मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-177
मातापितृविहीनो यस्त्यक्तो वा स्यादकारणात ।
आत्मानमर्पयेद यस्मै स्वयंदत्तस्तु स स्मृतः ॥१७७॥
आत्मानमर्पयेद यस्मै स्वयंदत्तस्तु स स्मृतः ॥१७७॥
177. mātāpitṛvihīno yastyakto vā syādakāraṇāt ,
ātmānamarpayed yasmai svayaṁdattastu sa smṛtaḥ.
ātmānamarpayed yasmai svayaṁdattastu sa smṛtaḥ.
177.
mātā-pitṛ-vihīnaḥ yaḥ tyaktaḥ vā syāt a-kāraṇāt
ātmānam arpayet yasmai svayam-dattaḥ tu saḥ smṛtaḥ
ātmānam arpayet yasmai svayam-dattaḥ tu saḥ smṛtaḥ
177.
yaḥ mātā-pitṛ-vihīnaḥ vā a-kāraṇāt tyaktaḥ syāt,
yasmai ātmānam arpayet,
saḥ tu svayam-dattaḥ smṛtaḥ
yasmai ātmānam arpayet,
saḥ tu svayam-dattaḥ smṛtaḥ
177.
A boy who is without parents, or has been abandoned without reason, and who offers his self (ātman) to someone, is known as a self-given son (svayaṃdatta).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- माता-पितृ-विहीनः (mātā-pitṛ-vihīnaḥ) - without parents (devoid of mother and father, parentless)
- यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever
- त्यक्तः (tyaktaḥ) - abandoned (by parents) (abandoned, deserted, relinquished)
- वा (vā) - or, either
- स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be
- अ-कारणात् (a-kāraṇāt) - without reason (without cause, causeless)
- आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - his self (ātman) (oneself, the self)
- अर्पयेत् (arpayet) - should offer (himself) (should offer, may dedicate)
- यस्मै (yasmai) - to whom (the boy offers himself) (to whom, for whom)
- स्वयम्-दत्तः (svayam-dattaḥ) - a self-given son (svayaṃdatta) (self-given, given by oneself)
- तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, however
- सः (saḥ) - he, that
- स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is known (as such) (remembered, called, considered)
Words meanings and morphology
माता-पितृ-विहीनः (mātā-pitṛ-vihīnaḥ) - without parents (devoid of mother and father, parentless)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mātā-pitṛ-vihīna
mātā-pitṛ-vihīna - devoid of mother and father, parentless
Bahuvrīhi compound (or tatpuruṣa)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mātāpitṛ+vihīna)
- mātāpitṛ – mother and father, parents
noun (masculine)
Dvandva compound - vihīna – bereft of, without, devoid of; past passive participle of vi-hā
adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From vi + root hā (to abandon, leave) + kta
Prefix: vi
Root: hā (class 3)
Note: Qualifies yaḥ.
यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what, whatever
त्यक्तः (tyaktaḥ) - abandoned (by parents) (abandoned, deserted, relinquished)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tyakta
tyakta - abandoned, deserted, relinquished; past passive participle of tyaj
Past Passive Participle
From root tyaj (class 1) + kta
Root: tyaj (class 1)
वा (vā) - or, either
(indeclinable)
स्यात् (syāt) - may be, should be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as
Optative, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular
From root as (class 2)
Root: as (class 2)
अ-कारणात् (a-kāraṇāt) - without reason (without cause, causeless)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of a-kāraṇa
a-kāraṇa - without cause, causeless
Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kāraṇa)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable - kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
noun (neuter)
From root kṛ + ana suffix
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Used adverbially.
आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - his self (ātman) (oneself, the self)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)
Root: an (class 2)
Note: Object of arpayet.
अर्पयेत् (arpayet) - should offer (himself) (should offer, may dedicate)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of arp
Optative, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular (causative of ṛ)
Causative of root ṛ (to go)
Root: ṛ (class 3)
यस्मै (yasmai) - to whom (the boy offers himself) (to whom, for whom)
(pronoun)
Dative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what, whatever
स्वयम्-दत्तः (svayam-dattaḥ) - a self-given son (svayaṃdatta) (self-given, given by oneself)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of svayam-datta
svayam-datta - self-given, given by oneself; (as noun) a son who gives himself
Compound: svayam (indecl.) + datta (PPP of dā)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svayam+datta)
- svayam – oneself, by oneself
indeclinable - datta – given, granted; past passive participle of dā
adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root dā (to give) + kta
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Predicate adjective, implicitly referring to a "son".
तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, however
(indeclinable)
सः (saḥ) - he, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is known (as such) (remembered, called, considered)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta
smṛta - remembered, called, considered; past passive participle of smṛ
Past Passive Participle
From root smṛ (class 1) + kta
Root: smṛ (class 1)
Note: Predicate adjective, implying "is considered" or "is known".