मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-9, verse-114
सर्वेषां धनजातानामाददीताग्र्यमग्रजः ।
यच्च सातिशयं किं चिद दशतश्चाप्नुयाद वरम ॥११४॥
यच्च सातिशयं किं चिद दशतश्चाप्नुयाद वरम ॥११४॥
114. sarveṣāṁ dhanajātānāmādadītāgryamagrajaḥ ,
yacca sātiśayaṁ kiṁ cid daśataścāpnuyād varam.
yacca sātiśayaṁ kiṁ cid daśataścāpnuyād varam.
114.
sarveṣām dhanajātānām ādadīta agryam agrajaḥ yat
ca sātiśayam kim cit daśataḥ ca āpnuyāt varam
ca sātiśayam kim cit daśataḥ ca āpnuyāt varam
114.
agrajaḥ sarveṣām dhanajātānām agryam ādadīta ca
yat kim cit sātiśayam daśataḥ varam ca āpnuyāt
yat kim cit sātiśayam daśataḥ varam ca āpnuyāt
114.
Among all types of acquired wealth, the eldest brother should take the best portion. And from anything that is of superior value, he should also obtain a special share, specifically one-tenth.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all
- धनजातानाम् (dhanajātānām) - of produced wealth, of kinds of wealth
- आददीत (ādadīta) - should take, should receive
- अग्र्यम् (agryam) - the best portion (the best, foremost, chief part)
- अग्रजः (agrajaḥ) - the eldest brother (the eldest, elder brother)
- यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- सातिशयम् (sātiśayam) - of superior value (with a surplus, superior, excellent)
- किम् चित् (kim cit) - anything (something, anything)
- दशतः (daśataḥ) - one-tenth (from ten, one-tenth)
- च (ca) - also (and, also)
- आप्नुयात् (āpnuyāt) - should obtain (should obtain, should get)
- वरम् (varam) - a special share (best, excellent, a boon, a choice thing, a privileged share)
Words meanings and morphology
सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all
(pronoun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole, complete
Note: Declined as a pronominal adjective, agreeing with 'dhanajātānām'.
धनजातानाम् (dhanajātānām) - of produced wealth, of kinds of wealth
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of dhanajāta
dhanajāta - wealth produced or born; kinds of wealth
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhana+jāta)
- dhana – wealth, riches, money
noun (neuter) - jāta – born, produced, arisen, existing; kind, type
participle (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root jan (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)
आददीत (ādadīta) - should take, should receive
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of ā-dā
Optative Mood, Ātmanepada
Root dā with prefix ā
Prefix: ā
Root: dā (class 3)
अग्र्यम् (agryam) - the best portion (the best, foremost, chief part)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of agrya
agrya - foremost, chief, best; an excellent thing/part
Note: Used substantively, referring to a portion of wealth.
अग्रजः (agrajaḥ) - the eldest brother (the eldest, elder brother)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of agraja
agraja - born first, eldest; elder brother
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agra+ja)
- agra – front, tip, top, beginning
noun (neuter) - ja – born, produced from
participle (masculine)
Suffix `ja` derived from root `jan` (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)
यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, whatever
Note: Relative pronoun, refers to 'kim cit sātiśayam'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
सातिशयम् (sātiśayam) - of superior value (with a surplus, superior, excellent)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sātiśaya
sātiśaya - having a surplus, excellent, pre-eminent, superior
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+atiśaya)
- sa – with, accompanied by
indeclinable - atiśaya – excess, superiority, excellence
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ati
Note: Adjective qualifying 'kim cit'.
किम् चित् (kim cit) - anything (something, anything)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kim cit
kim cit - something, anything
Note: Used as an indefinite pronoun, object of 'āpnuyāt'.
दशतः (daśataḥ) - one-tenth (from ten, one-tenth)
(numeral)
Note: Used here to mean 'one-tenth part' or 'from a group of ten' in the context of share distribution.
च (ca) - also (and, also)
(indeclinable)
आप्नुयात् (āpnuyāt) - should obtain (should obtain, should get)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of āp
Optative Mood, Parasmaipada
Root āp (5th class)
Root: āp (class 5)
वरम् (varam) - a special share (best, excellent, a boon, a choice thing, a privileged share)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vara
vara - best, excellent, superior; a choice, a boon, a privileged portion
Note: Used substantively, meaning 'a special or privileged portion'.