
प्रेत्यैह च सुखोदर्कान प्रजाधर्मान्निबोधत ॥२५॥
25. eṣoditā lokayātrā nityaṁ strīpuṁsayoḥ śubhā ,
pretyaiha ca sukhodarkān prajādharmānnibodhata.
pretyaiha ca sukhodarkān prajādharmānnibodhata.
25.
eṣā uditā lokayātrā nityam strīpuṃsayoḥ śubhā
pretya iha ca sukhodarkān prajādharman nibodhata
pretya iha ca sukhodarkān prajādharman nibodhata
25.
eṣā nityam śubhā strīpuṃsayoḥ lokayātrā uditā.
iha ca pretya sukhodarkān prajādharman nibodhata
iha ca pretya sukhodarkān prajādharman nibodhata
25.
This auspicious course of worldly conduct for women and men has been declared. Now, understand the family principles (prajā-dharma) that lead to happiness both in this life and the next.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एषा (eṣā) - this
- उदिता (uditā) - has been declared (declared, arisen, spoken)
- लोकयात्रा (lokayātrā) - worldly conduct, way of the world
- नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always
- स्त्रीपुंसयोः (strīpuṁsayoḥ) - of women and men
- शुभा (śubhā) - auspicious, good
- प्रेत्य (pretya) - hereafter, after death
- इह (iha) - here, in this world
- च (ca) - and
- सुखोदर्कान् (sukhodarkān) - leading to happiness, having happiness as a consequence
- प्रजाधर्मन् (prajādharman) - family principles, duties concerning progeny (dharma)
- निबोधत (nibodhata) - understand, learn, know
Words meanings and morphology
एषा (eṣā) - this
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of etad
etad - this, these
उदिता (uditā) - has been declared (declared, arisen, spoken)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of udita
udita - risen, appeared, declared, spoken
Past Passive Participle
Formed from prefix ud + root i (or vad) + suffix kta
Prefix: ud
Root: i (class 2)
लोकयात्रा (lokayātrā) - worldly conduct, way of the world
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of lokayātrā
lokayātrā - worldly affairs, course of the world, livelihood, popular usage
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (loka+yātrā)
- loka – world, people, community
noun (masculine) - yātrā – journey, procession, course, conduct, custom
noun (feminine)
Root: yā (class 2)
नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always
(indeclinable)
स्त्रीपुंसयोः (strīpuṁsayoḥ) - of women and men
(noun)
Genitive, dual of strīpuṃsa
strīpuṁsa - women and men, male and female
Compound type : Dvandva (strī+puṃs)
- strī – woman, female
noun (feminine) - puṃs – man, male, person
noun (masculine)
शुभा (śubhā) - auspicious, good
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of śubha
śubha - bright, splendid, good, auspicious, beautiful
प्रेत्य (pretya) - hereafter, after death
(indeclinable)
Absolutive
Formed from prefix pra + root i + suffix ya
Prefix: pra
Root: i (class 2)
इह (iha) - here, in this world
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
सुखोदर्कान् (sukhodarkān) - leading to happiness, having happiness as a consequence
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sukhodarka
sukhodarka - having a happy ending/result/consequence
Compound type : Bahuvrihi (sukha+udarka)
- sukha – happiness, joy, pleasure
noun (neuter) - udarka – consequence, result, future
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ud
Root: ṛc (class 1)
प्रजाधर्मन् (prajādharman) - family principles, duties concerning progeny (dharma)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of prajādharma
prajādharma - family law/duty, duties relating to progeny
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (prajā+dharma)
- prajā – progeny, offspring, people, subjects
noun (feminine)
Prefix: pra
Root: jan (class 4) - dharma – duty, righteousness, law, virtue, innate constitution
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
निबोधत (nibodhata) - understand, learn, know
(verb)
2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of ni-budh
Imperative mood, 2nd person plural, active voice
Prefix: ni
Root: budh (class 1)