मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-208
अनुपघ्नन पितृद्रव्यं श्रमेण यदुपार्जितम ।
स्वयमीहितलब्धं तन्नाकामो दातुमर्हति ॥२०८॥
स्वयमीहितलब्धं तन्नाकामो दातुमर्हति ॥२०८॥
208. anupaghnan pitṛdravyaṁ śrameṇa yadupārjitam ,
svayamīhitalabdhaṁ tannākāmo dātumarhati.
svayamīhitalabdhaṁ tannākāmo dātumarhati.
208.
anupaghnan pitṛdravyam śrameṇa yat upārjitam
svayamīhitalabdham tat na akāmaḥ dātum arhati
svayamīhitalabdham tat na akāmaḥ dātum arhati
208.
One should not be compelled to give away unwillingly that wealth which has been acquired by one's own effort, without diminishing the ancestral property, and obtained through one's personal exertion.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अनुपघ्नन् (anupaghnan) - without diminishing (not harming, not destroying, not infringing upon)
- पितृद्रव्यम् (pitṛdravyam) - ancestral property (ancestral property, father's wealth)
- श्रमेण (śrameṇa) - by one's own effort (by effort, by labor)
- यत् (yat) - whatever (wealth) (which, what (relative pronoun))
- उपार्जितम् (upārjitam) - is acquired (acquired, earned)
- स्वयमीहितलब्धम् (svayamīhitalabdham) - obtained through one's personal exertion (obtained by one's own exertion/desire)
- तत् (tat) - that (wealth) (that, it (demonstrative pronoun))
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- अकामः (akāmaḥ) - unwillingly (as an adjective modifying the implied subject of arhati) (unwilling, reluctant, not desiring)
- दातुम् (dātum) - to give away (to give)
- अर्हति (arhati) - should (be compelled) (is able, deserves, ought, should)
Words meanings and morphology
अनुपघ्नन् (anupaghnan) - without diminishing (not harming, not destroying, not infringing upon)
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anupaghnant
anupaghnant - not harming, not destroying, not infringing upon
Present Active Participle
From root han (to strike, kill, destroy) with upasargas anu- + upa- and negative prefix a-
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+upaghnant)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - upaghnant – harming, destroying
participle (masculine)
Present Active Particple
From root han with upasargas upa- + anu-
Prefixes: anu+upa
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Refers to the implied subject of arhati.
पितृद्रव्यम् (pitṛdravyam) - ancestral property (ancestral property, father's wealth)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of pitṛdravya
pitṛdravya - father's property, ancestral property
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+dravya)
- pitṛ – father, ancestor
noun (masculine) - dravya – substance, wealth, property
noun (neuter)
Root: dru (class 1)
Note: Object of the participle anupaghnan.
श्रमेण (śrameṇa) - by one's own effort (by effort, by labor)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of śrama
śrama - effort, labor, toil
Root: śram (class 4)
Note: Denotes the means of acquisition.
यत् (yat) - whatever (wealth) (which, what (relative pronoun))
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that
Note: Refers to the wealth (dhana implied).
उपार्जितम् (upārjitam) - is acquired (acquired, earned)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of upārjita
upārjita - acquired, earned, collected
Past Passive Participle
From root ṛj (to procure, earn) with upasarga upa-
Prefix: upa
Root: ṛj (class 1)
Note: Qualifies yat (the wealth).
स्वयमीहितलब्धम् (svayamīhitalabdham) - obtained through one's personal exertion (obtained by one's own exertion/desire)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of svayamīhitalabdha
svayamīhitalabdha - obtained by one's own exertion/desire
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svayam+īhitalabdha)
- svayam – oneself, personally
indeclinable - īhitalabdha – gained by exertion
adjective (neuter) - īhita – desired, strived for, exerted
participle (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root īh (to desire, strive)
Root: īh (class 1) - labdha – obtained, gained
participle (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root labh (to obtain)
Root: labh (class 1)
Note: Qualifies yat (the wealth).
तत् (tat) - that (wealth) (that, it (demonstrative pronoun))
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, it
Note: Correlate of yat.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
अकामः (akāmaḥ) - unwillingly (as an adjective modifying the implied subject of arhati) (unwilling, reluctant, not desiring)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of akāma
akāma - unwilling, reluctant, not desiring, against one's will
From kāma (desire) with negative prefix a-
Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+kāma)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - kāma – desire, wish
noun (masculine)
Root: kam (class 1)
Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'one' (person).
दातुम् (dātum) - to give away (to give)
(indeclinable)
Infinitive
From root dā (to give), kṛt suffix -tum
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Used with arhati.
अर्हति (arhati) - should (be compelled) (is able, deserves, ought, should)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh
root of class 1
Root: arh (class 1)