मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-320
क्षत्रस्यातिप्रवृद्धस्य ब्राह्मणान प्रति सर्वशः ।
ब्रह्मैव संनियन्तृ स्यात क्षत्रं हि ब्रह्मसंभवम ॥३२०॥
ब्रह्मैव संनियन्तृ स्यात क्षत्रं हि ब्रह्मसंभवम ॥३२०॥
320. kṣatrasyātipravṛddhasya brāhmaṇān prati sarvaśaḥ ,
brahmaiva saṁniyantṛ syāt kṣatraṁ hi brahmasaṁbhavam.
brahmaiva saṁniyantṛ syāt kṣatraṁ hi brahmasaṁbhavam.
320.
kṣatrasya atipravṛddhasya brāhmaṇān prati sarvaśaḥ
brahma eva saṃniyantṛ syāt kṣatram hi brahmasaṃbhavam
brahma eva saṃniyantṛ syāt kṣatram hi brahmasaṃbhavam
320.
क्षत्रस्य अतिप्रवृद्धस्य (सतः) ब्राह्मणान् प्रति सर्वशः
(तदा) ब्रह्म एव संनियन्तृ स्यात् हि क्षत्रम् ब्रह्मसंभवम्
(तदा) ब्रह्म एव संनियन्तृ स्यात् हि क्षत्रम् ब्रह्मसंभवम्
320.
When the power of the kṣatriya (warrior class) becomes excessively overbearing towards the Brahmins in all respects, then the (brahman) (sacred knowledge or the Brahmin class) alone should be the controller, for the kṣatriya (kṣatra) power is indeed born from (brahman).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- क्षत्रस्य (kṣatrasya) - of the kṣatriya (warrior class) (of the kṣatriya (warrior class), of royalty, of power)
- अतिप्रवृद्धस्य (atipravṛddhasya) - of the excessively overbearing (of the excessively grown, of the greatly increased, of the very powerful)
- ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - towards the Brahmins (towards Brahmins)
- प्रति (prati) - towards (towards, against, concerning, in every)
- सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - in all respects (in every way, entirely, totally)
- ब्रह्म (brahma) - (brahman) (sacred knowledge or the Brahmin class) (Brahmin, sacred knowledge, ultimate reality)
- एव (eva) - alone (indeed, certainly, alone, only)
- संनियन्तृ (saṁniyantṛ) - controller (controller, regulator, restrainer)
- स्यात् (syāt) - should be (should be, may be, would be)
- क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the kṣatriya (kṣatra) power (kṣatriya power, warrior class, dominion)
- हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)
- ब्रह्मसंभवम् (brahmasaṁbhavam) - born from (brahman) (born from Brahman/Brahmins, originated from sacred knowledge)
Words meanings and morphology
क्षत्रस्य (kṣatrasya) - of the kṣatriya (warrior class) (of the kṣatriya (warrior class), of royalty, of power)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of kṣatra
kṣatra - dominion, power, rule, the warrior class
from root 'kṣi' (to rule, possess)
Root: kṣi (class 5)
अतिप्रवृद्धस्य (atipravṛddhasya) - of the excessively overbearing (of the excessively grown, of the greatly increased, of the very powerful)
(participle)
Genitive, neuter, singular of atipravṛddha
atipravṛddha - excessively grown, greatly increased, very powerful, overgrown
Past Passive Participle (compound)
'ati' (excessively) + 'pra' (forth) + 'vṛddha' (grown), from root 'vṛdh' (to grow)
Compound type : pra-ādi tatpuruṣa (ati+pra+vṛddha)
- ati – excessive, over, beyond
indeclinable
prefix intensifying the meaning - pra – forward, onward, very
indeclinable
verbal prefix - vṛddha – grown, increased, old, powerful
participle
Past Passive Participle
from root 'vṛdh' (to grow, increase)
Root: vṛdh (class 1)
Note: Functions adjectivally.
ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - towards the Brahmins (towards Brahmins)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, member of the priestly class
from 'brahman'
Note: Governed by 'prati'.
प्रति (prati) - towards (towards, against, concerning, in every)
(indeclinable)
preposition governing accusative case
सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - in all respects (in every way, entirely, totally)
(indeclinable)
from 'sarva' (all) + 'śas' suffix
ब्रह्म (brahma) - (brahman) (sacred knowledge or the Brahmin class) (Brahmin, sacred knowledge, ultimate reality)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman
brahman - sacred power, sacred knowledge, prayer, a Brahmin, ultimate reality (neuter)
can be masculine (a Brahmin) or neuter (sacred knowledge, ultimate reality). Here used in masculine nominative singular, referring to the Brahmin.
Root: bṛh (class 1)
Note: Here, interpreted as the Brahmin or the sacred authority he represents.
एव (eva) - alone (indeed, certainly, alone, only)
(indeclinable)
Used for emphasis or exclusivity.
संनियन्तृ (saṁniyantṛ) - controller (controller, regulator, restrainer)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃniyantṛ
saṁniyantṛ - controller, regulator, restrainer, governor
agent noun
from 'sam' + 'ni' + root 'yam' (to restrain, control)
Prefixes: sam+ni
Root: yam (class 1)
स्यात् (syāt) - should be (should be, may be, would be)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as
optative active
from root 'as' (to be)
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Expresses potentiality or injunction.
क्षत्रम् (kṣatram) - the kṣatriya (kṣatra) power (kṣatriya power, warrior class, dominion)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣatra
kṣatra - dominion, power, rule, the warrior class
from root 'kṣi' (to rule, possess)
Root: kṣi (class 5)
हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)
(indeclinable)
particle used for emphasis or causal relation
ब्रह्मसंभवम् (brahmasaṁbhavam) - born from (brahman) (born from Brahman/Brahmins, originated from sacred knowledge)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of brahmasaṃbhava
brahmasaṁbhava - born from Brahman, originated from sacred knowledge or Brahmins
Compound of 'brahman' + 'saṃbhava' (born from)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+saṃbhava)
- brahman – sacred power, sacred knowledge, prayer, a Brahmin, ultimate reality
noun (masculine/neuter)
Root: bṛh (class 1) - saṃbhava – birth, origin, production, born from
noun (masculine)
from 'sam' + root 'bhū' (to be, become)
Prefix: sam
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Refers to the origin of kṣatra.