मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-302
कलिः प्रसुप्तो भवति स जाग्रद द्वापरं युगम ।
कर्मस्वभ्युद्यतस्त्रेता विचरंस्तु कृतं युगम ॥३०२॥
कर्मस्वभ्युद्यतस्त्रेता विचरंस्तु कृतं युगम ॥३०२॥
302. kaliḥ prasupto bhavati sa jāgrad dvāparaṁ yugam ,
karmasvabhyudyatastretā vicaraṁstu kṛtaṁ yugam.
karmasvabhyudyatastretā vicaraṁstu kṛtaṁ yugam.
302.
kaliḥ prasuptaḥ bhavati saḥ jāgrat dvāparam yugam
karma-su abhyudyataḥ tretā vicaran tu kṛtam yugam
karma-su abhyudyataḥ tretā vicaran tu kṛtam yugam
302.
saḥ prasuptaḥ bhavati kaliḥ (yugam)
saḥ jāgrat dvāparam yugam
(saḥ) karma-su abhyudyataḥ tretā
(yugam) tu (saḥ) vicaran kṛtam yugam
saḥ jāgrat dvāparam yugam
(saḥ) karma-su abhyudyataḥ tretā
(yugam) tu (saḥ) vicaran kṛtam yugam
302.
When a ruler is dormant, it becomes the Kali age. When he is awake, he is the Dvāpara age. When he is striving in actions, he is the Tretā age. But when he is active and discerning, he is the Kṛta age.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कलिः (kaliḥ) - the state of the Kali age, or a person (ruler) whose state reflects the Kali age (the Kali age, discord, strife, a die with one spot (bad luck))
- प्रसुप्तः (prasuptaḥ) - dormant or inactive (referring to a ruler) (asleep, dormant, slumbering, inactive)
- भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is considered to be (is, becomes, exists, happens)
- सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the ruler or implied subject) (he, that)
- जाग्रत् (jāgrat) - awake, vigilant (referring to a ruler) (awake, waking, vigilant)
- द्वापरम् (dvāparam) - the Dvāpara age (Dvāpara age, the second throw of dice (two points))
- युगम् (yugam) - age (epoch) (age, epoch, period, yoke, pair)
- कर्म-सु (karma-su) - in actions, in endeavors (in actions, in duties, in rituals)
- अभ्युद्यतः (abhyudyataḥ) - striving (in actions) (striving, undertaking, prepared, rising)
- त्रेता (tretā) - the Tretā age (Tretā age, the throw of dice (three points))
- विचरन् (vicaran) - active and discerning (moving about, wandering, considering, discerning)
- तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet, however)
- कृतम् (kṛtam) - the Kṛta age (Satya Yuga) (Kṛta age, done, made, perfect, good, four (dice))
- युगम् (yugam) - age (epoch) (age, epoch, period, yoke, pair)
Words meanings and morphology
कलिः (kaliḥ) - the state of the Kali age, or a person (ruler) whose state reflects the Kali age (the Kali age, discord, strife, a die with one spot (bad luck))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kali
kali - the Kali age, discord, strife, a die with one spot
प्रसुप्तः (prasuptaḥ) - dormant or inactive (referring to a ruler) (asleep, dormant, slumbering, inactive)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prasupta
prasupta - asleep, dormant, inactive
Past Passive Participle
From root √svap (to sleep) with prefix pra-.
Prefix: pra
Root: √svap (class 2)
Note: Qualifies the implied subject or 'kaliḥ'.
भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is considered to be (is, becomes, exists, happens)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of √bhū
Present active indicative
Root: √bhū (class 1)
सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the ruler or implied subject) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
जाग्रत् (jāgrat) - awake, vigilant (referring to a ruler) (awake, waking, vigilant)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jāgrat
jāgrat - awake, waking, vigilant
Present Active Participle
From root √jāgṛ (to wake).
Root: √jāgṛ (class 2)
द्वापरम् (dvāparam) - the Dvāpara age (Dvāpara age, the second throw of dice (two points))
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of dvāpara
dvāpara - Dvāpara age, the second throw of dice
Note: Predicate noun.
युगम् (yugam) - age (epoch) (age, epoch, period, yoke, pair)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yuga
yuga - age, epoch, yoke, pair
Note: Predicate noun, in apposition to Dvāpara, Tretā, Kṛta.
कर्म-सु (karma-su) - in actions, in endeavors (in actions, in duties, in rituals)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of karma
karma - action, deed, ritual, duty, consequence of actions (karma)
From root √kṛ (to do) + man suffix.
Root: √kṛ (class 8)
अभ्युद्यतः (abhyudyataḥ) - striving (in actions) (striving, undertaking, prepared, rising)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyudyata
abhyudyata - undertaken, prepared, striving, risen
Past Passive Participle
From root √yam (to control, strive) with prefixes abhi and ud.
Prefixes: abhi+ud
Root: √yam (class 1)
त्रेता (tretā) - the Tretā age (Tretā age, the throw of dice (three points))
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tretā
tretā - Tretā age, the throw of dice with three points
Note: Predicate noun. 'yugam' is often implied.
विचरन् (vicaran) - active and discerning (moving about, wandering, considering, discerning)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vicarant
vicarant - moving about, considering, discerning, acting freely
Present Active Participle
From root √car (to move) with prefix vi-.
Prefix: vi
Root: √car (class 1)
तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet, however)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connective particle.
कृतम् (kṛtam) - the Kṛta age (Satya Yuga) (Kṛta age, done, made, perfect, good, four (dice))
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta
kṛta - Kṛta age, done, made, perfect, good, four
From root √kṛ (to do), also refers to the Satya Yuga.
Root: √kṛ (class 8)
Note: Predicate noun, in apposition to 'yugam'.
युगम् (yugam) - age (epoch) (age, epoch, period, yoke, pair)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yuga
yuga - age, epoch, yoke, pair
Note: Predicate noun, in apposition to Dvāpara, Tretā, Kṛta.