मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-270
न होढेन विना चौरं घातयेद धार्मिको नृपः ।
सहोढं सोपकरणं घातयेदविचारयन ॥२७०॥
सहोढं सोपकरणं घातयेदविचारयन ॥२७०॥
270. na hoḍhena vinā cauraṁ ghātayed dhārmiko nṛpaḥ ,
sahoḍhaṁ sopakaraṇaṁ ghātayedavicārayan.
sahoḍhaṁ sopakaraṇaṁ ghātayedavicārayan.
270.
na hoḍhena vinā cauram ghātayet dhārmikaḥ
nṛpaḥ sahoḍham sopakaraṇam ghātayet avicārayan
nṛpaḥ sahoḍham sopakaraṇam ghātayet avicārayan
270.
dhārmikaḥ nṛpaḥ hoḍhena vinā cauram na ghātayet
sahoḍham sopakaraṇam avicārayan ghātayet
sahoḍham sopakaraṇam avicārayan ghātayet
270.
A righteous king should not execute a thief unless the stolen goods are found with him. If a thief is caught with the stolen goods and his instruments, the king should execute him without hesitation.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not, no
- होढेन (hoḍhena) - with stolen goods, with plunder
- विना (vinā) - without, except for
- चौरम् (cauram) - thief, robber
- घातयेत् (ghātayet) - should kill, should cause to be killed, should execute
- धार्मिकः (dhārmikaḥ) - righteous (king) (righteous, virtuous, just)
- नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, ruler
- सहोढम् (sahoḍham) - a thief caught with stolen goods (one with stolen goods, accompanied by stolen property)
- सोपकरणम् (sopakaraṇam) - a thief caught with his tools (with his tools, together with instruments)
- अविचारयन् (avicārayan) - without deliberating, without hesitation, without investigating
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
होढेन (hoḍhena) - with stolen goods, with plunder
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of hoḍha
hoḍha - stolen goods, plunder, booty
विना (vinā) - without, except for
(indeclinable)
चौरम् (cauram) - thief, robber
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of caura
caura - thief, robber
घातयेत् (ghātayet) - should kill, should cause to be killed, should execute
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of han
Optative mood, Active voice, Causative stem
3rd person singular optative active of the causative stem (ghātaya) of root han
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Causative form of √han (to kill)
धार्मिकः (dhārmikaḥ) - righteous (king) (righteous, virtuous, just)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārmika
dhārmika - righteous, virtuous, just, pious, related to dharma
Derived from dharma with -ika suffix
नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, ruler
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa
nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men
From nṛ (man) + pā (to protect)
Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pā)
- nṛ – man, person
noun (masculine) - pā – protector, to protect
root
Root: pā (class 1)
सहोढम् (sahoḍham) - a thief caught with stolen goods (one with stolen goods, accompanied by stolen property)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sahoḍha
sahoḍha - one accompanied by (carrying) stolen property, together with stolen goods
Compound of sa- (with) and hoḍha (stolen goods)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+hoḍha)
- sa – with, together with
indeclinable - hoḍha – stolen goods, plunder
noun (masculine)
Note: Refers to 'cauram' (the thief)
सोपकरणम् (sopakaraṇam) - a thief caught with his tools (with his tools, together with instruments)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of sopakaraṇa
sopakaraṇa - with equipment, along with instruments, furnished with apparatus
Compound of sa- (with) and upakaraṇa (equipment)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+upakaraṇa)
- sa – with, together with
indeclinable - upakaraṇa – instrument, tool, equipment, apparatus
noun (neuter)
Prefix: upa
Note: Refers to 'cauram' (the thief)
अविचारयन् (avicārayan) - without deliberating, without hesitation, without investigating
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of avicārayat
avicārayat - not deliberating, not investigating
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of the causative stem of vi-car (to deliberate, investigate), negated by a-
Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+vicārayat)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - vicārayat – deliberating, investigating
participle (masculine)
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of the causative stem (vicāraya) of root car with upasarga vi
Prefix: vi
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Refers to 'nṛpaḥ' (the king)