मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-281
यस्तु पूर्वनिविष्टस्य तडागस्योदकं हरेत ।
आगमं वाऽप्यपां भिन्द्यात स दाप्यः पूर्वसाहसम ॥२८१॥
आगमं वाऽप्यपां भिन्द्यात स दाप्यः पूर्वसाहसम ॥२८१॥
281. yastu pūrvaniviṣṭasya taḍāgasyodakaṁ haret ,
āgamaṁ vā'pyapāṁ bhindyāt sa dāpyaḥ pūrvasāhasam.
āgamaṁ vā'pyapāṁ bhindyāt sa dāpyaḥ pūrvasāhasam.
281.
yaḥ tu pūrvaniviṣṭasya taḍāgasya udakam hareta
āgamam vā api apām bhindyāt saḥ dāpyaḥ pūrvasāhasam
āgamam vā api apām bhindyāt saḥ dāpyaḥ pūrvasāhasam
281.
yaḥ tu pūrvaniviṣṭasya taḍāgasya udakam hareta vā
apām āgamam api bhindyāt saḥ pūrvasāhasam dāpyaḥ
apām āgamam api bhindyāt saḥ pūrvasāhasam dāpyaḥ
281.
But whoever diverts the water from an already established reservoir (taḍāga), or obstructs its water supply (āgamam), he shall be compelled to pay the lowest fine.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever
- तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
- पूर्वनिविष्टस्य (pūrvaniviṣṭasya) - of a reservoir already constructed (of an already established/existing one)
- तडागस्य (taḍāgasya) - of a reservoir/tank
- उदकम् (udakam) - water
- हरेत (hareta) - should take away, should steal, should divert
- आगमम् (āgamam) - water supply or source of water (inflow, source, arrival, supply)
- वा (vā) - or
- अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the alternative condition) (even, also, if)
- अपाम् (apām) - of waters, of the water
- भिन्द्यात् (bhindyāt) - should obstruct the flow (should break, should obstruct, should divide)
- सः (saḥ) - he
- दाप्यः (dāpyaḥ) - to be made to pay, liable for a fine
- पूर्वसाहसम् (pūrvasāhasam) - the lowest penalty/fine
Words meanings and morphology
यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)
तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
(indeclinable)
पूर्वनिविष्टस्य (pūrvaniviṣṭasya) - of a reservoir already constructed (of an already established/existing one)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of pūrvaniviṣṭa
pūrvaniviṣṭa - already established, previously built
Past Passive Participle
Compound: 'pūrva' (before) + 'niviṣṭa' (established, settled - PPP of ni-viś)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (pūrva+niviṣṭa)
- pūrva – prior, previous, former, already
adjective (masculine) - niviṣṭa – entered, settled, established, built
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of root 'viś' with upasarga 'ni'
Prefix: ni
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: Modifies 'taḍāgasya'.
तडागस्य (taḍāgasya) - of a reservoir/tank
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of taḍāga
taḍāga - pond, tank, reservoir
उदकम् (udakam) - water
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of udaka
udaka - water
हरेत (hareta) - should take away, should steal, should divert
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of hṛ
Root: hṛ (class 1)
आगमम् (āgamam) - water supply or source of water (inflow, source, arrival, supply)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of āgama
āgama - coming, arrival, inflow, source
Derived from root 'gam' with upasarga 'ā'
Prefix: ā
Root: gam (class 1)
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the alternative condition) (even, also, if)
(indeclinable)
अपाम् (apām) - of waters, of the water
(noun)
Genitive, feminine, plural of ap
ap - water
भिन्द्यात् (bhindyāt) - should obstruct the flow (should break, should obstruct, should divide)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhid
Root: bhid (class 7)
सः (saḥ) - he
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)
दाप्यः (dāpyaḥ) - to be made to pay, liable for a fine
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dāpya
dāpya - to be caused to give, to be made to pay, liable to be fined
Gerundive
Causative passive participle (gerundive) from root 'dā'
Root: dā (class 1)
पूर्वसाहसम् (pūrvasāhasam) - the lowest penalty/fine
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of pūrvasāhasa
pūrvasāhasa - the lowest fine or penalty (in a system of fines)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (pūrva+sāhasa)
- pūrva – prior, previous, former, lowest (in a series)
adjective (masculine) - sāhasa – violence, rashness, an assault, a fine
noun (neuter)