मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-223
अप्राणिभिर्यत क्रियते तत्लोके द्यूतमुच्यते ।
प्राणिभिः क्रियते यस्तु स विज्ञेयः समाह्वयः ॥२२३॥
प्राणिभिः क्रियते यस्तु स विज्ञेयः समाह्वयः ॥२२३॥
223. aprāṇibhiryat kriyate tatloke dyūtamucyate ,
prāṇibhiḥ kriyate yastu sa vijñeyaḥ samāhvayaḥ.
prāṇibhiḥ kriyate yastu sa vijñeyaḥ samāhvayaḥ.
223.
aprāṇibhiḥ yat kriyate tat loke dyūtam ucyate
prāṇibhiḥ kriyate yaḥ tu saḥ vijñeyaḥ samāhvayaḥ
prāṇibhiḥ kriyate yaḥ tu saḥ vijñeyaḥ samāhvayaḥ
223.
यत अप्राणिभिः क्रियते तत् लोके द्यूतम् उच्यते;
यः तु प्राणिभिः क्रियते सः समाह्वयः विज्ञेयः
यः तु प्राणिभिः क्रियते सः समाह्वयः विज्ञेयः
223.
That which is performed with non-living objects is called gambling (dyūta) in this world. But that which is performed with living creatures should be understood as challenging (samāhvaya).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अप्राणिभिः (aprāṇibhiḥ) - by non-living objects (like dice) (by non-living things, by inanimate objects)
- यत् (yat) - that which (activity) (which, what (relative pronoun))
- क्रियते (kriyate) - is performed (is done, is performed, is made)
- तत् (tat) - that (activity) (that, that one)
- लोके (loke) - in this world, among people (in the world, among people)
- द्यूतम् (dyūtam) - gambling (with inanimate objects) (gambling, playing with dice)
- उच्यते (ucyate) - is called (is said, is called, is spoken of)
- प्राणिभिः (prāṇibhiḥ) - by living creatures (like cocks or rams) (by living beings, by animate creatures)
- क्रियते (kriyate) - is performed (is done, is performed)
- यः (yaḥ) - that which (activity) (who, which (relative pronoun))
- तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)
- सः (saḥ) - that (activity) (that, he)
- विज्ञेयः (vijñeyaḥ) - should be known/understood (to be known, to be understood)
- समाह्वयः (samāhvayaḥ) - challenging (with living creatures) (challenge, wager, game with living things)
Words meanings and morphology
अप्राणिभिः (aprāṇibhiḥ) - by non-living objects (like dice) (by non-living things, by inanimate objects)
(adjective)
Instrumental, plural of aprāṇin
aprāṇin - non-living, inanimate
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+prāṇin)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable - prāṇin – living being, animate
noun (masculine)
from prāṇa + in
Note: Modifies an implied 'objects' or refers to agents.
यत् (yat) - that which (activity) (which, what (relative pronoun))
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, that, what
Note: Refers to the unnamed activity.
क्रियते (kriyate) - is performed (is done, is performed, is made)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Passive construction.
तत् (tat) - that (activity) (that, that one)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Correlative to yat.
लोके (loke) - in this world, among people (in the world, among people)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of loka
loka - world, people, folk
Note: Specifies the domain of the statement.
द्यूतम् (dyūtam) - gambling (with inanimate objects) (gambling, playing with dice)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of dyūta
dyūta - gambling, game of dice, play
from div + kta
Root: div (class 4)
Note: Predicate nominative.
उच्यते (ucyate) - is called (is said, is called, is spoken of)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Passive verb.
प्राणिभिः (prāṇibhiḥ) - by living creatures (like cocks or rams) (by living beings, by animate creatures)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of prāṇin
prāṇin - living being, animate, possessing breath
from prāṇa + in
Note: Agent in passive construction.
क्रियते (kriyate) - is performed (is done, is performed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Passive verb.
यः (yaḥ) - that which (activity) (who, which (relative pronoun))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
Note: Refers to the unnamed activity, agreeing with samāhvayaḥ.
तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction indicating contrast.
सः (saḥ) - that (activity) (that, he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Correlative to yaḥ.
विज्ञेयः (vijñeyaḥ) - should be known/understood (to be known, to be understood)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vijñeya
vijñeya - to be known, knowable, intelligible, should be known
gerundive
from vi-jñā + ṇyat
Prefix: vi
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Predicate adjective.
समाह्वयः (samāhvayaḥ) - challenging (with living creatures) (challenge, wager, game with living things)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of samāhvaya
samāhvaya - challenge, wager, a game involving living creatures (like cock-fighting)
action noun
from sam-ā-hvā + ghAÑ
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: hvā (class 1)
Note: Predicate nominative.