मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-269
ये तत्र नोपसर्पेयुर्मूलप्रणिहिताश्च ये ।
तान प्रसह्य नृपो हन्यात समित्रज्ञातिबान्धवान ॥२६९॥
तान प्रसह्य नृपो हन्यात समित्रज्ञातिबान्धवान ॥२६९॥
269. ye tatra nopasarpeyurmūlapraṇihitāśca ye ,
tān prasahya nṛpo hanyāt samitrajñātibāndhavān.
tān prasahya nṛpo hanyāt samitrajñātibāndhavān.
269.
ye tatra na upasarpeyuḥ mūlapraṇihitāḥ ca ye
tān prasahya nṛpaḥ hanyāt sa-mitrajñātibāndhavān
tān prasahya nṛpaḥ hanyāt sa-mitrajñātibāndhavān
269.
ye tatra na upasarpeyuḥ ye ca mūlapraṇihitāḥ,
tān nṛpaḥ prasahya sa-mitrajñātibāndhavān hanyāt
tān nṛpaḥ prasahya sa-mitrajñātibāndhavān hanyāt
269.
The king should forcibly execute those (robbers) who do not come forward (to surrender or negotiate), and also those who are deeply entrenched, along with their friends, relatives, and kinsmen.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ये (ye) - those (robbers) who (who, those who)
- तत्र (tatra) - in that context (of coming forward) (there, in that place, in that matter)
- न (na) - not, no
- उपसर्पेयुः (upasarpeyuḥ) - they (the robbers) should come forward/join (the agents) (they should approach, they should join)
- मूलप्रणिहिताः (mūlapraṇihitāḥ) - those (robbers) who are deeply entrenched as ringleaders or key figures (those who are firmly established, deeply rooted)
- च (ca) - and
- ये (ye) - who, those who
- तान् (tān) - them (the robbers described by 'ye...' clauses) (them, those)
- प्रसह्य (prasahya) - by force, forcibly, violently
- नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, ruler
- हन्यात् (hanyāt) - he (the king) should execute (he should kill, he should strike)
- समित्रज्ञातिबान्धवान् (samitrajñātibāndhavān) - along with their associates and family members (along with friends, relatives, and kinsmen)
Words meanings and morphology
ये (ye) - those (robbers) who (who, those who)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, what
तत्र (tatra) - in that context (of coming forward) (there, in that place, in that matter)
(indeclinable)
From tad (that).
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
उपसर्पेयुः (upasarpeyuḥ) - they (the robbers) should come forward/join (the agents) (they should approach, they should join)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of upasarpa
From upa-sṛp (to creep near, to approach).
Prefix: upa
Root: sṛp (class 1)
मूलप्रणिहिताः (mūlapraṇihitāḥ) - those (robbers) who are deeply entrenched as ringleaders or key figures (those who are firmly established, deeply rooted)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of mūlapraṇihita
mūlapraṇihita - placed at the root, firmly fixed, deeply attached, established
Past Passive Participle
Compound of mūla and praṇihita. From mūla (root) + pra-ni-dhā (to place down, fix).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mūla+praṇihita)
- mūla – root, foundation, origin
noun (neuter) - praṇihita – placed, fixed, engaged, prepared
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From pra-ni-dhā (to place, fix).
Prefixes: pra+ni
Root: dhā (class 3)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
ये (ye) - who, those who
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, what
तान् (tān) - them (the robbers described by 'ye...' clauses) (them, those)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those, he, she, it
Note: Object of 'hanyāt'.
प्रसह्य (prasahya) - by force, forcibly, violently
(indeclinable)
Absolutive/Gerund
From pra-sah (to overcome, to bear).
Prefix: pra
Root: sah (class 1)
नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, ruler
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa
nṛpa - king, ruler, monarch
From nṛ (man) + pā (to protect).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pā)
- nṛ – man, male
noun (masculine) - pā – protector, preserver
noun (masculine)
Agent noun from root pā- 'to protect'.
Root: pā (class 2)
Note: Subject of 'hanyāt'.
हन्यात् (hanyāt) - he (the king) should execute (he should kill, he should strike)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of han
Root: han (class 2)
समित्रज्ञातिबान्धवान् (samitrajñātibāndhavān) - along with their associates and family members (along with friends, relatives, and kinsmen)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of samitrajñātibāndhava
samitrajñātibāndhava - accompanied by friends, relatives, and kinsmen
Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'one who has friends, relatives, and kinsmen with them.' Formed with sa- (with) and a dvandva compound of mitra, jñāti, bāndhava.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+mitra+jñāti+bāndhava)
- sa – with, together with
indeclinable
Prefix indicating 'together with'. - mitra – friend, ally
noun (masculine) - jñāti – relative, kinsman
noun (masculine)
From root jñā- 'to know'.
Root: jñā (class 9) - bāndhava – relative, kinsman, friend
noun (masculine)
From bandhu (relative).
Note: Refers to the robbers as 'having friends, relatives, and kinsmen'.