मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-304
वार्षिकांश्चतुरो मासान यथेन्द्रोऽभिप्रवर्षति ।
तथाऽभिवर्षेत स्वं राष्ट्रं कामैरिन्द्रव्रतं चरन ॥३०४॥
तथाऽभिवर्षेत स्वं राष्ट्रं कामैरिन्द्रव्रतं चरन ॥३०४॥
304. vārṣikāṁścaturo māsān yathendro'bhipravarṣati ,
tathā'bhivarṣet svaṁ rāṣṭraṁ kāmairindravrataṁ caran.
tathā'bhivarṣet svaṁ rāṣṭraṁ kāmairindravrataṁ caran.
304.
vārṣikān caturaḥ māsān yathā indraḥ abhipravarṣati
tathā abhivarṣeta svam rāṣṭram kāmaiḥ indra-vratam caran
tathā abhivarṣeta svam rāṣṭram kāmaiḥ indra-vratam caran
304.
yathā indraḥ vārṣikān caturaḥ māsān abhipravarṣati tathā
indra-vratam caran (nṛpaḥ) svam rāṣṭram kāmaiḥ abhivarṣeta
indra-vratam caran (nṛpaḥ) svam rāṣṭram kāmaiḥ abhivarṣeta
304.
Just as (indra) profusely showers rain during the four rainy months, so too should a ruler, by practicing the observance of (indra), shower his own kingdom with the fulfillment of their desires.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- वार्षिकान् (vārṣikān) - belonging to the rainy season (qualifying months) (annual, rainy, belonging to the rainy season)
- चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four
- मासान् (māsān) - months
- यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)
- इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - (indra) (the deity) (Indra (chief of the devas))
- अभिप्रवर्षति (abhipravarṣati) - profusely showers (rain) (showers abundantly, pours down upon)
- तथा (tathā) - so too (so, thus, in that manner)
- अभिवर्षेत (abhivarṣeta) - should shower (should shower, should rain upon)
- स्वम् (svam) - his own (one's own, his own)
- राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - kingdom (kingdom, realm, country)
- कामैः (kāmaiḥ) - with desired benefits or fulfillment of desires (with desires, with objects of desire, with wishes)
- इन्द्र-व्रतम् (indra-vratam) - the observance of (indra) (Indra's observance/vow/duty/conduct)
- चरन् (caran) - practicing, observing (practicing, acting, moving)
Words meanings and morphology
वार्षिकान् (vārṣikān) - belonging to the rainy season (qualifying months) (annual, rainy, belonging to the rainy season)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of vārṣika
vārṣika - annual, rainy, belonging to the rainy season
From varṣā (rainy season) + ṭhak suffix.
Note: Qualifies 'māsān'.
चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four
(numeral)
Note: Qualifies 'māsān'.
मासान् (māsān) - months
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of māsa
māsa - month
Note: Object of implied 'abhipravarṣati' (for Indra) and 'abhivarṣeta' (for ruler).
यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)
(indeclinable)
Note: Introduces a comparison.
इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - (indra) (the deity) (Indra (chief of the devas))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of indra
indra - Indra, chief of the devas
Note: Subject of 'abhipravarṣati'.
अभिप्रवर्षति (abhipravarṣati) - profusely showers (rain) (showers abundantly, pours down upon)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of √vṛṣ
Present active indicative
With prefixes abhi- and pra-.
Prefixes: abhi+pra
Root: √vṛṣ (class 1)
तथा (tathā) - so too (so, thus, in that manner)
(indeclinable)
Note: Introduces the consequence or parallel action.
अभिवर्षेत (abhivarṣeta) - should shower (should shower, should rain upon)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √vṛṣ
Optative active
With prefix abhi-.
Prefix: abhi
Root: √vṛṣ (class 1)
स्वम् (svam) - his own (one's own, his own)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sva
sva - one's own, self, own property
Note: Qualifies 'rāṣṭram'.
राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - kingdom (kingdom, realm, country)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra
rāṣṭra - kingdom, realm, country, nation
From √rāj (to rule).
Root: √rāj (class 1)
Note: Object of 'abhivarṣeta'.
कामैः (kāmaiḥ) - with desired benefits or fulfillment of desires (with desires, with objects of desire, with wishes)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of kāma
kāma - desire, wish, love, object of desire
From root √kam (to desire).
Root: √kam (class 1)
इन्द्र-व्रतम् (indra-vratam) - the observance of (indra) (Indra's observance/vow/duty/conduct)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of indra-vrata
indra-vrata - Indra's observance, vow, duty, conduct
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (indra+vrata)
- indra – Indra, chief of the devas
proper noun (masculine) - vrata – vow, sacred observance, duty, conduct
noun (neuter)
Note: Object of 'caran'.
चरन् (caran) - practicing, observing (practicing, acting, moving)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of carant
carant - moving, practicing, acting, observing
Present Active Participle
From root √car (to move, to practice).
Root: √car (class 1)
Note: Qualifies the implied subject (ruler).