मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-12
अरक्षिता गृहे रुद्धाः पुरुषैराप्तकारिभिः ।
आत्मानमात्मना यास्तु रक्षेयुस्ताः सुरक्षिताः ॥१२॥
आत्मानमात्मना यास्तु रक्षेयुस्ताः सुरक्षिताः ॥१२॥
12. arakṣitā gṛhe ruddhāḥ puruṣairāptakāribhiḥ ,
ātmānamātmanā yāstu rakṣeyustāḥ surakṣitāḥ.
ātmānamātmanā yāstu rakṣeyustāḥ surakṣitāḥ.
12.
arakṣitā gṛhe ruddhāḥ puruṣaiḥ āptakāribhiḥ
ātmānam ātmanā yāḥ tu rakṣeyuḥ tāḥ surakṣitāḥ
ātmānam ātmanā yāḥ tu rakṣeyuḥ tāḥ surakṣitāḥ
12.
gṛhe ruddhāḥ āptakāribhiḥ puruṣaiḥ arakṣitāḥ tu yāḥ ātmānam ātmanā rakṣeyuḥ,
tāḥ surakṣitāḥ
tāḥ surakṣitāḥ
12.
Those women who are kept confined in the home by trustworthy men are still unprotected. However, those who protect themselves by their own (ātman) inner strength are truly well-protected.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अरक्षिता (arakṣitā) - unprotected (unprotected, not guarded)
- गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house/home (in the house, at home)
- रुद्धाः (ruddhāḥ) - confined/imprisoned (confined, obstructed, stopped)
- पुरुषैः (puruṣaiḥ) - by men (by men, by persons)
- आप्तकारिभिः (āptakāribhiḥ) - by trustworthy/reliable men (by trustworthy doers, by faithful agents, by reliable people)
- आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself (oneself, the self, the (ātman))
- आत्मना (ātmanā) - by oneself/by their own (ātman) inner strength (by oneself, by the self, by the (ātman))
- याः (yāḥ) - those (women) who (who, which (feminine plural nominative))
- तु (tu) - however (but, however, on the other hand)
- रक्षेयुः (rakṣeyuḥ) - they should protect (they should protect, they would protect)
- ताः (tāḥ) - those (women) (those, them)
- सुरक्षिताः (surakṣitāḥ) - well-protected (well-protected, thoroughly guarded)
Words meanings and morphology
अरक्षिता (arakṣitā) - unprotected (unprotected, not guarded)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of arakṣita
arakṣita - unprotected, unpreserved
Past Passive Participle (negated)
Compound a- (negation) + rakṣita (protected, from √rakṣ).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+rakṣita)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - rakṣita – protected, guarded
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From √rakṣ (to protect) + kta suffix.
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
Note: Implied feminine plural noun (women) as subject.
गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house/home (in the house, at home)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of gṛha
gṛha - house, home, dwelling
रुद्धाः (ruddhāḥ) - confined/imprisoned (confined, obstructed, stopped)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of ruddha
ruddha - confined, obstructed, stopped, held back
Past Passive Participle
From √rudh (to obstruct, confine) + kta suffix.
Root: rudh (class 7)
Note: Null verb form, implying 'are'.
पुरुषैः (puruṣaiḥ) - by men (by men, by persons)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of puruṣa
puruṣa - man, person, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa)
आप्तकारिभिः (āptakāribhiḥ) - by trustworthy/reliable men (by trustworthy doers, by faithful agents, by reliable people)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of āptakārin
āptakārin - trustworthy doer, faithful agent, reliable person
Compound of āpta (obtained, trustworthy) and kārin (doing, making).
Compound type : tatpurusha (āpta+kārin)
- āpta – obtained, reached, trustworthy, reliable, authoritative
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From √āp (to obtain, reach) + kta suffix.
Root: āp (class 5) - kārin – doing, making, causing, agent
adjective (masculine)
Agent Noun
From √kṛ (to do, make) + ṇini suffix.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself (oneself, the self, the (ātman))
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, (ātman)
Note: Used as a reflexive pronoun.
आत्मना (ātmanā) - by oneself/by their own (ātman) inner strength (by oneself, by the self, by the (ātman))
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, (ātman)
Note: Used as a reflexive pronoun.
याः (yāḥ) - those (women) who (who, which (feminine plural nominative))
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of yad
yad - which, who, what
Relative pronoun.
तु (tu) - however (but, however, on the other hand)
(indeclinable)
रक्षेयुः (rakṣeyuḥ) - they should protect (they should protect, they would protect)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of rakṣeyuḥ
Optative mood, active voice, 3rd person plural.
From √rakṣ (to protect).
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
ताः (tāḥ) - those (women) (those, them)
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of tad
tad - that, those, she, they
सुरक्षिताः (surakṣitāḥ) - well-protected (well-protected, thoroughly guarded)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of surakṣita
surakṣita - well-protected, thoroughly guarded
Past Passive Participle (with prefix)
Compound su- (good, well) + rakṣita (protected, from √rakṣ).
Compound type : praadi-samāsa (su+rakṣita)
- su – good, well, easily
indeclinable
Prefix indicating 'good' or 'well'. - rakṣita – protected, guarded
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From √rakṣ (to protect) + kta suffix.
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
Note: Null verb form, implying 'are'.