मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-16
एवं स्वभावं ज्ञात्वाऽसां प्रजापतिनिसर्गजम ।
परमं यत्नमातिष्ठेत पुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥१६॥
परमं यत्नमातिष्ठेत पुरुषो रक्षणं प्रति ॥१६॥
16. evaṁ svabhāvaṁ jñātvā'sāṁ prajāpatinisargajam ,
paramaṁ yatnamātiṣṭhet puruṣo rakṣaṇaṁ prati.
paramaṁ yatnamātiṣṭhet puruṣo rakṣaṇaṁ prati.
16.
evam svabhāvam jñātvā āsām prajāpatinisargajam
paramam yatnam ātiṣṭheta puruṣaḥ rakṣaṇam prati
paramam yatnam ātiṣṭheta puruṣaḥ rakṣaṇam prati
16.
puruṣaḥ evam āsām prajāpatinisargajam svabhāvam
jñātvā rakṣaṇam prati paramam yatnam ātiṣṭheta
jñātvā rakṣaṇam prati paramam yatnam ātiṣṭheta
16.
A man (puruṣa), having thus understood the essential nature (svabhāva) of these women, which originates from the creation by Prajāpati, should exert the utmost effort concerning their protection.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way
- स्वभावम् (svabhāvam) - (their) essential nature (svabhāva) (nature, intrinsic quality, essential nature)
- ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood
- आसाम् (āsām) - (of these women) (of these (feminine plural))
- प्रजापतिनिसर्गजम् (prajāpatinisargajam) - born from the creation of Prajāpati
- परमम् (paramam) - utmost, supreme, highest
- यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion
- आतिष्ठेत (ātiṣṭheta) - one should undertake, one should apply
- पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a man (puruṣa) (a man, a person, the cosmic person)
- रक्षणम् (rakṣaṇam) - protection, guarding
- प्रति (prati) - towards, concerning, regarding
Words meanings and morphology
एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way
(indeclinable)
स्वभावम् (svabhāvam) - (their) essential nature (svabhāva) (nature, intrinsic quality, essential nature)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of svabhāva
svabhāva - one's own nature, intrinsic nature, essential nature (dharma)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+bhāva)
- sva – one's own
pronoun - bhāva – state of being, nature, disposition
noun (masculine)
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Refers to the svabhāva of women mentioned in the previous verse.
ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Derived from √jñā with -tvā suffix
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Expresses a prior action.
आसाम् (āsām) - (of these women) (of these (feminine plural))
(pronoun)
Genitive, feminine, plural of idam
idam - this, these
प्रजापतिनिसर्गजम् (prajāpatinisargajam) - born from the creation of Prajāpati
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of prajāpatinisargaja
prajāpatinisargaja - born from the creation of Prajāpati
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prajāpati+nisarga+ja)
- prajāpati – lord of creatures, a creator god (Brahma)
proper noun (masculine) - nisarga – creation, natural disposition, emission
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ni
Root: sṛj (class 6) - ja – born, produced from
suffix/adjective (masculine)
Derived from √jan with suffix -a
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Modifies svabhāvam.
परमम् (paramam) - utmost, supreme, highest
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of parama
parama - highest, supreme, utmost, excellent
Note: Modifies yatnam.
यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna
yatna - effort, exertion, attempt
Root: yat (class 1)
Note: Object of ātiṣṭheta.
आतिष्ठेत (ātiṣṭheta) - one should undertake, one should apply
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of āsthā
Optative mood, Parasmaipada
Prefix: ā
Root: sthā (class 1)
पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a man (puruṣa) (a man, a person, the cosmic person)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, male, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
Note: Subject of ātiṣṭheta.
रक्षणम् (rakṣaṇam) - protection, guarding
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of rakṣaṇa
rakṣaṇa - protecting, guarding, preservation
action noun
Derived from √rakṣ with suffix -ana
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
Note: Object of the preposition prati.
प्रति (prati) - towards, concerning, regarding
(indeclinable)