मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-138
पुन्नाम्नो नरकाद यस्मात त्रायते पितरं सुतः ।
तस्मात पुत्र इति प्रोक्तः स्वयमेव स्वयंभुवा ॥१३८॥
तस्मात पुत्र इति प्रोक्तः स्वयमेव स्वयंभुवा ॥१३८॥
138. punnāmno narakād yasmāt trāyate pitaraṁ sutaḥ ,
tasmāt putra iti proktaḥ svayameva svayaṁbhuvā.
tasmāt putra iti proktaḥ svayameva svayaṁbhuvā.
138.
punnāmnaḥ narakāt yasmāt trāyate pitaram sutaḥ |
tasmāt putra iti proktaḥ svayam eva svayambhuvā
tasmāt putra iti proktaḥ svayam eva svayambhuvā
138.
yasmāt sutaḥ pitaram punnāmnaḥ narakāt trāyate
tasmāt svayam eva svayambhuvā iti putra proktaḥ
tasmāt svayam eva svayambhuvā iti putra proktaḥ
138.
Because a son (putra) saves his father from a hell named Put, he is therefore declared to be a "son" (putra) by the Self-existent one (svayambhū) himself.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पुन्नाम्नः (punnāmnaḥ) - from a hell named Put
- नरकात् (narakāt) - from hell, from perdition
- यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which, because
- त्रायते (trāyate) - he saves, protects, delivers
- पितरम् (pitaram) - father
- सुतः (sutaḥ) - son
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that
- पुत्र (putra) - son, child
- इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way, (marks direct speech or thought)
- प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - declared, said, proclaimed
- स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself, personally
- एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly
- स्वयम्भुवा (svayambhuvā) - by Lord Brahmā, the creator god (by the Self-existent One (Brahma))
Words meanings and morphology
पुन्नाम्नः (punnāmnaḥ) - from a hell named Put
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of punnāman
punnāman - name of a specific hell
Compound type : tatpurusha (pun+nāman)
- pun – hell; impure; evil
noun (neuter) - nāman – name, appellation, designation
noun (neuter)
Note: The form can be masculine or neuter in ablative singular. Here used adjectivally with Naraka.
नरकात् (narakāt) - from hell, from perdition
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of naraka
naraka - hell, purgatory, infernal region, a place of torment
यस्मात् (yasmāt) - from which, because
(pronoun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)
Note: Used here adverbially to mean 'because' or 'for the reason that'.
त्रायते (trāyate) - he saves, protects, delivers
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of trā
present
root class 2, ātmanepada, present indicative
Root: trā (class 2)
पितरम् (pitaram) - father
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
सुतः (sutaḥ) - son
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of suta
suta - son, child, born
Past Passive Participle
From root 'sū' (to give birth), often used as a noun.
Root: sū (class 2)
Note: Subject of 'trāyate'.
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that
(pronoun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, this, it (demonstrative pronoun)
Note: Used adverbially to indicate 'therefore' or 'for that reason'.
पुत्र (putra) - son, child
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of putra
putra - son, child, boy
Note: Used here as the word being defined, not a grammatical part of the sentence itself but referred to by 'iti'.
इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way, (marks direct speech or thought)
(indeclinable)
प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - declared, said, proclaimed
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prokta
prokta - said, declared, proclaimed, spoken
Past Passive Participle
From the root 'vac' (to speak) with the prefix 'pra'.
Prefix: pra
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Agrees with the implied subject, 'he' (referring to the word 'putra').
स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself, personally
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly
(indeclinable)
स्वयम्भुवा (svayambhuvā) - by Lord Brahmā, the creator god (by the Self-existent One (Brahma))
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of svayambhū
svayambhū - the self-existent, self-born, one who exists by himself; a name of Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Śiva, Manu
Compound type : bahuvrihi (svayam+bhū)
- svayam – self, own, by oneself
pronoun - bhū – to be, become, exist, happen
noun (masculine)
From root 'bhū' (to be)
Root: bhū (class 1)